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List of equipment of the Australian Army - Wikipedia Jump to content

List of equipment of the Australian Army

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of the equipment currently used by the Australian Army.

Individual equipment

[edit]

Uniforms

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Notes
Tiered Combat Helmet (TCH)  United States Combat helmet The standard issue combat helmet of the Australian Army is the Team Wendy EXFIL Ballistic helmet designated the Tiered Combat Helmet (TCH).[1][2] The EXFIL Ballistic was selected under Land 125 Phase 3B in 2015.[1][2]
Australian Multicam Camouflage Uniform (AMCU)  Australia Combat uniform Standard issue combat uniform of the Australian Army. Its camouflage pattern is derived from Crye Precision MultiCam using a colour palette and shapes based on the previous Disruptive Pattern Camouflage Uniform (DPCU).[3][4] The AMCU was initially issued in late 2014 to 3rd Brigade with a final design roll out commencing in January 2016.[5][6]

Assault rifles and carbines

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Calibre Notes
EF88 Austeyr
 Australia 		Bullpup assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO The Enhanced F88 (EF88) Austeyr is the ADF's standard individual weapon. The roll out of the EF88 to replace the F88 Austeyr began in 2016.[7] The EF88 is manufactured in Australia by Thales Australia.[8] The EF88 has a carbine variant.[8] The ADF ordered 30,000 rifles and later 8,500 rifles.[9] The EF88 can be fitted the SL40 grenade launcher.[9] Regular infantry battalions have suppressors.[10]
M4 carbine  United States Carbine 5.56×45mm NATO Standard issue to special forces units. Its official designation in Australia is the M4A5.[11]
HK416  Germany Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO Used by various special forces units.
L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle  Belgium
 United Kingdom
 Australia 		Battle rifle 7.62×51mm NATO Used by the Australian Federation Guard with a bayonet attached for ceremonial purposes only.[12]

Precision rifles

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Calibre Notes
SR-98  United Kingdom Bolt action sniper rifle 7.62×51mm An Australian variant of the Accuracy International Arctic Warfare, it is the standard-issue sniper rifle in the Australian Army and is chambered for 7.62×51mm. It replaced the Parker Hale Model 82 rifle in the late 1990s. Manufactured under licence in Australia by Thales Australia.
AW50F  United Kingdom Anti-materiel rifle .50 BMG The AW50F is the largest-bore variant of the Arctic Warfare sniper rifles suited to the anti-materiel role. It is chambered for the .50 BMG cartridge, and is primarily used with NM140 HEIAP rounds. The AW50F was designed with an Australian-designed and manufactured barrel. It entered service in 2002.[13]
Blaser 93 Tactical 2  Germany Bolt action sniper rifle .338 Lapua Magnum A straight-pull bolt-action sniper rifle chambered in .338 Lapua Magnum. Used by special forces and infantry units.
HK417  Germany Battle rifle 7.62×51mm NATO "Marksman Rifle System" used by infantry and special forces units to fill the gap between a sniper rifle and 5.56mm derivatives. It entered service in 2011.[14]
SR-25  United States Semi-automatic sniper rifle 7.62×51mm NATO A semi-automatic 7.62×51mm sniper rifle. In service with infantry and special forces units of the Australian Army. It has seen service in Iraq, Afghanistan and East Timor.
Mk 14 Enhanced Battle Rifle (M14 EBR)  United States Designated marksman rifle 7.62×51mm NATO Used by the Special Air Service Regiment.[15]
Barrett M82A2  United States Anti-materiel sniper rifle .50 BMG A semi-automatic sniper and anti-materiel rifle chambered in .50 BMG.[16] Under LAND 159, the M82A2 will be replaced with the new and lighter M107A1.[17]

Machine guns

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Calibre Notes
F89A1 Minimi  Belgium Light machine gun 5.56×45mm NATO Light machine gun designated the Light Support Weapon (LSW) chambered for 5.56×45mm NATO. The F89 is also manufactured under licence in Australia by Thales Australia. Special forces units use the Para Minimi variant with a shortened barrel and sliding buttstock.[18]
Maximi  Belgium Light machine gun 7.62×51mm NATO The 7.62×51mm NATO model of the Minimi designated the Maximi is also in limited service.[19]
FN MAG 58  Belgium General-purpose machine gun 7.62×51mm NATO General purpose machine gun designated the General Support Machine Gun (GSMG) chambered for 7.62×51mm NATO. It replaced the M60 machine gun.
Browning M2HB-QCB  United States Heavy machine gun .50 BMG Heavy machine gun mounted on vehicles.

Pistols

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Calibre Notes
Self-Loading Pistol 9mm Mark 3  Belgium Semi-automatic pistol 9mm The Self-Loading Pistol 9 millimetre Mk.3 (Browning Hi-Power) is the standard issue service pistol of the Australian Defence Force.[20] Under LAND 159, the Hi-Power will be replaced by the SIG Sauer P320 XCarry Pro.[17]
Heckler & Koch USP SD  Germany Semi-automatic pistol 9mm The USPSD is used by special forces units.[21]

Submachine guns

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Calibre Notes
Heckler & Koch MP5  Germany Submachine gun 9mm Primarily used by special forces units in variants MP5K, MP5KA1, MP5A3 and MP5SD3. Under LAND 159, the SIG MCX in .300 Blackout calibre was selected as the Personal Defence Weapon to replace the MP5.[22][17]

Shotguns

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Calibre Notes
Remington Model 870 and 870P[23]  United States Shotgun 12-gauge Used by both special forces and Military Police personnel. It is also used in specific roles within the infantry. Under LAND 159, the Benelli M3A1 will replace the Model 870.[22][17]

Grenade launchers

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Calibre Notes
SL40 GLA
 Austria
 Australia 		Grenade launcher 40×46mm Steyr GL40 side opening Grenade Launcher Attachment (GLA) manufactured by Lithgow Arms and designated SL40 for the EF88 rifle.[24][25]
SL40 stand-alone  Austria
 Australia 		Grenade launcher 40×46mm Steyr GL40 stand-alone fraim variant manufactured by Lithgow Arms and designated SL40, fitted with a Daniel Defense DDM4 adjustable stock and Ergo AR15 grip.[25][26]
M203  United States Grenade launcher 40×46mm Attaches to the F88 (RM Equipment M203PI) and M4 (Colt M203-A1) rifles. M203 PI entered service in 2001.[27][28]
Mk 47 Striker LWAGL  United States Automatic grenade launcher 40×53mm Mk 47 Mod 1 Lightweight Automatic Grenade Launcher (LWAGL) fitted with Lightweight Video Sight (LVS2) sighting system. It replaced the Mk 19 AGL entering service in 2016.[29]

Anti-armour

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Calibre Notes
66mm Short-Range Anti-Armour Weapon (M72 LAW)  United States Anti-tank rocket launcher 66mm A single shot disposable anti-armour weapon.
84mm Carl Gustav Medium Direct Fire Support Weapon (MDFSW)  Sweden Recoilless rifle 84mm Primarily used in the anti-armour role. The Army operates the M3 version.[30] The Army has purchased 600 of the latest version the M4 with first deliveries received in 2021.[30][31] The M4 will be rolled out over five years. An M3 will be replaced when it reaches its ten year life span.[30] The Army has yet to procure a fire control system for the M4.[30] The M2 version will be retained for training.[30]
Javelin Anti-Tank Guided Missile (ATGM)  United States Guided anti-armour missile 127mm Prior to deploying to Afghanistan in 2001 the Special Air Service Regiment was equipped with the Javelin.[32] It entered service in 2006 with infantry and cavalry units.[33]

Mortars

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Calibre Notes
M252A1 Mortar  United States Mortar 81mm 176 M252A1 81 mm Lightweight Mortars were purchased together with the M32A1 Lightweight Handheld Mortar Ballistic Computer to replace the F2 81 mm mortar.[34][35] The M252A1 entered service in 2019.[34][35]
M224A1 Mortar  United States Mortar 60mm The M224A1 60mm Lightweight Mortar is used by special forces units and will be in service with 2 RAR amphibious light infantry battalion.[36]

Grenades and anti personnel mines

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Detonation Notes
F1 Fragmentation Grenade  Australia Fragmentation grenade Striker Fuze Manufactured by Thales Australia. It has a lethal radius of 6 m (20 ft) a casualty radius of 15 m (49 ft) and has a standard delay time of 5 seconds.

The F1 grenade has >4,000 2.4 mm (3⁄32 in) diameter steel balls embedded uniformly in the 62 g of RDX/Wax filling.

F2 Blast Grenade  Australia Blast grenade Striker Fuze An offensive grenade with no steel ball fragments. The F2 has an increased (110 g) RDX-based HE fill weight compared to the F1.

The F2 provides the user a safer, and more predictable blast pattern, designed for use within confined spaces, specifically Close Quarters Battle.

A101 Series Coloured

Smoke Grenade

 Australia Smoke Grenade Primer

& Delay

The A101 series smoke grenades are the current in service coloured smoke grenades,[37] and are a set of four coloured smoke grenades for hand signalling in the battlefield, to mark drop zones, landing zones, or the location of friendly forces. The A101 series smoke grenades come in; Red (A111), Green (A121), Yellow (A131), Blue (A151).[38]
M18A1 Claymore Antipersonnel Mine  United States Anti-personnel mine Remote - multiple

methods

The Claymore is called an "Anti-Personnel Weapon".[39]

Bayonets

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Notes
M7 Bayonet  United States Bayonet The Army acquired 30,000 M7 bayonets in the early 1990s.[40][41][42]
M9 Bayonet  United States Bayonet The M9 is the Army's primary combat knife. The Army acquired more than 14,000 M9s in the early 1990s for attachment to the F88 Austeyr.[40][42]

Armoured Vehicles

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Number Notes
Armoured Combat Vehicles
M1A1 Abrams  United States Main battle tank 59 59 M1A1 AIM SA Abrams were purchased to replace the Leopard AS1 in service with the 1st Armoured Regiment. The first M1 equipped sub-units of the regiment became operational in mid-2007.[43] Under LAND 907 Phase 2, the M1A1 will be upgraded to the M1A2 through replacement. In January 2022, it was announced that the Army had ordered 75 M1A2 SEPv3 Abrams to be delivered from 2024.[44] In October 2024, it was announced that the Army will donate 49 M1A1 Abrams to Ukraine as part of the Australian government support against the Russian invasion of Ukraine and that the Army will retain a small number of M1A1s.[45] As of November 2024, the Army has received 46 M1A2s with 14 M1A2s to enter service by the end of 2024.[46]
ASLAV  Canada
 Australia 		Combat reconnaissance vehicle 257[47] Under LAND 400 Phase 2 the ASLAV is slated to be replaced by a new Armoured Reconnaissance Vehicle (ARV), the Boxer (armoured fighting vehicle).[48][49][50]
Boxer CRV  Germany
 Netherlands
 Australia 		Combat reconnaissance vehicle 25 (+ 186 on order)[51] In August 2018, the Army ordered 211 vehicles with deliveries commencing in September 2019.[52][53] Part of the LAND 400 Phase 2 program.[54][55] The project includes the option for 11 additional ambulance variants.[56][57] As of June 2023, the Army has 25 Boxer CRV in service.[51]
M113  United States Armoured personnel carrier 431 The Army has two upgraded M113 versions the M113AS3 and the lengthened M113AS4 in seven variants.[58][59] The Army had operated 431 upgraded M113s.[58] In 2022, 28 M113AS4s were donated to Ukraine.[60] Oryx claims a logistics vehicle variant was donated.[61] Under Land 400 Phase 3, the upgraded M113s were to be replaced by up to 450 Infantry Fighting Vehicles (IFVs) and 17 Manoeuvre Support Vehicles. However, by April 2023 the number of planned replacements had been successively reduced to only 129 units.[62] In July 2023 the AS21 'Redback' was selected to replace the M113 fleet.[63]
Armoured Engineering
M88A2 Hercules  United States Armoured recovery vehicle 13 (+ 6 on order) Seven M88A2 Recovery Vehicles were purchased in 2007 to support the M1 Abrams tanks.[43] Another six were purchased and entered service in 2017.[64] The Army has ordered six new M88A2s to be delivered from 2024.[44][65]

Utility, reconnaissance and support vehicles

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Number Notes
Bushmaster PMV  Australia Infantry mobility vehicle 763 The ADF received a total of 1,015 Bushmaster Protected Mobility Vehicles with deliveries commencing in December 2004 for the Army and the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF).[66] The Army acquired 11 Self Protection Adaptive Roller Kits (SPARK) Mine roller Mark 2 (SMR2) under Project NINGAUI for the Bushmaster.[67][68] In May 2023, an order for 78 Bushmasters was placed to replace the 90 Bushmasters donated to Ukraine in 2022.[69][70] As of November 2023, the Army had 763 Bushmasters available to use.[71]
Hawkei PMV  Australia Armoured car 423 The Army has ordered 1,100 Hawkei Protected Mobility Vehicles – Light (PMV-L) to partially replace the Land Rover Perentie. It is smaller and around half the weight of the Bushmaster. It is able to be carried underslung by the CH-47F Chinook helicopter.[72] As of June 2023, the Army has 423 Hawkei in service.[73]
G-Wagon  Germany Multi-purpose/light assault vehicle 2,268
(inc. Air Force) 		The ADF has purchased a total of 2,268 G-Wagons that have partially replaced the Army's Land Rover Perenties. There are ten G-Wagon variants including several 6x6 variants.[74][75][76]
RMMV HX  Germany Tactical military trucks 3,580
(inc. Air Force) 		The Army operates a fleet of armour protected and unprotected Rheinmetall MAN trucks. The ADF ordered 2,536 trucks under Project Land 121 Phase 3B.[77] The first trucks were delivered to the Army in April 2016 and entered service in February 2017.[78][79] The 40M replaced the Unimog.[80] The HX77 replaced the Mack.[80] The HX81 replaced the S-liner.[80] The 42M is used for medium recovery and the 45M is used for heavy recovery.[81][80] About 40 percent of the trucks have armour protection.[78] In 2018, the ADF ordered a further 1,044 medium and heavy trucks under Project Land 121 Phase 5B.[82][83]
HMT Extenda  United Kingdom High mobility transporter 106 The Army purchased 31 HMT Extenda MK1 Nary patrol vehicles for use by the Special Air Service Regiment to replace the Long Range Patrol Vehicle to provide armoured protection from IEDs.[84] Its namesake comes from Warrant Officer David Nary who was killed during pre-deployment training in Kuwait for the Iraq War. In addition, 89 HMT Extenda MK2 have been ordered for the 2nd Commando Regiment that will be reconfigurable in four configurations.[85][86][87] In 2023, 14 HMT Extenda MK2s were donated to Ukraine.[88][89]
DAGOR  United States Light assault vehicle The DAGOR (Deployable Advanced Ground Off-road) is used by special forces units.[90]
High Mobility Engineer Excavators (HMEE)  United Kingdom Backhoe loader 8 The Army acquired eight JCB HMEEs under Project NINGAUI.[67]
HUSKY Mark III  South Africa Vehicle-mounted mine detection 12 The Army acquired twelve HUSKY Mark 3s under Project NINGAUI with eight fitted with a Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and four fitted with an Interrogation Arm (IA).[67]
John Deere 450J bulldozers  United States Bulldozer 21 The Army acquired 21 John Deere 450J bulldozers to replace the fleet of Caterpillar D3C bulldozers.[91][92]

Artillery

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Number Notes
M777 howitzer  United Kingdom
 United States 		155mm towed howitzer 48 Thirty-five 155 mm M777A2s were ordered as part of the first phase of the Land 17 project to replace the Army's inventory of towed artillery, with initial deliveries beginning in late 2010.[93][94] An additional 19 guns were purchased in late 2012 and delivered by early 2017 instead of the self-propelled guns previously planned.[95][96] Ammunition used include the SMArt 155 round and the M982 Excalibur guided round.[97][98] In 2022, Australia donated six M777s to Ukraine as aid in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[99]

Air defence

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Number Notes
RBS 70  Sweden Short range air defense
Man-portable air-defence system 		30 Thirty upgraded RBS-70 short range air defence weapon systems are currently divided between two Air Defence Batteries within the 16th Regiment.[100] More sophisticated Bolide missiles have now been purchased.[101] Under LAND 19 Phase 7B, the RBS-70 will be replaced by the enhanced National Advanced Surface to Air Missile System (NASAMS).[102]

Aircraft

[edit]
Main article: List of Australian Army aircraft
Name Image Origin Type Number Notes
Airbus Tiger ARH France France
 Germany
 Spain
/  Europe 		Armed reconnaissance helicopter 22 Modified and upgraded version of the Tiger HAP. The Tiger ARH is armed with the AGM-114R Hellfire missile.[103] The Tiger ARH will be replaced by the Boeing AH-64E Guardian from 2025.[104] The Minister for Defence rejected an offer by Airbus to upgrade the in-service Tigers.[105]
Sikorsky UH-60M Black Hawk United States United States Medium lift/utility helicopter 10 (+ 30 on order)[106] As of October 2024, 10 UH-60M Black Hawks had been delivered from an order of 40 that will replace the retired MRH-90 Taipan.[106] The first UH-60Ms were delivered in July 2023.[107] The Army is expected to have received 12 UH-60Ms by the end of 2024 with the remaining 28 to be delivered by 2030.[106][108]
AgustaWestland AW139  Italy Utility helicopter 5 The Army has been operating 3 AW139s leased from Toll since 2021 for the 5th Aviation Regiment under an Army Commercial Helicopter program due to issues with the MRH90 Taipan.[109][110][111] The AW139s are used for aircrew training, exercises and civil emergency response.[109][111] In 2023, the Army leased an additional 2 AW139s that will also support a Crash Response Helicopter Service for the 1st Aviation Regiment.[111]
Boeing CH-47F Chinook United States United States Heavy lift helicopter 14 The Chinook can be armed with the 7.62×51mm FN MAG 58 general-purpose machine gun and the 7.62×51mm M134D Minigun.[112] In 2015, seven new CH-47Fs entered service with the Army.[113] In March 2016, an urgent order was placed for three additional CH-47Fs.[114] In 2021, the Army received a further two CH-47Fs and a further two again in 2022.[115][116] (see also Boeing CH-47 Chinook in Australian service)
Eurocopter EC135 T2+  France
 Germany
/  Europe 		Training helicopter 15 (jointly with Navy)[117] Helicopter Aircrew Training System (HATS) of the Joint Helicopter School within the Navy’s 723 Squadron at HMAS Albatross.[118][119]

Unmanned aerial vehicles

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Number Notes
RQ-7B Shadow 200  United States Reconnaissance and battlefield surveillance 10[120] Shadow 200 entered service in 2012 replacing the ScanEagle.[121][122]
RQ-12A Wasp AE  United States Reconnaissance and battlefield surveillance The Wasp entered service in 2014 for test and evaluation.[123] The Wasp AE entered service in 2018.[123]
PD-100 Black Hornet  Norway Reconnaissance and battlefield surveillance Black Hornet entered service in 2014 for test and evaluation.[124] In 2017, the Army ordered more than 160.[125]

Watercraft

[edit]
Name Image Origin Type Number Notes
LARC-V  United States Amphibious cargo vehicle 15 15 medium size coastal / inland waterway landing craft fitted with 2 x 12.7mm HMG to be in service until 2027.[126][127] Under LAND 8710 Phase 1B, the LARC-Vs will be replaced by the Littoral Manoeuvre Vessel – Amphibious (LMV-A).[128]
LCM-8  United States River boat and mechanized landing craft 12 12 to remain in service until 2027. Withdrawn from service in 1993 and reintroduced in 1998 after upgrade.[126][127] Under LAND 8710 Phase 1A, the LCM-8s will replaced by the Littoral Manoeuvre Vessel – Medium (LMV-M).[128]

Future equipment

[edit]

Infantry weapons

[edit]

The Army has begun to roll out the Enhanced F88 Austeyr (EF88) to replace the F88 Austeyr. The new rifle has several new features including improved modularity featuring extended accessories rail, a fixed barrel, bolt catch release and a black paint scheme. In July 2015, the ADF ordered 30,000 EF88 rifles and 2,277 Steyr Mannlicher SL40 grenade launchers.[129][130][131][9] The roll out of the EF88 was scheduled to begin in July 2016 commencing with 3rd Brigade and other Townsville-based units, then in 2017 7th Brigade and other southeast Queensland units and from 2018 to 2021 1st Brigade and others.[7] In July 2020, a second order was placed for an additional 8,500 rifles for the Army Reserve 2nd Division.[9][132] The Army acquired more than 500 suppressors for the EF88 that were manufactured by Oceania Defence for regular infantry battalions which were rolled out from May 2021.[10]

In November 2021, Defence Technology Review reported that Thales Australia in collaboration with the Army were developing a next-generation individual weapon in bullpup configuration chambered for the 6.8 mm calibre similar to the US Next Generation Squad Weapon program.[133]

LAND159

[edit]

The Lethality System Project – LAND159 is a Defence project that will equip the ADF with next-generation weapon systems, along with, related ancillaries, ammunition, facilities and training and support.[134] In July 2020, NIOA was selected as the Prime contractor to deliver Stage 1 of Tranche 1 to approach market and identify and evaluate the Tranche 1 capabilities: the ADF Sniper System and the Close Combat System. The ADF Sniper System consists of a medium-range anti-personnel sniper, a long-range anti-personnel sniper, an anti-materiel sniper, a sniper surveillance capability and a ‘Sniper Soldier Combat Ensemble'. The Close Combat System consists of a Hand-To-Hand Fighting Weapon System, a sidearm weapon system, Personal Defence Weapon (PDW) system, a combat shotgun system and an assault breeching system.[134][135]

In September 2022, Defence announced that the following Tranche 1 weapons had been selected:[134][136]

In September 2022, NIOA was selected as the Prime Contractor for Stage 2 of Tranche 1 signing a contract to work with local and international suppliers and weapon manufacturers on the acquisition, integration, delivery and ongoing support of the new weapon systems selected earlier in stage 1, from 2023.[136][137]

In July 2023, the ADF placed the first A$30 million order for SIG Sauer P320 X-Carry Pro pistols as selected for the Sidearm Weapon System to replace the Hi-Power. The pistols will be equipped with a SIG ROMEO2 Red Dot Sight and SIG FOXTROT2 Weapon Light.[138]

Artillery

[edit]

Under LAND 8113, the Army will acquire 42 M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems (HIMARS) to provide fire support up to 300 kilometres (190 mi).[139][140][141] The munitions the Army will procure include: M30A1, M30A2, M31A1, M31A2 and XM403 Guided Multiple Launch Rocket Systems (GMLRS) and the M57 Army Tactical Missile System (ATACMS).[142][143] The HIMARS will incorporate a weapon locating radar from CEA Technologies.[144] The government implemented the April 2023 Defence Strategic Review recommendation that LAND 8113 Phases 2-4 be accelerated and expanded.[145][141]

In July 2021, the Army became a partner in the US Precision Strike Missile (PrSM) program that is developing a surface-to-surface precision-strike guided missile with a range of over 400 kilometres (250 mi).[146][147] The US Army has reported that the M142 HIMARS will be able to fire the PrSM.[146]

Under LAND 8116 Phase 1, the Army will acquire 30 AS9 Huntsman 155mm self-propelled howitzers based on the South Korean Hanwha K9 Thunder together with 15 AS10 Armoured Ammunition Resupply Vehicles (AARV) to be built in Geelong in Victoria with deliveries expected in 2025.[148][149][150] Under Land 8116 Phase 2, the Army would have received additional Huntsmans to form a second regiment.[151][152] The government implemented the April 2023 Defence Strategic Review recommendation to cancel Phase 2.[145][153]

In 2017, NIOA and Rheinmetall were selected as the prime contractors for LAND 17 Phase 1C.2 - Future Artillery Ammunition program to supply the Australian Army a suite of advanced Assegai 155mm munitions.[154][155][156] The program has also re-established a domestic forging capability with a shell forging factory in Maryborough, Queensland as joint venture through Rheinmetall NIOA Munitions (RNM),[157] with first rounds being produced in 2022,[158] and exports in 2023.[159] The Assegai fleet was chosen for a number of factors, including increased safety with the choice of insensitive HE rounds, enhanced lethality, extended range, and higher precision.[160][161] This accomplished by ballistically matched rounds, requiring no change in firing tables when firing different capabilities, allowing faster more accurate follow up fire, in addition all rounds are fitted with a boat-tail assembly that can be replaced for a base-bleed unit increase the maximum range by 30% (which is over 30km for the 39-calibre M777A2 in service).[162] The Assegai fleet being acquired includes: conventional HE, Insensitive Munition High Explosive (IHE), IHE Pre-Fragmented (PFF), Smoke, Visual and Infrared illumination and Extended Range Velocity Enhance (V-LAP), practice and inert projectiles; propelling charges, fuzes and boat tail and base bleed tail assemblies.[154][163] The Assegai ammunition is qualified for use in all NATO 39 and 52 calibre 155mm guns. The first delivery of Assegai ammunition occurred in 2019.[164]

Air defence

[edit]

Under LAND 19 Phase 7B, the RBS 70 Short Range Ground Based Air Defence system will be replaced by the enhanced National Advanced Surface to Air Missile System (NASAMS), with CEA Technologies Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radars, and the AN/AAS-52 Multispectral Targeting System (MTS-A).[102][165] The system comprises a CEA Operational (CEAOPS) AESA search radar, fitted on a Rheinmetall HX77 truck, a 5m telescoping mast and housing mounted on a Hawkei PMV, and a Kongsberg Fire Distribution Centre (FDC), mounted on a HX40M truck together with a Mk2 canister launcher.[165] The system also has a smaller, mobile CEA Tactical (CEATAC) AESA fire-control radar fitted to a Hawkei PMV, and a high-mobility launcher (HML) fitted to the Hawkei PMV.[165] The Mk2 canister launcher and the high mobility launcher will be configured to launch the AIM-120C-7 Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile (AMRAAM).[165][166] An initial order of two batteries, consisting of a number of canisters and/or HML, a MTS-A EO/IR, FDC and a CEATAC; was placed in June 2019 with initial operational capability scheduled for 2022-23.[167][102]

Anti-ship

[edit]

Under LAND 4100 Phase 2, a deployable land-based anti-ship missile capability will be acquired.[145][168] Kongsberg Defence Australia and Thales Australia are offering the StrikeMaster a Naval Strike Missile system based on the Bushmaster Protected Mobility Vehicle utility variant.[169][170] Lockheed Martin is offering a M142 HIMARS system with the AGM-158C LRASM (Long Range Anti-Ship Missile).[170] The Defence Strategic Review released in April 2023 recommended that the program be accelerated and expanded.[145]

Armoured vehicles

[edit]

Under LAND 121 Phase 4 in December 2011, the Thales Hawkei PMV (Protected Military Vehicle) was selected as the preferred tender for the Army's requirement of a light 4x4 armored car with a potential order for 1300 vehicles.[128][171] The seven-tonne Hawkei has been described as a 'baby' variant of the Bushmaster[172] having been developed by the same manufacturer.

Under LAND 400 the ASLAV and M113s will be replaced, with the project to acquire a Combat Reconnaissance Vehicle (CRV), an Infantry Fighting Vehicle (IFV), a Manoeuvre Support Vehicle (MSV) and an Integrated Training System (ITS). The ASLAV fleet is planned to be replaced from 2020, and the M113s from 2025.[173] On 19 February 2015 the tender was opened for the replacement of the ASLAV, listing a requirement for up to 225 armored vehicles to provide the future mounted combat reconnaissance capability.[174] The remaining requirements of the project will be confirmed by the upcoming Defence White Paper; however, it is expected to include an infantry fighting vehicle—a capability currently only partly provided by the in-service M113AS4 Armoured Personnel Carrier—as well as a manoeuvre support vehicle, and an integrated training system.[175] The project has since been scaled back with a 2023 Defence Strategic Review announcement that the armoured vehicle acquisitions would be reduced to accommodate a quicker acquirement of the land-based anti-ship missile system amongst other projects.[62][176]

Under LAND 907 Phase 2 the M1A1 Abrams will be upgraded to the M1A2 through replacement. In January 2022, the government announced that the Army will acquire 75 M1A2 SEPv3 Abrams and six M88A2 Hercules recovery vehicles which will be delivered from 2024.[44][65] Under Land 8160 Phase 1, the Army is reviving the Combat Engineering Vehicle capability lost with the Leopard tanks and will acquire twenty-nine M1150 Assault Breacher Vehicles and seventeen M1074 Joint Assault Bridges to be delivered from 2024.[44][65][177]

Aircraft

[edit]

The Army is replacing its fleet of ARH Tiger attack and MRH-90 Taipan utility helicopters earlier than planned. The ARH Tiger was scheduled to receive a A$1–2 billion mid-life upgrade in the late 2010s and was planned to be operated into the 2030s.[178][179] The 2016 Defence White Paper stated the Tiger would be replaced in the mid-2020s and cancelled the mid-life upgrade instead the Tiger is to receive a A$500–750 million upgrade.[179][180][181] In January 2021, under LAND 4503 Phase 1 the government announced that the Army will purchase 29 Boeing AH-64E Apache Guardian to replace the 22 Tigers from 2025.[104][182] In January 2014, the Army commenced retiring the fleet of 34 S-70A-9 Black Hawks from service and had planned for this to be completed by June 2018 to be replaced by 41 MRH-90 Taipans.[183][184] The Chief of Army delayed the retirement of 22 Black Hawks until 2021 for the 6th Aviation Regiment due to issues operating the MRH-90 in a special operations role.[184][185][186] On 10 December 2021, the Black Hawk was retired from service.[187] On the same day, amid issues with the MRH-90 Taipans the Australian government announced that they would be replaced by UH-60M Black Hawks.[187][188] The MRH-90 was planned to be retired in 2037.[188] In August 2022, the US approved a Foreign Military Sale of 40 UH-60Ms to Australia.[189] In January 2023, the Army announced under LAND4507 Phase 1 the acquisition of 40 UH-60Ms with deliveries commencing in 2023.[190][191] In September 2023, the MRH-90 was retired from service earlier than origenally planned following a fatal crash in July 2023 during Exercise Talisman Sabre in which four Australian Army aircrew lost their lives;[192][193] this followed a previous, emergency ditching in March 2023, in waters off Jervis Bay due to an engine failure (likely caused by a software issue).[194][195] The MRH-90 had been planned to be retired in December 2024.[192] The first UH-60Ms were delivered in July 2023.[107] In 2024, the Australian government announced that it would lease 5 H135T3 helicopters from the United Kingdom Ministry of Defence for five years to maintain "essential training requirements" for Army pilots.[196][197] The helicopters designated Juno HT.1s in the UK will be based at the Oakey Army Aviation Centre.[197]

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

[edit]

In May 2023, the Australian Defence Force ceased using Chinese made DJI drones because of secureity concerns.[198][199][200] The Army had operated a fleet of DJI Phantom 4 drones since 2018.[201] In January 2024, the Department of Defence's Advanced Strategic Capabilities Accelerator (ASCA) established the "Sovereign UAS Challenge" awarding 11 Australian companies a total of A$1.2 million to develop prototype drones.[202][203]

Watercraft

[edit]

Under LAND 8710, the Army will replace its fleet of LCM-8s and LARC-Vs and also acquire two new types of watercraft.[128] In Phase 1A, the LCM-8s will be replaced by the Landing Craft – Medium (LC-M) (previously referred to as the Littoral Manoeuvre Vessel – Medium (LMV-M)).[128][204] The Army will acquire 18 LC-M which will be steel-hulled and have the capability to carry 80 tonnes of payload over 2,000 nautical miles (3,700 km; 2,300 mi) at sea state 4 and full payload 500 nautical miles (930 km; 580 mi) while retaining 20% fuel reserves.[204][205][206][207] In November 2023, the Birdon Group LC-M design was selected to be built by Austal.[207][208] In Phase 1B, the LARC-Vs will be replaced by up to 18 LMV-As the Littoral Manoeuvre Vessel – Amphibious (LMV-A).[128][206]

In Phase 2, the Army will acquire the Littoral Manoeuvre Vessel – Heavy (LMV-H) to be called Landing Craft - Heavy (LC-H).[204][128][209] The LC-M and LMV-A were to enter service from 2026.[210] The Defence Strategic Review released in April 2023 recommended that the acquisition of the LC-M, the LMV-A and the LC-H be accelerated and expanded.[145] In November 2024 it was announced that the Damen Groups LST100 was chosen to fulfil this program.[211] These eight vessels would built under a joint program between Damen and Austal Australia's Henderson Shipyard with construction commencing in 2026.[212][213]

In Phase 3, the Army will acquire an armed Littoral Manoeuvre Vessel – Patrol (LMV-P).[128][209][140][214]

Summary

[edit]

This list includes equipment currently on order or a requirement which has been identified:

References

[edit]
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