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U+96E2, 離
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96E2

[U+96E1]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+96E3]
U+F9EA, 離
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9EA

[U+F9E9]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F9EB]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 172, +10, 18 strokes, cangjie input 卜月人土 (YBOG), four-corner 00414, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1369, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42140
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1875, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4106, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+96E2

Chinese

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trad.
simp. *

Glyph origen

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *reːls, *rel, *rels) : phonetic (OC *rel, *r̥ʰel) + semantic (bird)black-naped oriole (Oriolus chinensis). This sense is preserved in the compound 離黃.

Phonetically borrowed for the sense "to depart".

The 3rd trigram, formed of over and
The 30th hexagram, formed of and

Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g(r/l)aːj (scatter, sow, dispersedly widely; wide; star) (STEDT). See (OC *l̥ʰjalʔ, “extravagant”) for more.

Pronunciation 1

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Note: lei6 - rare (e.g. 離群索居离群索居).

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /li³⁵/
Harbin /li²⁴/
Tianjin /li⁴⁵/
Jinan /li⁴²/
Qingdao /li⁴²/
Zhengzhou /li⁴²/ ~婚
/li³¹²/ ~開
Xi'an /li²⁴/ ~別
/li⁴⁴/ ~開
Xining /l̩²⁴/
Yinchuan /li⁵³/
Lanzhou /li⁵³/
Ürümqi /li⁵¹/
Wuhan /ni²¹³/
Chengdu /ni³¹/
Guiyang /ni²¹/
Kunming /li³¹/
Nanjing /li²⁴/
/li⁴⁴/
Hefei /zz̩⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /li¹¹/
Pingyao /li¹³/ ~別
/li³⁵/ 分開了
Hohhot /li³¹/
Wu Shanghai /li²³/
Suzhou /li¹³/
Hangzhou /li¹³/
Wenzhou /lei³¹/
Hui Shexian /li⁴⁴/
Tunxi /li⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /li¹³/
Xiangtan /ni¹²/
Gan Nanchang /li⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /li¹¹/
Taoyuan /li¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /lei²¹/
Nanning /li²¹/
Hong Kong /lei²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /li³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /lie⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /li⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /li⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /li³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/3
Initial () (37)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter lje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/liᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun
/liɛ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ljɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/liə̆/
Li
Rong
/lie/
Wang
Li
/lǐe/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/lie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
lei4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ lje › ‹ lje ›
Old
Chinese
/*[r]aj/ /*[r]aj/
English meet with, encounter depart from

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/3
No. 7780
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*rel/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. to leave; to depart
  2. to go away
  3. to separate
  4. (colloquial) to divorce
  5. away from
  6. , the 3rd of the 8 trigrams
  7. , the 30th of the 64 I Ching hexagrams
  8. Alternative form of (, to suffer; to be hit with; to encounter)
  9. Alternative form of  / ()
  10. a surname
Synonyms
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Compounds

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Descendants

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  • Vietnamese: lìa

References

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Pronunciation 2

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Rime
Character
Reading # 2/3
Initial () (37)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter ljeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/liᴇH/
Pan
Wuyun
/liɛH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ljɛH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/liə̆H/
Li
Rong
/lieH/
Wang
Li
/lǐeH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/lie̯H/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
lei6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ ljeH ›
Old
Chinese
/*raj-s/
English reject

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 3/3
No. 7794
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*rels/

Definitions

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  1. Used in 離支离支 (lìzhī, “lychee”).
  2. (obsolete) to reject; to discard

Pronunciation 3

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Rime
Character
Reading # 3/3
Initial () (37)
Final () (39)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () IV
Fanqie
Baxter lejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/leiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/leiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/lɛiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/lɛjH/
Li
Rong
/leiH/
Wang
Li
/lieiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/lieiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
lai6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3
No. 7779
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*reːls/

Definitions

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  1. Alternative form of  / (to adhere; to attach to)

Pronunciation 4

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Definitions

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  1. Only used in 離跂离跂.

Pronunciation 5

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Definitions

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  1. Alternative form of (chī, a kind of dragon)
  2. Alternative form of (a kind of legendary beast)

Pronunciation 6

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Definitions

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  1. Only used in 離瞀离瞀.

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jōyō kanji)

  1. separate, detach, digress

Readings

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Compounds

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Korean

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Yakja (略字, simplified form) of 離.

Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese (MC lje|ljeH). Recorded as Middle Korean (li) (Yale: li) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

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  • (initial position)
    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [i(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
  • (non-initial position)

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 떠날 (tteonal ri), word-initial (South Korea) 떠날 (tteonal i))

  1. hanja form? of [[/#Korean:_離|/]] (to leave)
  2. hanja form? of [[/#Korean:_離|/]] (separation; departure)
  3. hanja form? of [[/#Korean:_離|/]] (division)

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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Related to Middle Chinese / (MC trhje).

Hanja

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(eumhun 교룡(蛟龍) )
(eumhun 맹수(猛獸) )

  1. (literary Chinese) Alternative form of (hanja form? of (a kind of dragon))
  2. (literary Chinese) Alternative form of (hanja form? of (a kind of legendary beast))

Etymology 3

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Related to Middle Chinese / (MC lejH).

Hanja

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(eumhun 붙을 (buteul ryeo), word-initial (South Korea) 붙을 (buteul yeo))
(eumhun 나란히 (naranhi hal ryeo), word-initial (South Korea) 나란히 (naranhi hal yeo))

  1. (literary Chinese) Alternative form of (hanja form? of [[/#Korean:_離|/]] (to adhere))
  2. (literary Chinese) Alternative form of (hanja form? of [[/#Korean:_離|/]] (in pair))

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: li, ly, le, , , lìa, lia

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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