minden
Dutch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Verb
[edit]minden
- inflection of minnen:
Hungarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]First attested in the early 13th century. Lexicalization of mind (“all”) + -en (suffix to form adverbs of manner or pronouns).[1]
Determiner
[edit]minden
- every (used with the noun in singular)
- Synonyms: mindegyik, minden egyes
Usage notes
[edit]It is currently used with the singular (like the term every in English). However, it occasionally occurs with the plural form in a handful of archaic structures: mindenekelőtt (“first of all”, literally “before everything”), minden oroszok cárja (“the Tsar of all the Russias”, literally “…of all Russians”), where the current standard form would have orosz, and minden világok legjobbika (“best of all worlds”), where the present-day standard form would have világ. See also the Usage notes at összes (“all”).
Derived terms
[edit]See also the terms derived from minden as a pronoun (below).
Pronoun
[edit]minden
- all, everything
- Megvettél mindent, amit akartál? ― Did you buy everything you wanted?
- construed with sok, több, mi, ennyi, annyi: thing (referring to numerous items together, possibly the totality of the set)
- Synonym: dolog
- Sok mindent tudnék mesélni. ― I could tell you about a lot of things.
Usage notes
[edit]When the pronoun mind (“all”) is the object, it is a definite object: mindet megnézem (“I’ll have a look at all [of them]”). On the other hand, the pronoun minden (“everything”) is indefinite as an object: mindent megnézek (“I’ll have a look at everything”).
Declension
[edit]- The plural forms are archaic.
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | minden | mindenek |
accusative | mindent | mindeneket |
dative | mindennek | mindeneknek |
instrumental | mindennel | mindenekkel |
causal-final | mindenért | mindenekért |
translative | mindenné | mindenekké |
terminative | mindenig | mindenekig |
essive-formal | mindenként | mindenekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | mindenben | mindenekben |
superessive | mindenen | mindeneken |
adessive | mindennél | mindeneknél |
illative | mindenbe | mindenekbe |
sublative | mindenre | mindenekre |
allative | mindenhez | mindenekhez |
elative | mindenből | mindenekből |
delative | mindenről | mindenekről |
ablative | mindentől | mindenektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
mindené | mindeneké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
mindenéi | mindenekéi |
Possessive forms of minden | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | mindenem | — |
2nd person sing. | mindened | — |
3rd person sing. | mindene | — |
1st person plural | mindenünk | — |
2nd person plural | mindenetek | — |
3rd person plural | mindenük | — |
Derived terms
[edit]See also the terms derived from minden as a determiner (above).
Etymology 2
[edit]mind (“all [of them]”) + -en (“on”, superessive suffix)
Pronoun
[edit]minden
- superessive singular of mind
- Sok jó viccet mondott, szinte minden nevettünk. ― S/he told a lot of good jokes; we laughed at almost all of them.
Etymology 3
[edit]mind (“all [of them]”) + -en (adverb-forming suffix)
Adverb
[edit]minden (not comparable)
- (dialectal) Synonym of mindnyájan or mindannyian
References
[edit]- ^ minden in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origen of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- minden in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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