-igo

See also: igo, IGO, and Igo

Ido

Suffix

-igo

1. Suffix added (1) to an adjective or noun to form a transitive verb denoting: to make, render or transform into; (2.1) to an intransitive verb to give it an active sense; (2.2) to a transitive verb, to give a passive sense (i.e. igar -ata), usually followed by the preposition da.

Derived terms

Ido terms suffixed with -igo

Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *-agāō, suffixed form of Proto-Italic *agō. Doublet of agō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /i.ɡoː/, [ɪɡoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /i.ɡo/, [iɡo] (stressed on the antepenult)

Suffix

-igō (present infinitive -igāre, perfect active -igāvī, supine -igātum); first conjugation

2. Enlargement of -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).

   ‎fūmus + ‎-igō → ‎fūmigō

   ‎līs (oblique stem: līt-) + ‎-igō → ‎lītigō

   ‎rēmus + ‎-igō → ‎rēmigō

   ‎fūstis + ‎-igō → ‎fūstīgō (long i due to i-stem)

   ‎nāvis + ‎-igō → ‎nāvigō (short i due to being from *naw-s, not an i-stem)

Conjugation

   Conjugation of -igō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	-igō	-igās	-igat	-igāmus	-igātis	-igant
	imperfect	-igābam	-igābās	-igābat	-igābāmus	-igābātis	-igābant
	future	-igābō	-igābis	-igābit	-igābimus	-igābitis	-igābunt
	perfect	-igāvī	-igāvistī	-igāvit	-igāvimus	-igāvistis	-igāvērunt, -igāvēre
	pluperfect	-igāveram	-igāverās	-igāverat	-igāverāmus	-igāverātis	-igāverant
	future perfect	-igāverō	-igāveris	-igāverit	-igāverimus	-igāveritis	-igāverint
	sigmatic future1	-igāssō	-igāssis	-igāssit	-igāssimus	-igāssitis	-igāssint
passive	present	-igor	-igāris, -igāre	-igātur	-igāmur	-igāminī	-igantur
	imperfect	-igābar	-igābāris, -igābāre	-igābātur	-igābāmur	-igābāminī	-igābantur
	future	-igābor	-igāberis, -igābere	-igābitur	-igābimur	-igābiminī	-igābuntur
	perfect	-igātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	-igātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	-igātus + future active indicative of sum
	sigmatic future1	-igāssor	-igāsseris	-igāssitur	—	—	—
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	-igem	-igēs	-iget	-igēmus	-igētis	-igent
imperfect	-igārem	-igārēs	-igāret	-igārēmus	-igārētis	-igārent
perfect	-igāverim	-igāverīs	-igāverit	-igāverīmus	-igāverītis	-igāverint
pluperfect	-igāvissem	-igāvissēs	-igāvisset	-igāvissēmus	-igāvissētis	-igāvissent
sigmatic aorist1	-igāssim	-igāssīs	-igāssīt	-igāssīmus	-igāssītis	-igāssint
passive	present	-iger	-igēris, -igēre	-igētur	-igēmur	-igēminī	-igentur
imperfect	-igārer	-igārēris, -igārēre	-igārētur	-igārēmur	-igārēminī	-igārentur
perfect	-igātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect	-igātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	-igā	—	—	-igāte	—
	future	—	-igātō	-igātō	—	-igātōte	-igantō
passive	present	—	-igāre	—	—	-igāminī	—
	future	—	-igātor	-igātor	—	—	-igantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		-igāre	-igāvisse	-igātūrum esse	-igārī, -igārier2	-igātum esse	-igātum īrī
participles		-igāns	—	-igātūrus	—	-igātus	-igandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		-igandī	-igandō	-igandum	-igandō	-igātum	-igātū

¹At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.
²The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Derived terms

Latin terms suffixed with -igo (denominative)

References

• “-igō¹” on page 825/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

Etymology 2

A metanalysis of vertex + nasal suffix *-n- > *vertign- > *vertīgin- > vertīgō (“gyration, dizziness”) as vertō (“to turn”) + -īgō. Compare -ūgō (suffix forming nouns).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈiː.ɡoː/, [ˈiːɡoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈi.ɡo/, [ˈiːɡo] (stressed on the penult)

Suffix

-īgō f (genitive -īginis); third declension

2. Suffixed to nouns and to verbs, forms nouns usually denoting diseased conditions.

   ‎impetō + ‎-īgō → ‎impetīgō

   ‎prūriō + ‎-īgō → ‎prūrīgō

   ‎rōbus + ‎-īgō → ‎rōbīgō

   ‎scaturriō + ‎-īgō → ‎scaturrīgō

Declension

Third-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	-īgō	-īginēs
genitive	-īginis	-īginum
dative	-īginī	-īginibus
accusative	-īginem	-īginēs
ablative	-īgine	-īginibus
vocative	-īgō	-īginēs

Derived terms

Latin terms suffixed with -igo (noun)

Descendants

• Italian: -igine
• Sicilian: -ìniga, -ìnija

References

• “-īgō²” on page 825/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i.jo/

Suffix

-iġo

1. inflection of -iġ:
   1. strong nominative feminine singular
   2. strong nominative/accusative neuter plural