kepada

Indonesian

Etymology

Affixed ke- +‎ pada, from Malay kepada (“to (a person)”), from Classical Malay kepada (“to (a place)”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kəˈpada/
• Hyphenation: kê‧pa‧da
• Rhymes: -da, -a

Preposition

kêpada

1. to (a person)

   Mohon, kirimlah salamku kepada ibuku.

   Please, send my regards to my mother.

   Kirim dong salam aku ke ibu aku.

Usage notes

• For “to” in the senses of “to a place”, the preposition ke is used.

Malay

Etymology

From ke (“to”) + pada (“at”).

Pronunciation

• (Johor-Riau) IPA^(key): [kə.pa.də]

  • Audio (Malaysia):

    (file)

  • Rhymes: -də, -ə
• (Baku) IPA^(key): [kə.pa.da]

  • Audio (Malaysia):

    (file)

  • Rhymes: -da, -a
• Hyphenation: ke‧pa‧da

Preposition

kepada (Jawi spelling کڤد)

1. To, at, towards:
   1. In the direction of (used with animate and abstract objects).

      Synonyms: pada, ke, dekat

      Bola itu dibaling kepada Adam.

      The ball was thrown to Adam.

   2. Used to indicate the target or recipient of an action.

      Synonyms: pada, terhadap, akan, dekat

      Jangan marah kepada adik kamu.

      Don't be angry at your little sibling.

Usage notes

For the first usage, with inanimate objects, the preposition ke is used instead.

Further reading

• “kepada” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.