講
Appearance
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]講 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+10, 17 strokes, cangjie input 卜口廿廿月 (YRTTB), four-corner 05657, composition ⿰訁冓)
Derived characters
[edit]Related characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1175, character 24
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35824
- Dae Jaweon: page 1640, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4004, character 2
- Unihan data for U+8B1B
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 講 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 讲 | |
alternative forms | 𧪸 𧪿 廣/广 (kóng) Hokkien 嚝/𫩕 (kóng) Hokkien |
Glyph origen
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kroːŋʔ) : semantic 言 (“say”) + phonetic 冓 (OC *koː, *koːs).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jiang3
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җён (ži͡on, II)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): gong3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): jiang2
- Northern Min (KCR): gǒ̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): gōng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 5cian / 5kaon
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gan3 / jian3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄤˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎng
- Wade–Giles: chiang3
- Yale: jyǎng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeang
- Palladius: цзян (czjan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: jiang3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giang
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiaŋ⁵³/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җён (ži͡on, II)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gong2
- Yale: góng
- Cantonese Pinyin: gong2
- Guangdong Romanization: gong2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔːŋ³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: gong2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: gong3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔŋ²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kóng
- Hakka Romanization System: gongˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gong3
- Sinological IPA: /koŋ³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: gongˊ
- Sinological IPA: /koŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: jiang2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiaŋ⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gǒ̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gōng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kouŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- kóng - vernacular;
- káng - literary.
Note: 5kaon - vernacular.
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: gan3 / jian3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kan⁴¹/, /t͡ɕi̯æn⁴¹/
- (Changsha)
Note:
- gan3 - vernacular;
- jian3 - literary.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: kaewngX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤroŋʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kroːŋʔ/
Definitions
[edit]講
- to say; to talk; to speak; to tell
- to explain; to lecture
- to discuss; to negotiate
- (literary) to make peace; to reconcile
- to emphasise; to pay attention to; to take into account
- 講衛生/讲卫生 ― jiǎng wèishēng ― to pay attention to hygiene
- 不講武德/不讲武德 ― bù jiǎng wǔdé ― to not obey ethics of martial arts
- 依小弟看來:講學問的只講學問,不必問功名;講功名的只講功名,不必問學問。若是兩樣都要講,弄到後來,一樣也做不成! [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- From: Wu Jingzi, The Scholars, 1750 CE
- Yī xiǎodì kànlái: jiǎng xuéwèn de zhǐ jiǎng xuéwèn, bùbì wèn gōngmíng; jiǎng gōngmíng de zhǐ jiǎng gōngmíng, bùbì wèn xuéwèn. Ruòshì liǎngyàng dōu yào jiǎng, nòng dào hòulái, yī yàng yě zuò bù chéng! [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
依小弟看来:讲学问的只讲学问,不必问功名;讲功名的只讲功名,不必问学问。若是两样都要讲,弄到后来,一样也做不成! [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
- regarding; concerning
- (Hokkien) Used after a verb to introduce a clause that is the object of the verb: that
- 我感覺講我無應該聽這个歹人講話 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
- From: 2010, 徐立妍 (Arlene Li-yen Hsu), 《刣死一隻鳥仔》閩南語譯文 (Taiwanese Translation of To Kill A Mockingbird), in 閩南語翻譯問題初探—以《刣死一隻鳥仔》為例 (A Preliminary Analysis of the Issues of Taiwanese Translations: A Case Study of the Taiwanese Translation of To Kill A Mockingbird), page 102
- Góa kám-kak kóng góa bô èng-kai thiaⁿ chit ê pháiⁿ-lâng kóng-ōe [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
- I had a feeling that I shouldn't be here listening to this sinful man
我感觉讲我无应该听这个歹人讲话 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
- Classifier for lectures.
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 不講情理 / 不讲情理
- 不講究 / 不讲究
- 不講道理 / 不讲道理
- 世講 / 世讲
- 串講 / 串讲 (chuànjiǎng)
- 主講 / 主讲 (zhǔjiǎng)
- 亂講 / 乱讲 (luànjiǎng)
- 五講四美 / 五讲四美
- 侍講 / 侍讲
- 俗講 / 俗讲
- 助講 / 助讲
- 口講指畫 / 口讲指画
- 宣講 / 宣讲 (xuānjiǎng)
- 對講 / 对讲
- 對講機 / 对讲机 (duìjiǎngjī)
- 投戈講藝 / 投戈讲艺
- 明講 / 明讲 (míngjiǎng)
- 有講究 / 有讲究
- 歪談亂講 / 歪谈乱讲
- 沒講究 / 没讲究
- 演講 / 演讲 (yǎnjiǎng)
- 演講比賽 / 演讲比赛
- 直講 / 直讲
- 瞎講 / 瞎讲
- 瞎講八講 / 瞎讲八讲
- 經筵講官 / 经筵讲官
- 聽講 / 听讲 (tīngjiǎng)
- 胡講 / 胡讲
- 講交情 / 讲交情
- 講人情 / 讲人情
- 講信修睦 / 讲信修睦
- 講倒 / 讲倒
- 講價 / 讲价 (jiǎngjià)
- 講價錢 / 讲价钱 (jiǎng jiàqián)
- 講口 / 讲口
- 講史 / 讲史
- 講古 / 讲古 (jiǎnggǔ)
- 講台 (jiǎngtái)
- 講古論今 / 讲古论今
- 講和 / 讲和 (jiǎnghé)
- 講唱文學 / 讲唱文学
- 講堂 / 讲堂 (jiǎngtáng)
- 講壇 / 讲坛 (jiǎngtán)
- 講妥 / 讲妥
- 講學 / 讲学 (jiǎngxué)
- 講實際 / 讲实际
- 講師 / 讲师 (jiǎngshī)
- 講席 / 讲席 (jiǎngxí)
- 講座 / 讲座 (jiǎngzuò)
- 講情 / 讲情
- 講授 / 讲授 (jiǎngshòu)
- 講排場 / 讲排场 (jiǎngpáichǎng)
- 講敘 / 讲叙
- 講明 / 讲明 (jiǎngmíng)
- 講書 / 讲书 (jiǎngshū)
- 講桌 / 讲桌 (jiǎngzhuō)
- 講武 / 讲武
- 講殿 / 讲殿
- 講求 / 讲求 (jiǎngqiú)
- 講法 / 讲法 (jiǎngfǎ)
- 講演 / 讲演 (jiǎngyǎn)
- 講理 / 讲理 (jiǎnglǐ)
- 講盤兒 / 讲盘儿
- 講盤子 / 讲盘子
- 講禮貌 / 讲礼貌 (jiǎng lǐmào)
- 講稿 / 讲稿 (jiǎnggǎo)
- 講究 / 讲究
- 講經 / 讲经 (jiǎngjīng)
- 講經文 / 讲经文
- 講經說法 / 讲经说法
- 講美 / 讲美 (Jiǎngměi)
- 講義 / 讲义 (jiǎngyì)
- 講習 / 讲习 (jiǎngxí)
- 講習會 / 讲习会 (jiǎngxíhuì)
- 講臺 / 讲台 (jiǎngtái)
- 講衛生 / 讲卫生
- 講解 / 讲解 (jiǎngjiě)
- 講評 / 讲评 (jiǎngpíng)
- 講話 / 讲话 (jiǎnghuà)
- 講課 / 讲课 (jiǎngkè)
- 講論 / 讲论
- 講讀 / 讲读
- 講貫 / 讲贯
- 講述 / 讲述 (jiǎngshù)
- 講透 / 讲透
- 講道 / 讲道 (jiǎngdào)
- 講道理 / 讲道理 (jiǎng dàolǐ)
- 講面子 / 讲面子
- 講頭兒 / 讲头儿
- 講題 / 讲题 (jiǎngtí)
- 起講 / 起讲
- 都講 / 都讲
- 閑講 / 闲讲
- 開講 / 开讲 (kāijiǎng)
- 雞同鴨講 / 鸡同鸭讲 (jītóngyājiǎng)
- 黑白講 / 黑白讲
Descendants
[edit]Others:
References
[edit]- “講”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03874
- “Entry #12403”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 講 | |
Kyūjitai [1][2] |
講󠄁 講+ 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
|
講󠄃 講+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]講
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)←こう (kou, historical)
- Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)←かう (kau, historical)
- Kun: はかる (hakaru)、はなしあう (hanashiau)
- Nanori: つぐ (tsugu)、のり (nori)、みち (michi)、みな (mina)
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]- reading or lecture
- reading of sacred scriptures by Buddhist monks
- 法華八講
- hokke hakkō
- reading of the eight scrolls of the Lotus Sutra
- 法華八講
- gathering of monks and laity for Buddhist rites
- 涅槃講
- nehan kō
- rites on February 15, the death day of the Buddha
- 涅槃講
- lay association of Buddhist or Shinto believers
- mutual financial assistance association
- いわゆる「ネズミ講」を運営したとして、無限連鎖講防止法違反の疑いが持たれています。
- Iwayuru “nezumi-kō” o un'ei shita toshite, mugenrensakō bōshihō ihan no utagai gamotareteimasu.
- He is being held on suspicion of violating the Law on Prevention of Pyramid Schemes for operating a so-called "Mouse Mutual Assistance Association."
- いわゆる「ネズミ講」を運営したとして、無限連鎖講防止法違反の疑いが持たれています。
References
[edit]- ^ “講”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
- ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, , page 1134 (paper), page 580 (digital)
- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 강의 (講義, gang'ui, “lecture”)
- 강사 (講師, gangsa, “lecturer”)
- 강당 (講堂, gangdang, “lecture hall; auditorium”)
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]講: Hán Nôm readings: giảng, nhãng
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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