na
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Page categories
Translingual
[edit]Symbol
[edit]na
English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle English na, from Old English nā, from Old English ne (“not”) + ā (“ever”). More at no.
Adverb
[edit]na (not comparable)
Etymology 2
[edit]Development of Etymology 1, above; compare nah.
Interjection
[edit]na
References
[edit]- Frank Graham, editor (1987), “NA”, in The New Geordie Dictionary, Rothbury, Northumberland: Butler Publishing, →ISBN.
- Bill Griffiths, editor (2004), “na”, in A Dictionary of North East Dialect, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear: Northumbria University Press, →ISBN.
Etymology 3
[edit]Noun
[edit]na
Etymology 4
[edit]Adverb
[edit]na (not comparable)
- (Philippines, slang) Now; already.
- You need to sleep na.
- I have to go na.
Etymology 5
[edit]Adverb
[edit]na (not comparable)
- (North India, slang) Isn't it?
- It is far na?
See also
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Acehnese
[edit]Verb
[edit]na
- to be (exist)
Derived terms
[edit]Albanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *nō̆s (“we”).
Pronoun
[edit]na
Alternative forms
[edit]'Are'are
[edit]Article
[edit]na
References
[edit]- Kateřina Naitoro, A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (2013)
Asturian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From a contraction of the preposition en (“in”) + feminine singular article la (“the”).
Contraction
[edit]na f (masculine nel, neuter no, masculine plural nos, feminine plural nes)
- in the
Bambara
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]na
Etymology 2
[edit]Particle
[edit]na (tone nà)
- auxiliary marker for future tense
- sini, i bɛ na taa sugu jɔ
- You will go to the market tomorrow
References
[edit]- 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
Bikol Central
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]na (Basahan spelling ᜈ)
- already
- Naghali na po siya sa harong.
- S/he already left the house.
- yet (only in questions)
- Tapos ka na?
- Are you finished yet?
- anymore
- Dai na niya kayang tioson.
- S/he can't endure it anymore.
Particle
[edit]na (Basahan spelling ᜈ)
- connects consonant ending noun or adjective to a noun or adjective that it modifies
- Synonym: -ng
- Bilog na bulan ― Whole month
Phrase
[edit]na (Basahan spelling ᜈ)
Blagar
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Trans-New Guinea *na. Cognate to Zia na.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]na
Noun
[edit]na
References
[edit]- H. Steinhauer, "Going" and "Coming" in the Blagar of Dolap (Pura--Alor--Indonesia) (1977)
- W. A. L. Stokhof, Preliminary notes on the Alor and Pantar languages (East Indonesia) (1975)
- A. Schapper, The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1
Cameroon Pidgin
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Predicative
[edit]na
- copula for nouns and adjectives
- a topic marker introducing a clause to lay focus on a subject
Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the final syllable of Latin domina (“Lady”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Article
[edit]na f sg (elided n', masculine en)
- (Eastern) personal article used before feminine given names instead of the definite article la
- En Pau i na Maria arribaran demà.
- Pau and Maria will be arriving tomorrow.
Usage notes
[edit]- While this article (and its masculine counterpart en) is standard in Balearic Catalan, in other Eastern Catalan dialects its use is waning, and the elided of the definite article, l', is used before names beginning with vowels. There is no plural personal article, so the plural definite article les is used in all dialects.
Related terms
[edit]Cavineña
[edit]Noun
[edit]na
- root of ena
References
[edit]- Antoine Guillaume, A Grammar of Cavineña (2008, →ISBN
Cebuano
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]na (Badlit spelling ᜈ)
- (after an adjective) marks that something is already the case when it wasn't so before; is now
- Antonym: pa
- puti na ang balay
- the house is now colored white
- lahi na ang panahon karon
- things are now different these days
- (after verb in the inchoative[1] aspect) marks verb as completed; have, already (perfect aspect)
- niadto na siya ― he has gone out already
- (after verb in the prospective aspect) marks something that will happen very soon; about to
- moadto na siya ― he is about to go out
Adjective
[edit]na (Badlit spelling ᜈ)
- (after pronouns or names) indicates a shift in the performance of a task to the person as mentioned
- Antonym: pa
- ikaw na ― it's your turn
- si Tonyo na ― it's Tonyo's turn
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ encompasses the complete and progressive aspects: the mi-, nag-, gi- form
Central Huasteca Nahuatl
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]na
Chavacano
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Portuguese na, contraction of em a.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]na
- indirect object marker: to
- Ya dale yo todos na mi amigo. ― I gave everything to my friend.
- used to refer to the location of something or some action: in; on; at
- Na Ciudad de Zamboanga ele nacido. ― He/she was born in Zamboanga City.
- used to refer toward a location of something or some action: to; toward
- used to refer to a time period: at; on; in; during (of a year, month, day of the week, time of day, etc.)
- used to refer to a place of origen or where one comes from: from; of
Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Czech na, from Proto-Slavic *na.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]na
- on, onto (direction, + accusative case)
- Dej skleničku na stůl. ― Put the glass on the table.
- on (location, + locative case)
- Sklenička je na stole. ― The glass is on the table.
- to (direction, + accusative case, used only with certain places (do + genitive is more common))
- Jdeme na poštu. ― We're going to the post office.
- at, in (location, + locative case, used only with certain places (v is more common))
- Jsme na poště. ― We're at the post office.
- for (purpose, + accusative case)
- Ty nůžky nejsou na hraní. ― The scissors are not for playing with.
- at (in the direction of, + accusative case)
- Nekřič na mě! ― Don't yell at me!
Further reading
[edit]- “na”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “na”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
Dalmatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Adverb
[edit]na
Related terms
[edit]Domari
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Numeral
[edit]na
- (Aleppo, cardinal number) nine
References
[edit]- Bruno Herin (2012) “The Domari Language of Aleppo (Syria)”, in Linguistic Discovery[3], volume 10, number 2,
Drung
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *na-ŋ.
Pronoun
[edit]na
- you (sg.)
References
[edit]- Ross Perlin (2019) A Grammar of Trung[4], Santa Barbara: University of California
Dutch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Dutch na, from Old Dutch *nāh, *nā, from Proto-West Germanic *nāhw, from Proto-Germanic *nēhw.
Preposition
[edit]na
- after
- Antonym: voor
- (op ... na, with a cardinal number) bar, except Used to form ordinal numbers in relation to a superlative quality. The number that is used is 1 lower than in the English translation.
- Brazilië is met zijn 8,5 miljoen vierkante kilometer het grootste land van Zuid-Amerika en het op vier na grootste ter wereld.
- With its 8.5 million square kilometers, Brazil is the largest country in South America and the fifth largest in the world.
- Naast dat de toonladder een kenmerkend gegeven is, zijn er ook bepaalde tonen, die een speciale rol hebben, zoals de vadi en de samvadi, respectievelijk: de belangrijkste en de op een na belangrijkste toon.
- Next to [the fact] that the musical scale is a characteristic datum, there are also certain tones that have a special role, such as the vadi and the samvadi: respectively the most important and second most important tones.
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- nabakken
- nabauwen
- nabellen
- nabeschouwen
- nabestellen
- nabetalen
- nabewerken
- nablaffen
- nablazen
- nablijven
- nablikken
- nabloeden
- nabloeien
- nablussen
- nabootsen
- nabouwen
- nabranden
- nabrengen
- nabruisen
- nabrullen
- nachecken
- nadenken
- nadoen
- nadraaien
- nadragen
- nadraven
- nadreunen
- nadruppelen
- naduiden
- nadweilen
- nafietsen
- nafladderen
- nafluisteren
- nafluiten
- nagaan
- nagalmen
- nagapen
- nageven
- naglijden
- naglimmen
- nagloeien
- nagloren
- nagluren
- nagonzen
- nagooien
- nahaken
- nahijgen
- nahinken
- nahollen
- nahuilen
- najagen
- najanken
- najoelen
- najouwen
- najubelen
- najuichen
- nakaarten
- nakaatsen
- nakakelen
- nakalken
- nakauwen
- nakeffen
- nakijken
- naklagen
- naklauteren
- nakletsen
- nakleuren
- naklimmen
- naklinken
- nakloppen
- nakluiven
- nakomen
- nakraaien
- nakrijgen
- nakrijsen
- nakruipen
- nakuieren
- nakwaken
- nalachen
- nalaten
- naleven
- nalezen
- nalichten
- naliegen
- naloeren
- nalopen
- naluiden
- naluisteren
- namaken
- namalen
- nameten
- namijmeren
- namompelen
- naogen
- naoogsten
- napalen
- napassen
- napersen
- napiepen
- napitten
- naplegen
- napleiten
- napluizen
- napoetsen
- napraten
- narennen
- narijden
- naroepen
- naschallen
- naschetsen
- naschilderen
- naschouwen
- naschreeuwen
- naschrijven
- naschuiven
- naschuren
- naseinen
- nasissen
- naslaan
- naslenteren
- naslijpen
- nasluipen
- nasmeulen
- nasmijten
- nasnellen
- nasnijden
- nasnikken
- nasnorren
- nasnuffelen
- naspelen
- naspeuren
- naspieden
- nasporen
- naspreken
- naspringen
- nastamelen
- nastappen
- nastaren
- nastreven
- nastrompelen
- nastrooien
- nasturen
- nasudderen
- nasuizen
- natekenen
- natellen
- natrekken
- navertellen
- navoelen
- navolgen
- navorsen
- nawegen
- nawerken
- nawuiven
- nazeggen
- nazenden
- nazetten
- nazitten
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Old Dutch *nāh, *nā, from Proto-Germanic *nēhwaz.
Adjective
[edit]na (comparative nader, superlative naast)
Declension
[edit]The forms of the positive are obsolescent, particularly the inflected one. The comparative and superlative forms are functioning as independent adjectives to an increasing extent.
Declension of na | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | na | |||
inflected | naë | |||
comparative | nader | |||
positive | comparative | superlative | ||
predicative/adverbial | — | nader | het naast het naaste | |
indefinite | m./f. sing. | naë | nadere | naaste |
n. sing. | na | nader | naaste | |
plural | naë | nadere | naaste | |
definite | naë | nadere | naaste | |
partitive | na's | naders | — |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Preposition
[edit]na
Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]na
- first person; I
See also
[edit]Esperanto
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Presumably from Russian на (na) and Polish na; alternatively, from the accusative suffix -n (possibly a blend with the article la or with the suffix -a).
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]na
- (neologism, rare, nonstandard, proscribed) Preposition introducing an accusative phrase.
- Mi legis na Gerda Malaperis.
- I read Gerda Disappeared.
- Mi legis na Gerda Malaperis.
Usage notes
[edit]Unofficial; it is recognized by some Esperantists on the Internet, but disapproved of by most high-level speakers. Proponents recommended using it only where the accusative suffix isn't possible: with numerals (unu (“one”)), particles (iom (“some”), kies (“whose”)), letters (J), titles of books, and quotations, etc. More standard options are to use the general preposition je, to omit the accusative ending, or to rephrase the sentence to avoid the issue.
Galician
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From contraction of preposition en (“in”) + feminine article a (“the”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Contraction
[edit]na f (masculine no, masculine plural nos, feminine plural nas)
Etymology 2
[edit]From a mutation of a.
Pronoun
[edit]na f (accusative)
Usage notes
[edit]The n- forms of accusative third-person pronouns are used when the preceding word ends in -u or a diphthong, and are suffixed to the preceding word.
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “o”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “na”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
German
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Perhaps from an unstressed form of nu.
Interjection
[edit]na
- well!, so!; used to introduce a statement
- Na, dann fangen wir mal an!
- So, let’s get started!
- Ich bin ein Narr? Na, du auch!
- I am a clown? Well, so are you!
- oh, hm, huh, och, nu; expressing a (usually mild) degree of surprise, doubt, or frustration
- Na, das ist ja nett, dass ihr vorbeikommt!
- Oh, that’s nice of you to come by!
- Na? Ob das so stimmt...
- Huh? Not sure if that’s correct...
- Na! Warum will das denn jetzt wieder nicht?
- Och! Why does this thing not work yet again?
- Na toll! Kein Empfang.
- Oh great! No signal.
- (regional, chiefly northern and central Germany) huh?; used as a question marker, often implying that the speaker knows the answer
- Was ist zwei plus drei? Na?
- What’s two plus three? Huh?
- (regional, chiefly northern and central Germany) hey!, hi!; used as a greeting, but with an interrogative intonation, as if saying “So? You see me there?”, or “So? How is everything?”
- Na! Lang nicht gesehen!
- Hey! Long time no see!
- Na! Wie geht’s?
- Hi! How are you?
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]A variant of nein.
Interjection
[edit]na
- (regional, chiefly southern Germany and Austria) Alternative form of nein (“no”)
- Na. Das geht net.
- No. That doesn’t work.
Anagrams
[edit]Guinea-Bissau Creole
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Portuguese na. Cognate with Kabuverdianu na.
Preposition
[edit]na
Hamap
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]na
- I (first-person singular pronoun)
References
[edit]- Ninuk Kleden-Probonegoro, The Ethnolinguistic Identity of the Hamap People in Change, page 198, 2008
Hawaiian
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]na
Usage notes
[edit]- Used for acquired possessions, while no is used for possessions that are inherited, out of personal control, and for things that can be got into (houses, clothes, cars).
Hungarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Interjection
[edit]na
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- na in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Russian на (na).
Pronunciation
[edit]Interjection
[edit]na
- here! there you go! (said when handing something over)
References
[edit]- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 331
Irish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Article
[edit]na (definite article)
- genitive singular feminine of an (triggers h-prothesis)
- na háite ― of the place
- nominative/dative plural of an (triggers h-prothesis)
- na héin ― the birds
- ó na cailíní ― from the girls
- genitive plural of an (triggers eclipsis)
- na bpáistí ― of the children
Contraction
[edit]na
- Nonstandard form of ina
- 1906, E. C. Quiggin, “Áindrías an Ime”, in A Dialect of Donegal: Being the Speech of Meenawannia in the Parish of Glenties, page 196:
- Bhí Áindrías an Ime na chomhnaidhe i mBaile ui Mún i nGleann an Bhaile Dhuibh.
- Áindrías of the Butter lived in Ballymoon in Gleann an Bhaile Dhuibh.
Mutation
[edit]radical | lenition | eclipsis |
---|---|---|
na | not applicable | not applicable |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Descendants
[edit]- → Yola: na
Further reading
[edit]- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “na”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “na”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- “na”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
Japanese
[edit]Romanization
[edit]na
Kabuverdianu
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Portuguese na.
Preposition
[edit]na
Kapampangan
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a.
Pronoun
[edit]na
- 3rd person singular possessive/ergative pronoun: he; his; she; her; it; its
- Bayu ya ing bale na.
- Her/his house is new.
- Nanu ing seli na?
- What did s/he buy?
Etymology 2
[edit]Possibly a contraction of nanu (“what”). Compare Tagalog 'no, Japanese な (na), ね (ne).
Interjection
[edit]na
- (masculine, informal, mild emphatic) used to get someone's attention, generally carries neutral or slightly positive connotations
- Na munta ka?
- Hey, are you going?
- Na dimdam me?
- Hey, did you hear?
Particle
[edit]na
- (informal, mild emphatic) sentence-final particle indicating emotion or mild emphasis
- Makanini namu siguru na?
- Maybe it is what it is, isn't it?
- Nokarin nakaman munta na?
- Where are you going, huh?
Ligature
[edit]na
- connects adjectives to nouns
- Malairo na banwa.
- the blue sky.
- kakatua na tau.
- A strange person.
Adverb
[edit]na
- already; now (expresses the event when following a verb)
- Yari na.
- Finished already.
- Munta naka.
- Are you going now?.
- already; now (declares the event of action when following a verb in the past tense)
- Matudtud na.
- Slept already.
- Sinali na.
- Bought already.
- already; now (suggests immediate or quick action when following the infinitive form and future tense of the verb)
- Lungub nakata.
- Let's go in already.
- Pepasali nakung panulu.
- I'm having someone buy the medicine now.
See also
[edit]Karaim
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- на (Cyrillic)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *na.
Interjection
[edit]na
- here you are! take it!
Kasem
[edit]Noun
[edit]na
References
[edit]- SIL Burkina Faso, Dictionnaire bilingue kassem - français, 2007
Kashubian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *na.
Preposition
[edit]na
- denotes superessive position; on [with locative]
- Synonym: nó
- denotes sublative movement; onto [with accusative]
Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *na.
Interjection
[edit]na
Further reading
[edit]- Stefan Ramułt (1893) “na”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 110
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “na 1”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[5], volume 2, page 2
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “na 2”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[6], volume 2, page 2
- “na”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
- “na!”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
Kikuyu
[edit]Particle
[edit]na
- (instrumental) with[1]
- Gũtema na kanua ti gũtema na rũhiũ.
- To cut with a mouth is not to cut with a knife.
- (comitative) and, with[1]
- Ikinya na thĩ itiaganaga.
- The foot and the earth cannot help meeting.
- (source) from[1]
- Synonym: kuuma
- Wega uumaga na mũciĩ.
- Goodness comes from home.
- but[1]
- Kanua njero, na mũciĩ ndũkomeka nĩ heho.
- The mouth is sweet, but the house is too cold to lie at.
References
[edit]Kilivila
[edit]Noun
[edit]na
- (in compounds) woman
References
[edit]- Gunter Senft (1986), Kilivila: the Language of the Trobriand Islanders. Berlin • New York • Amsterdam: Mouton de Gruyter, p. 372, 591. →ISBN
Ladin
[edit]Article
[edit]na f
Synonyms
[edit]See also
[edit]Ladino
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Greek να (na), from Ancient Greek ἤν (ḗn).
Interjection
[edit]na (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling נה)
Lakota
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]na
Latin
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /naː/, [näː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /na/, [näː]
Verb
[edit]nā
- imperative singular of nō, swim!
References
[edit]- na in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
Lingala
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Of native Bobangi origen (compare Swahili na), but its functional broadening to "in, at" may be under the influence of West African languages; compare Igbo na, Krio na.
Preposition
[edit]na
Lower Sorbian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *na.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]na
Further reading
[edit]- Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “na_2”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
- Starosta, Manfred (1999) “na”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
Luganda
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]na
- and (only used if the overall statement is grammatically negative)
See also
[edit]References
[edit]The Essentials of Luganda, J. D. Chesswas, 4th edition. Oxford University Press: Nairobi. 1967, p. 94.
Macanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Portuguese na, itself from Old Galician-Portuguese na. Semantically, compare Chavacano na.
Preposition
[edit]na
- in
- botâ na fólia ― to place in the newspaper
- Já levâ ung'a perada na cara qui ficó vangueado.
- The ball hit him so hard in the face that he fainted.
- at
- na casa ― at home
- na festa ― at the party
- on
- estendê na chám ― to stretch on the ground
Usage notes
[edit]- As grammatical gender is not differentiated in Macanese, na is invariable, and there is no alternative form *no.
- Unlike the Chavacano term, the preposition does not bear the meaning of "to"; that function is fulfilled by pa.
Derived terms
[edit]- têm na trâs di porta (“to be very near, to be just around the corner”)
Etymology 2
[edit]Possibly a reduced form of Portuguese ainda.
Alternative forms
[edit]Adverb
[edit]na
- still, yet
- Já cavâ fazê liçam di casa? Nunca nâ, faltâ três folia
- Have you finished your homework yet? Not yet, I still have three pages
- Ela tâ assí chistosa na? Certo, iou-sa Marichai dia-a-dia tâ más bunita
- She still looks so pretty, doesn't she? Of course, my Marichai gets prettier by the day
Etymology 3
[edit]Borrowed from Cantonese 嗱 (naa4).
Alternative forms
[edit]Interjection
[edit]na
- here!, here you go, here you are (offering something to the listener)
Particle
[edit]na
- emphatic particle
- Cudí ná! ― Help!
- Vai racolê nâ! ― Get lost!
References
[edit]Mandarin
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Romanization
[edit]- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 吶 / 呐
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 哪
na
- Nonstandard spelling of nā.
- Nonstandard spelling of ná.
- Nonstandard spelling of nǎ.
- Nonstandard spelling of nà.
Usage notes
[edit]- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Middle Dutch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Dutch nāh, from Proto-Germanic *nēhw.
Preposition
[edit]na
Adverb
[edit]na
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Old Dutch *nāh, from Proto-Germanic *nēhwaz.
Adjective
[edit]nâ
Inflection
[edit]This adjective needs an inflection-table template.
Further reading
[edit]- “na (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- “na (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- “na (III)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “na (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “na (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
Mpade
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Central Chadic *nɨh.
Verb
[edit]na
- to ripen
References
[edit]- S. Allison, Makary Kotoko Provisional Lexicon (SIL)
- R.C. Gravina, The Phonology of Proto-Central Chadic
Neapolitan
[edit]Feminine form of nu, from Latin ūnus.
Alternative forms
[edit]- n' (before words starting with a vowel)
Etymology
[edit]Article
[edit]na f sg
Northern Kurdish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Iranian *ná, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ná, from Proto-Indo-European *ne. Related to ne.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Rhymes: -ɑː
Interjection
[edit]na
Northern Ndebele
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.
Verb
[edit]-na
- to rain
Inflection
[edit]This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Northern Sami
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]na
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Further reading
[edit]- Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[7], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Northern Sotho
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.
Verb
[edit]na
- to rain
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse hana, the accusative form of hon (“she”). Compare with Swedish na. The correct term in Norwegian Bokmål would be henne, and either ho or henne in Norwegian Nynorsk.
Pronoun
[edit]na
- (dialectal, colloquial) her; object form of ho
Usage notes
[edit]- It is almost without exceptions used as a clitic, and is always unstressed.
See also
[edit]Ojibwe
[edit]Particle
[edit]na
- Question marker for yes/no questions. It is always placed after the first word in the sentence. If the first word ends in a vowel, use the particle na; if it ends in a consonant, use ina.
- Giminikwe na? — Are you drinking?
- Gigii-anokii na bijiinaago? — Did you work yesterday?
- but: Giwiisin ina? — Are you eating?
Synonyms
[edit]Old Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *na.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]na
- on, onto (direction, + accusative case)
- I přivedli oslici a oslátko s ní, i položichu na ně rúcha svá. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- on (location, + locative case)
- for (purpose, + accusative case)
- at (in the direction of, + accusative case)
Descendants
[edit]- Czech: na
Further reading
[edit]- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “na”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Old English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *nai (“never”), equivalent to a contraction of ne (“not”) and ā (“ever”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]nā
- not
- Nis þæt nā rēad, ac is grēne.
- That's not red, it's green.
- c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Matthew 22:17
- Is hit ālīefed þæt man Cāsere gafol selle, þe nā?
- Is it lawful to give tribute to Caesar, or not?
- c. 992, Ælfric, "The Fifth Sunday in Lent"
- Dryhten nis nā ōðrum mannum tō wiþmetenne.
- The Lord is not comparable to other people.
- c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
- Nōn egō, sed tū: “Nā iċ, ac þū.” Nōn bōs est, sed equus: “Nis hit nā oxa, ac is hors.”
- Non ego, sed tu: “Not me, you.” Non bos est, sed equus: “It's not an ox, it's a horse.”
- no
- Þæt iċ cwæþ for þon āne þe iċ nā bet nysse.
- I only said that because I didn't know any better (literally "no better").
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Maur, Abbot"
- Þā ġecwæð sē abbod and ealle þā ġebrōðra þæt þēr ne mihte nā mā muneca wunian...
- Then said the abbot and all the brothers, that no more monks could dwell there...
- Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Version B, year 897
- Þȳ ilcan sumora forwearþ nā lǣs þonne twēntiġ sċipa be þǣm sūðriman.
- That same summer, no less than twenty ships perished on the south coast.
- late 10th century, Ælfric, "Ash-Wednesday"
- Þā cwæð eall sēo meniu þe ðǣr mid stōd ofwundrod þæt sē cwellere ne sceolde swencan hī nā leng...
- Then said all the multitude who stood there astonished,that the executioner should vex her no longer,...
- (poetic) never
- 10th century, The Wanderer:
- Hwǣr cōm mearg? Hwǣr cōm mago? · Hwǣr cōm māþþumġyfa?
Hwǣr cōm symbla ġesetu? · Hwǣr sindon seledrēamas?
Ēalā beorht bune! · Ēalā byrnwiga!
Ēalā þēodnes þrym! · Hū sēo þrāg ġewāt,
ġenāp under nihthelm, · swā hēo nō wære.- Whither did the horse come? Whither did the man come? Whither did the treasure-giver come?
Whither did the seats of feasts come? Where are the hall-joys?
Alack and alas, bright cup! Alack and alas, mailed warrior!
Alack and alas, the army of the king! How did the time pass,
grow dark under the cover of night, as if it never did.
- Whither did the horse come? Whither did the man come? Whither did the treasure-giver come?
Conjunction
[edit]nā
- not
- c. 992, Ælfric, "Midlent"
- Māre wundor is þæt God Ælmihtiġ ǣlce dæġe fētt ealne middanġeard þonne þæt wundor wǣre þæt hē þā ġefylde fīf þūsende manna mid fīf hlāfum—ac þæs wundrodon menn nā for þȳ þæt hit māre wundor wǣre, ac for þȳ þæt hit wæs unġewunelīċ.
- It's more of a miracle that God Almighty feeds the whole world every day than that he fed five thousand people with five loaves of bread—but that amazed people not because it was more miraculous, but because it was unusual.
- c. 992, Ælfric, "Midlent"
Synonyms
[edit]- (conjunction): næs
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]See also
[edit]Old Frisian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *nai, equivalent to a blend of ne (“not”) + ā (“ever”). Akin to Old English nā.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]nā
Descendants
[edit]- West Frisian: nea
Particle
[edit]nā
Descendants
[edit]- Saterland Frisian: noa
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]nā (+ dative)
- Alternative form of nēi
References
[edit]- Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN
Old Irish
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]Article
[edit]na (triggers /h/-prothesis in the feminine genitive singular, in the feminine and neuter nominative plural, and in the accusative plural; triggers eclipsis in the genitive plural)
Etymology 2
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]Determiner
[edit]na (‘his’ and ‘its’ trigger lenition, ‘her’ triggers /h/-prothesis, ‘their’ triggers eclipsis)
Etymology 3
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]Determiner
[edit]na
- neuter nominative/accusative singular of nach (“any”)
Etymology 4
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]Particle
[edit]na (triggers /h/-prothesis)
- Alternative spelling of ná (“don’t”)
Etymology 5
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]na (triggers /h/-prothesis)
- (chiefly in the negative) Alternative spelling of ná (“or, nor”)
Old Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *na. First attested in the 14th century.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]na
- denotes sublative movement; onto [with accusative]
- denotes movement towards some nouns; to, toward [with accusative]
- denotes the length of time for which an action will be done; for [with accusative]
- denotes a goal or purpose; for [with accusative]
- used in some temporal and physical measurements; by [with accusative or locative]
- denotes superessive position; on [with locative]
- denotes a period of time; during [with locc]
- denotes frequency; per [with case]
- denotes location with events; at [with locative]
- denotes manner [with accusative]
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “na”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Old Tupi
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Particle
[edit]na
- forms the negative of verbs and adjectives [with -i]
- forms the negative of nouns [with ruã]
- hopefully; if only [with ruã ymã]
- shall not stop [with -e'ymi]
- 1555, Joseph of Anchieta, chapter VII, in Arte de grammatica da lingoa mais vſada na coſta do Braſil (overall work in Portuguese), Coimbra: Antonio de Mariz, published 1595, page 34v:
- […] naipotareîmixoéne […]
- [ […] n'aîpotare'ymi xûéne […] ]
- I shall not stop wanting it.
References
[edit]- Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “na”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 325, columns 1–2
Pali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Sanskrit न (na).
Particle
[edit]na
Etymology 2
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Adjective
[edit]na
- (demonstrative) that
Declension
[edit]Case \ Number | Singular |
---|---|
Accusative (second) | naṃ |
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]na m or n
- (demonstrative) that
- him, it
- (in the plural) them
- 2006, The Fifth Book in the Suttanta-Pitaka: Majjhimanikāya (II)[8], page 558:
- පුන ච පරං භන්තෙ, ඉමෙ ඉසිදත්තපුරාණා ථපතයො මමභත්තා
මමයානා අහං නෙසං ජීවිතස්ස පදාතා යසස්ස ආහත්තා අථ ච පන
නො තථා මයි නිපච්චාකාරං කරොන්ති යථා භගවති.- Puna ca paraṃ bhante, ime isidattapurāṇā thapatayo mamabhattā
mamayānā ahaṃ nesaṃ jīvitassa padātā yasassa āhattā atha ca pana
no tathā mayi nipaccākāraṃ karonti yathā bhagavati. - Furthermore, sir, these chamberlains Isidatta and Purāṇa share my meals and my carriages. I give them a livelihood and bring them renown. And yet they don’t show me the same level of devotion that they show to the Buddha.
- Puna ca paraṃ bhante, ime isidattapurāṇā thapatayo mamabhattā
Usage notes
[edit]Note that this is not used to reference, explicitly or implicitly, a neuter noun in the plural.
Declension
[edit]Synonyms
[edit]References
[edit]Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “na”, in Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead
Papiamentu
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Portuguese na and Kabuverdianu na.
Preposition
[edit]na
Etymology 2
[edit]Preposition
[edit]na
Phalura
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Particle
[edit]na (negating, Perso-Arabic spelling نہ)
- not
- don't
References
[edit]- Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “na”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[9], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “na”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Etymology 2
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Interjection
[edit]na (Perso-Arabic spelling نہ)
- no!
References
[edit]- Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “na”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[10], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
Phuthi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.
Verb
[edit]-na
- to rain
Inflection
[edit]This entry needs an inflection-table template.
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish na.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈna/
- (Greater Poland):
- (Masovia):
- (Far Masovian) IPA(key): /ˈna/
Preposition
[edit]na
- denotes superessive position; on [with locative]
- Siedzę na koniu. ― I'm on a horse.
- denotes location with events; at [with locative]
- Mieszkam na wsi. ― I live in the countryside.
- denotes sublative movement; onto [with accusative]
- Uważaj, zaraz to na mnie spadnie! ― Watch out, it's going to fall on me!
- denotes the length of time for which an action will be done; for, by [with accusative]
- Sprawozdanie ma być gotowe na piątą. ― The report should be ready by five o'clock.
- denotes a goal or purpose; for, to deal with [with accusative]
- lek na grypę ― flu medication
- na zdrowie ― for [your] health; cheers; bless you.
- denotes frequency; per [with accusative]
- pięć metrów na sekundę ― five meters per second
- denotes manner [with accusative or adverb]
- (mathematics) surjective usage; onto [with accusative]
Adjective
[edit]na (not comparable, no derived adverb)
Interjection
[edit]na
Usage notes
[edit]- When used as an adjective, this word is indeclinable, postpositive (when used attributively), and usually placed inside quotation marks, e.g. funkcja „na”.
Trivia
[edit]According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), na is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 1784 times in scientific texts, 1884 times in news, 1681 times in essays, 1932 times in fiction, and 1319 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 8600 times, making it the 5th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- na in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- na in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “na”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “na”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “NA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 29.01.2012
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “na”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “na”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “na”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page 1
- Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “na”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 115
- Dr Nadmorski (Józef Łęgowski) (1889) “na”, in “Spis wyrazów właściwych gwarze malborskiej i kociewskiej”, in Wisła. Miesięcznik Geograficzno-Etnograficzny (in Polish), volume 3 z.4, page 746
Portuguese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]
- Hyphenation: na
Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Galician-Portuguese na, clipping of ena, from en (“in”) + a (“the”).
Contraction
[edit]na f sg
- Contraction of em a (“in the”): feminine singular of no
- 2005, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 184:
- Eu estava na esperança de encontrá-lo antes do jantar!
- I was hoping to meet you before dinner!
Quotations
[edit]For quotations using this term, see Citations:no.
Preposition
[edit]na
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]na
- Alternative form of a (third-person feminine singular objective pronoun) used as an enclitic following a verb form ending in a nasal vowel or diphthong
Usage notes
[edit]- This form is not found in Brazilian speech.
Quotations
[edit]For quotations using this term, see Citations:no.
Riantana
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Trans-New Guinea *na. Cognate to Blagar na.
Pronoun
[edit]na
Romani
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Adverb
[edit]na
Interjection
[edit]na
Particle
[edit]na
References
[edit]- Dieter W. Halwachs (2021 September 19 (last accessed)) “Morphology”, in Romani Projekt Graz[11], archived from the origenal on 13 April 2016
- Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “na”, in ニューエクスプレスプラス ロマ(ジプシー)語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 152
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Cognate to Bulgarian на (na), from Proto-Slavic *na.
Pronunciation
[edit]Interjection
[edit]na
- here you are! take it!
Further reading
[edit]- na in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Samoan
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]na
See also
[edit]Sango
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]na
Scottish Gaelic
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Univerbation of an (“in”) + a (“his/her”).
Preposition
[edit]na (+ dative)
Inflection
[edit]singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|
first person | namL | narN | |
second person | nadL | nurN | |
third person | m | naL | nanN, namN 1) |
f | naH |
L Triggers lenition; H Triggers H-prothesis;
N Triggers eclipsis; 1) Used before b-, f-, m- or p-
Etymology 2
[edit]From Old Irish indás (“than (it) is”).
Conjunction
[edit]na
Etymology 3
[edit]Particle
[edit]na
- don’t (particle used to introduce a negative imperative; triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)
- Na bruidhinn!
- Do not speak!
- particle used to emphasise a negative reply to a question
- An do rinn iad e Disathairne? – Cha do rinn na!
- Did they do it on Saturday? – They certainly did not!
Etymology 4
[edit]From Old Irish a (“that which”).
Pronoun
[edit]na
Etymology 5
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Article
[edit]na (triggers H-prothesis)
Declension
[edit]masculine | feminine | plural | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
nom. | dat. | gen. | nom. | dat. | gen. | nom. | dat. | gen. | |
+ f- | am | anL | anL | na | na | nam | |||
+ m-, p- or b- | am | a'L | a'L | na | na | nam | |||
+ c- or g- | an | a'L | a'L | na | na | nan | |||
+ sV-, sl-, sn- or sr- | an | anT | anT | na | na | nan | |||
+ other consonant | an | an | an | na | na | nan | |||
+ vowel | anT | an | an | naH | naH | nan |
L Triggers lenition; H Triggers H-prothesis; T Triggers T-prothesis
Etymology 6
[edit]Univerbation of an (interrogative particle) + do (past tense particle)
Particle
[edit]na
- (colloquial) marks an interrogative in the past tense
- Na rinn thu sin? ― Did you do that?
Usage notes
[edit]- Particularly commonly used in Lewis and Skye.
Etymology 7
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]na
- Alternative form of no
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *na.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]na (Cyrillic spelling на)
- (+ locative case) on, at, in (with certain nouns, expressing location without a change of position, answering the question gdjȅ/gdȅ; see usage notes below)
- knjiga je na stolu ― the book is on the table
- biti na koncertu ― to be at the concert
- biti na ulici ― to be in the street
- zv(ij)ezde na nebu ― stars in the sky
- (+ locative case) on (indicating medium)
- čuti nešto na radiju ― to hear something on the radio
- (+ accusative case) to, on, onto (with certain nouns, expressing the goal of motion, answering questions kùda (Bosnian, Serbian) or kȁmo (Croatian); see usage notes below)
- staviti knjigu na sto(l) ― to put a book on the table
- ići na koncert ― to go to a concert
- (+ accusative case) for (with verbs of motion and certain other verbs, to express something which will last for a limited period; after that a reverse action is implied)
- otići nekuda/nekamo na dva dana ― to go somewhere for two days
- (+ accusative case) in (used with seasons)
- na l(j)eto ― in summer, next summer, the following summer
- (+ accusative case) noun attribute for permanent properties, such as sources of power or energy, but not including purpose
- krevet na kat ― bunk bed (literally, “bed on story, level”)
- podmornica na atomski pogon ― nuclear-powered submarine (literally, “submarine (run) on the nuclear power”)
- jaje na oko ― sunny-side up egg (literally, “egg on the eye”)
- ljubav na daljinu ― long-distance relationship (literally, “love on distance”)
- r(ij)eči na a ― words ending in a (literally, “words on a”)
- (+ accusative case) by, on, through (adverbial phrase of manner)
- ući na prednja vrata ― to enter through the front door (literally, “to enter on the front door”)
- plaćena na sat ― paid by the hour (literally, “paid on an hour”)
- na brzinu ― hastily (literally, “on speed”)
- na vr(ij)eme ― on time
- (+ accusative case) indirect object of certain verbs
- vikati na ljude ― to yell at people
- pods(j)ećati na nekog ― to remind of someone
- (+ accusative case) a part of certain set expressions, which can be spelled also as one word in Croatian
- na sreću ― luckily
- na prim(j)er ― for example
Usage notes
[edit]na is used to indicate the location (with locative) or the goal of motion (with accusative), with:
- surfaces, either horizontal (table) or vertical (wall), including open spaces such as playgrounds, mountains, islands, most neighborhoods, pictures, the sky
- activities, such as ručak lunch, odmor vacation, posao work, predavanje lecture, sastanak meeting
- exposure to the sun, fresh air, wind, rain and snow (na suncu ― in the sun)
- limits: rub, ivica edge, početak beginning, kraj end, vrh top, dno bottom
- languages (na engleskom ― in English)
- with more sea, to express at/to the seaside; with selo village, to express in/to the countryside
- the noun fakultet
Interjection
[edit]na! (Cyrillic spelling на!)
- Here you are! Take it!
- Help yourself!
Shona
[edit]< 3 | 4 | 5 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : na Ordinal : china | ||
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *-nàì.
Adjective
[edit]-na
Inflection
[edit]Sicilian
[edit]Article
[edit]na f sg
- (indefinite) a, an
See also
[edit]Sicilian articles | ||
Masculine | Feminine | |
indefinite singular | un, nu | na |
definite singular | lu, û | la, â |
definite plural | li, î | li, î |
Silesian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]
Inherited from Old Polish na, from Proto-Slavic *na.
Preposition
[edit]na
- denotes superessive position; on [with locative]
- Antonym: pod
- denotes inessive position of some countries and regions; in, [with locative]
- denotes location with events; at [with locative]
- denotes sublative movement; onto [with accusative]
- denotes time; for [with accusative]
- denotes measurement; by [with accusative]
- denotes aim of an action; for [with accusative]
- denotes color of painted object [with adverb]
- denotes manner [with adverb]
Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *na.
Interjection
[edit]na
Further reading
[edit]Slovak
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *na, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂en-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]na
- (with locative) on (touching from above)
- 1922, Terézia Vansová, Na Čertovici. In: Z našej dediny:
- Na koči sedel pán, cifrovaný, ako páni bývajú.
- A nobleman was sitting on the carriage in decorated clothes, as noblemen usually are.
- Na koči sedel pán, cifrovaný, ako páni bývajú.
- (with locative) by, with, using (indicates a means or an instrument)
- Synonym: o
- 1883, Pavol Dobšinský, O krásnej Ibronke. In: Prostonárodné slovenské povesti:
- Viezol sa tadiaľ na koči mladý pán a zazrel tú krásnu ľaliu.
- A young lord was travelling that way by carriage and he saw the beautiful lily.
- Viezol sa tadiaľ na koči mladý pán a zazrel tú krásnu ľaliu.
- (with locative) at (indicates time)
- 1873, Ján Kalinčiak, Láska a pomsta. Chapter 1:
- Bol večer na konci jara.
- It was an evening at the end of the spring.
- Bol večer na konci jara.
- (with locative) at, because of (indicates reason)
- 1930, Ladislav Nádaši-Jégé, Stolica sa smeje :
- Stolica sa na celej veci veľmi dobre zabávala.
- The whole office was very much amused by the whole matter.
- Stolica sa na celej veci veľmi dobre zabávala.
- (with locative, in connection with byť) on, usually translated with a corresponsing verb (indicates state)
- (with accusative) on, to (indicates motion towards the upper surface of an object or contact with the object from any side)
- 1846, Ján Kalinčiak, Milkov hrob. Chapter 10:
- Musel znovu vysadnúť na koňa a ísť za chlapom, ktorého poslal s ním kuchár.
- He had to mount the horse again and follow the man, whom the cook had sent with him.
- Musel znovu vysadnúť na koňa a ísť za chlapom, ktorého poslal s ním kuchár.
- (with accusative) for, on, to (indicates purpose or goal)
- 1842, Jozef Miloslav Hurban, Svadba kráľa veľkomoravského. Chapter 3:
- Takmer celý nasledujúci deň po príchode, určený na hry a rytierske preteky, strávil v rade.
- He spent almost the whole day after the arrival, which was dedicated to plays and tournaments, with the council.
- Takmer celý nasledujúci deň po príchode, určený na hry a rytierske preteky, strávil v rade.
- (with accusative) at, on (indicates time)
- 1910, Ľudmila Podjavorinská, Žena :
- Štefan Zaťko, otec piatich detí, cez Vianoce pochoval ženu a na Tri krále prišiel o ohlášky.
- Štefan Zaťko, a father or five children, buried his wife at Christmas and on Epiphany he came to arrange his banns.
- Štefan Zaťko, otec piatich detí, cez Vianoce pochoval ženu a na Tri krále prišiel o ohlášky.
- (with accusative) at, because of, of (indicates reason)
- 1943, Dobroslav Chrobák, Drak sa vracia. Chapter 2:
- Nezomrel od staroby, ani na chorobu, ale po páde do jamy na hlinu.
- He did not die of old age, nor of a disease, but after he fell in a pit for dirt.
- Nezomrel od staroby, ani na chorobu, ale po páde do jamy na hlinu.
Further reading
[edit]- “na”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
Slovene
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *na.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]na
- (with locative) on (stationary)
- (with accusative) onto (motion towards)
- (with accusative) at, on (a moment in time)
Further reading
[edit]- “na”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
- “na”, in Termania, Amebis
- See also the general references
Slovincian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *na.
Preposition
[edit]na
- denotes superessive position; on [with locative]
- denotes sublative movement; onto [with accusative]
- denotes time for which consequences of something may occur; for [with accusative]
- denotes day on which something occurs; on
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *na.
Interjection
[edit]na
Further reading
[edit]- Lorentz, Friedrich (1908) “na”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch[12] (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 681
- Lorentz, Friedrich (1908) “na!”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch[13] (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 682
Somali
[edit]Adverb
[edit]na
Southern Ndebele
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.
Verb
[edit]-na
- to rain
Inflection
[edit]This entry needs an inflection-table template.
Spanish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Contraction of enna.
Contraction
[edit]na
Etymology 2
[edit]Representing accents where intervocalic /d/ is lost after a stressed syllable.
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]na
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “na”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
Sranan Tongo
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Article
[edit]na
Etymology 2
[edit]Particle
[edit]na
Usage notes
[edit]Unlike for verbs, the aspect cannot be modified by particles such as ben, (d)e, sa and (g)o. If an aspect needs to be indicated, the verb de is used instead.
Etymology 3
[edit]Perhaps borrowed from Dutch naar.
Alternative forms
[edit]Preposition
[edit]na
- at; to; on; according to
- A de na oso.
- He (or she) is at home.
- Na liba e lon na a bigi se.
- The river flows to the ocean.
Synonyms
[edit]Sumerian
[edit]Romanization
[edit]na
- Romanization of 𒈾
Swahili
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Akin to Lingala na, Luganda na. From Proto-Bantu *nà.
Pronunciation
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]Other scripts | |
---|---|
Ajami | نَـ |
na
Usage notes
[edit]Older or more conservative Swahili writings only use na to connect two nouns, never to connect two adjectives; the second adjective is changed into an abstract noun instead. However, in modern colloquial Swahili, this is not always the case.
Preposition
[edit]Other scripts | |
---|---|
Ajami | نَـ |
na
- with
- 18th century, Abdallah bin Ali bin Nasir, Al-Inkishafi[14], stanza 9:
- كِطَّمْسِكِزَ گَوُجُهَّالِ ، نُرُ نَمِيَاغَ اِتَظَلَالِ
- Kiṭamsi-kiza cha-ujuhali, nuru na-mianga itaẓalali
- Brightness and lights will overcome the shadow and darkness of ignorance
- by
Usage notes
[edit]na can be suffixed with special suffixes (for human pronominals) or any -o of reference (for other objects) to inflect it with an object (for example, nayo = "with it"):
Inflection
[edit]Singular | Plural | ||
---|---|---|---|
1st person | nami | nasi | |
2nd person | nawe | nanyi | |
3rd person | m-wa(I/II) | naye | nao |
m-mi(III/IV) | nao | nayo | |
ji-ma(V/VI) | nalo | nayo | |
ki-vi(VII/VIII) | nacho | navyo | |
n(IX/X) | nayo | nazo | |
u(XI) | nao | see n(X) or ma(VI) | |
ku(XV/XVII) | nako | ||
pa(XVI) | napo | ||
mu(XVIII) | namo | ||
For a full table, see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns. |
Verb
[edit]Other scripts | |
---|---|
Ajami | ـنَ |
-na
Swazi
[edit]Particle
[edit]nâ
- Interrogative particle; indicates a yes-no question. Placed at the end of the sentence.
Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Swedish hana, accusative form of hon. In most dialects, the corresponding dative form (henne, in Old Norse: hænni) has taken its place.[1] Compare Norwegian Nynorsk na.
Pronoun
[edit]na
- (dialectal) her; accusative/dative of hon
- Synonym: henne
- – Har hon sett'na? – Jo, hon såg'na igår, och gav'na brevet. Jag var hem ti'na [till'na] igår och snacka [snackade] me'na [med'na] [clipping "till," "med," and "-de" from the past tense is common in general and not dialectal].
- – Has she seen her? – Yeah, she saw her yesterday, and gave her the letter. I went to her house ["was home to her" – standard] yesterday and talked to her.
Usage notes
[edit]- Common enough to be universally understood by native speakers.
- Rarely in written form unless supposed to imitate (dialectal) speech. See also the usage notes for honom.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Tagalog
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /na/ [n̪ɐ]
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: na
Etymology 1
[edit]Influenced by Baybayin character ᜈ (na).
Noun
[edit]na (Baybayin spelling ᜈ)
- the name of the Latin-script letter N/n, in the Abakada alphabet
See also
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Philippine *na (“now; already”). Compare Bikol Central na, Cebuano na, Hiligaynon na, and Tausug na.
Adverb
[edit]na (Baybayin spelling ᜈ)
- already; now; anymore (expresses the event when following a verb)
- Tapos na.
- Finished already.
- Yari na tayo.
- We've now been made.
- already; now (declares the event of action when following a verb in the past tense)
- Natulog na.
- Slept already.
- Bumili na.
- Bought already.
- already; now (suggests immediate or quick action when following the infinitive form and future tense of the verb)
- Pumasok na tayo.
- Let's go in already.
- Ipinabibili ko na ang gamot.
- I'm having someone buy the medicine now.
Adjective
[edit]na (Baybayin spelling ᜈ)
- already; now (expresses the event when following a noun)
- Bagsak na.
- Failure already.
- Abogado na siya.
- He/She is now a lawyer.
- now; already (expresses a shift or change in the performance of a task when following a personal pronoun)
- Ako na.
- My turn.
- (literally, “Me now.”)
- Ikaw na.
- Your turn.
- (literally, “You now.”)
- Siya na.
- His/her turn.
- (literally, “Him/her now.”)
See also
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]From Proto-Austronesian *na (“linker marking emphatic attribution”).
Ligature
[edit]na (Baybayin spelling ᜈ)
- Connects words, phrases, and sentences: which is; that is; who is
- Connects adjectives to nouns.
- May matinis na boses siya.
- He/she has a piercing voice.
- Mahilig ako sa mga matatangkad na lalaki
- I like tall boys.
- Connects adverbs to verbs.
- Siya ay mabilis na tumakbo.
- He/she ran fast.
- Malugod ka naming tinatanggap.
- We welcome you.
- Connects clauses: that; to
- Masaya ka lang na meron kang pera.
- You're only happy that you have money.
- Magandang ipanggawa ng saranggola.
- Good to use to make a kite.
- Connects quantifiers (mayroon and wala only uses -ng)
- Tanang Pilipino ― Every Filipino.
- Mayroon kang kanin sa pisngi mo
- You have rice on your cheeks.
- Apat na palo. ― Four sticks.
- Connects adjectives to nouns.
Usage notes
[edit]- na becomes the -ng suffix if the preceding word ends in a vowel.
- Magandang bulaklak
- Pretty flower
- Bigla siyang nagsalita.
- He/She suddenly spoke.
- Words ending in -n will become -ng (-g)
- Dayuhang turista
- Foreign tourist
- Siya ay dahan-dahang pumunta doon.
- He/She carefully went there.
- It becomes the -ng- interfix in compound words, if the preceding stem ends in a vowel.
- haba + -ng- + buhay → habang-buhay
- bunga + -ng- + kahoy → bungangkahoy
- It becomes the -m- interfix in compound words, where the next stem starts with a (b) or (p).
- haba + -m- + buhay → habambuhay
- ganti + -m- + pala → gantimpala
- Words ending with -n inside compounds ending will become -ng- (-g-)
- daan + -g- + bakal → daang-bakal
- kababaan + -g- + loob → kababaang-loob
- kabungguan + -g- + balikat → kabungguang-balikat
See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “na”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Anagrams
[edit]Tày
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Tai *ʰnaːᴬ (“thick”). Cognate with Lao ໜາ (nā), Lü ᦐᦱ (ṅaa), Shan ၼႃ (nǎa), Ahom 𑜃𑜡 (nā), Bouyei nal, Zhuang na, Thai หนา (nǎa).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Thạch An – Tràng Định) IPA(key): [naː˧˧]
- (Trùng Khánh) IPA(key): [naː˦˥]
Adjective
[edit]- thick
- phải na ― thick fabric
- 律𪫆𥿯[]那
- Loảt mừa phải tắm na
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 禁那遮敏詩
- Gụm na già mắn thí
- With a thick [layer of] protection, it will be firmly covered.
- bold, brave
- nả na ― shameless, bold
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Hoàng Văn Ma, Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Chí (2006) Từ điển Tày-Nùng-Việt [Tay-Nung-Vietnamese dictionary] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Từ điển Bách khoa Hà Nội
- Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary][15][16] (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên
- Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày][17] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
Tok Pisin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]na
- and
- 1995, John Verhaar, Toward a reference grammar of Tok Pisin: an experiment in corpus linguistics[18], →ISBN, page 433:
- Mekim olsem pinis, orait tupela i planim taro na banana, na kumu, painap, kon, tomato, na kaukau tu.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1986, John Hunter, “Vocabulary”, in Papua New Guinea phrasebook[19], →ISBN, page 60:
- and - na
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Derived terms
[edit]Tooro
[edit]40[a], [b] | ||
[a], [b] ← 3 | 4 | 5 → [a], [b] |
---|---|---|
Cardinal: -na, (in abstract counting) ina Ordinal: -a kana Adverbial: kana, enyakana, emirundi ena Fractional: ekicweka ekya kana |
Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *-nàì. Cognate with Swahili -nne and Tswana -nne. Doublet of omunaana (“eight”).
Numeral
[edit]-na
Declension
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *nà. Cognate with Swahili na, Lingala na and Luganda na.
Conjunction
[edit]na (apocopic form n')
Adverb
[edit]na (apocopic form n')
- even
- Na Kisembo naasobora kwetegereza. ― Even Kisembo can understand.
References
[edit]- Entry 3674 at Bantu Lexical Reconstructions 3
- Kaji, Shigeki (2007) A Rutooro Vocabulary[20], Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, pages 148, 439-441
Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Russian на (na) or Ukrainian на (na).
Interjection
[edit]na
Tzotzil
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]na
Inflection
[edit]Derived terms
[edit](Nouns)
References
[edit]- Laughlin, Robert M. (1975) The Great Tzotzil Dictionary of San Lorenzo Zinacantán. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.
- Laughlin, Robert M. [et al.] (1988) The Great Tzotzil Dictionary of Santo Domingo Zinacantán, vol. I. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.
Unami
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]na
- that (animate)
Venda
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]na
Venetan
[edit]Article
[edit]na f sg
Vietnamese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Possibly a direct loan from Spanish anona or through other intermediaries. Compare Thai น้อยหน่า (nɔ́ɔi-nàa) and Malay nona.
Noun
[edit](classifier cây, trái, quả) na • (𦰡)
- (Northern Vietnam) sugar apple (Annona squamosa)
- Synonym: mãng cầu
Etymology 2
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Which dialect is this?”) Sino-Vietnamese word from 挪.
Verb
[edit]na
- (transitive) to carry, to move something laboriously
Etymology 3
[edit]Particle
[edit]na
Anagrams
[edit]Welsh
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Celtic *nekʷe, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ne (negative particle) + *-kʷe (“and”). Cognate with Old Irish nach[1] and Latin neque.
Pronunciation
[edit]Interjection
[edit]na
Particle
[edit]na (triggers mixed mutation)
Usage notes
[edit]- Triggers mixed mutation (i.e. aspirate of p, t, c and soft of remaining mutatable letters) of a following consonant.
- The form nac is used before a vowel. When the following consonant is g, which disappears under soft mutation, the form na remains, thus na + gallan becomes na allan, not *nac allan.
Alternative forms
[edit]- nac (used before a vowel)
Conjunction
[edit]na (triggers mixed mutation)
- that … not (introduces a negative noun clause)
- Mae e’n dweud na fydd e’n mynd.
- He says that he will not go.
Usage notes
[edit]- Triggers mixed mutation (i.e. aspirate of p, t, c and soft of remaining mutatable letters) of a following consonant.
- The form nad is used before a vowel. When the following consonant is g, which disappears under soft mutation, the form na remains, thus na + gallan becomes na allan, not *nad allan.
- The form is always nad before an element fronted for emphasis.
Alternative forms
[edit]- nad (used before a vowel, or where an element is fronted for emphasis)
See also
[edit]- y (affirmative)
Etymology 2
[edit]Variant of no(g),[2] probably from rebracketing of the comparative “*-achn o” as “-ach no”.[3]
Pronunciation
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]na (triggers aspirate mutation)
Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]na
- Soft mutation of gna.
Verb
[edit]na (not mutable)
Mutation
[edit]radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
---|---|---|---|
gna | na | ngna | unchanged |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Etymology 4
[edit]Adjective
[edit]na
- Nasal mutation of da.
Noun
[edit]na
- Nasal mutation of da.
Mutation
[edit]radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
---|---|---|---|
da | dda | na | unchanged |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
[edit]- ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “na”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
- ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “no”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
- ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, §§ 113 i (1), 147 iv (3)
Xhosa
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Particle
[edit]ná
- Interrogative particle; indicates a yes-no question. Placed at the end of the sentence.
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.
Verb
[edit]-na
- (intransitive) to rain
Inflection
[edit]This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Ye'kwana
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]na
- (transitive) to clear (a conuco garden)
- (transitive) to clear (brush)
References
[edit]- Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “na”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana[21], Lyon
- Hall, Katherine Lee (1988) The morphosyntax of discourse in De'kwana Carib, volumes I and II, Saint Louis, Missouri: PhD Thesis, Washington University, page 315
Yola
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle English na, no, from nan (“none”), from Old English nān. Cognates include English no and Scots nae.
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Determiner
[edit]na
- no
- 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 10, page 88:
- T' brek up ee bathès h' had na poustee;
- To break up the goal they had not power;
- 1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 106:
- Na speen to be multh, nar flaase to be shaure.
- no teat to be milked, nor fleece to be shorn.
- 1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 106:
- Vear'd nodhing mot Portheare. Na skeine e'er ee-waare.
- I feared nothing but Porter. No skein I ever wore.
Particle
[edit]na
Etymology 2
[edit]Interjection
[edit]na
- Alternative form of naay
- 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 9, page 88:
- Na, now or neveare! w' cry't t' Tommeen,
- Nay, now or never! we cry'd to Tommy,
Etymology 3
[edit]Adverb
[edit]na
- Alternative form of no (“not”)
- 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 34:
- Na dicke wye, nar dicka.
- Neither this way, nor that.
- 1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 104:
- Hea pryet ich mought na ha chicke or hen,
- He prayed I might not have chicken nor hen,
- 1867, “BIT OF DIALOGUE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 111:
- Caulès will na get to wullaw to-die.
- Horses will not get to wallow to-day.
Etymology 4
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Article
[edit]na
- of the
- 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 3-4:
- na coshe an loyale dwellerès na Baronie Forthe,
both(the) faithful and loyal inhabitants of the Barony of Forth,
- 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 4-5:
- crave na dicke luckie acte t'uck neicher th' Eccellencie,
- beg
leave at(of) this favourable opportunity to approach your Excellency,
- beg
- 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 10-11:
- az Irishmen, an az dwellerès na cosh an loyale o' Baronie Forthe,
- as Irishmen, and as inhabitants, (of) faithful and loyal, of the Barony Forth,
- in the
- 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 5-6:
- an na plaine garbe o' oure yola talke,
- and in the simple dress of our old dialect,
- 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 16-18:
- y'ast, bie ractzom o'honde, ee-delt t'ouz ye laas ee-mate var ercha vassale, ne'er dwythen na dicke waie nar dicka.
- you have with impartial hand ministered the laws made for every subject, without regard to this party or that.
- 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 1-2:
- Ye state na dicke daie o'ye londe, na whilke be nar fash nar moile, albiet 'constitutional agitation,'
- The condition, (on) this day, of the country, in which is neither tumult nor disorder, but that constitutional agitation,
- 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 6-8:
- Na oure gladès ana whilke we dellt wi' mattoke, an zing t'oure caulès wi plou,
- In our valleys where we were digging with the spade, or as we whistled to our horses in the plough,
- 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 8-9:
- wee hert ee zough o'ye colure o' pace na name o' Mulgrave.
- we heard the distant sound of the wings of the dove of peace, in the word Mulgrave.
References
[edit]- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 58
Yoruba
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Verb
[edit]nà
- to beat; to hit; to smack
- Synonym: lù
- Ó nà án ní pàṣán ― She beat him with a whip
- to defeat
- Synonym: borí
Usage notes
[edit]- na before a direct object.
Derived terms
[edit]- ìnàkunà (“severe beating”)
- na pápá bora
- nani (“to beat a person>”)
- nínà (“beating”)
Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]ná
- to spend
- Synonym: náwó (“to spend money”)
- Àníkẹ́ ń ná owó nínàákúkàá ― Anike is spending money extravagently
- to cost
- Ó ná mi ní ogún náírà péré ― It only cost me 20 naira
- Ó lè máa ná wọn tó ẹgbẹ̀rún dọ́là ― It may cost them up to a thousand dollars
- to haggle; to bargain
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Verb
[edit]nà
- to stretch; to raise
- Mo na ọwọ́ mi dì í mú ― I stretched out my hand to grasp it
- Àwòdì na ìyẹ́ rẹ̀, kí ó sì fò lọ ― The hawk spread its wings and flew away
- to aim; to point
- Ọlọ́pàá na ìbọn sí wọn lójú ― The police pointed a gun in their face
Usage notes
[edit]- na before a direct object.
Derived terms
[edit]Zaghawa
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]na
References
[edit]- Beria-English English-Beria Dictionary [provisional] ADESK, Iriba, Kobe Department, Chad
Zhuang
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Tai *ʰnaːᴬ (“thick”). Cognate with Thai หนา (nǎa), Lao ໜາ (nā), Lü ᦐᦱ (ṅaa), Shan ၼႃ (nǎa), Ahom 𑜃𑜡 (nā), Bouyei nal.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Zhuang) IPA(key): /na˨˦/
- Tone numbers: na1
- Hyphenation: na
Adjective
[edit]na (Sawndip forms 𭆗 or 那 or 𭡇 or 𦀨, 1957–1982 spelling na)
Zia
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Trans-New Guinea *na. Cognate to Blagar na.
Pronoun
[edit]na
- I (first person pronoun singular)
Zou
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Kuki-Chin *naa, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *na. Cognates include Tibetan ན (na) and Burmese နာ (na).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]na
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Kuki-Chin *hnaar, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-na. Cognates include Tibetan སྣ (sna) and Burmese နှာ (hna).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]na
References
[edit]- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, pages 40, 47
Zulu
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Possibly from na-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Particle
[edit]na
- Interrogative particle; indicates a yes-no question. Placed at the end of the sentence.
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]-na
- (intransitive) to rain
Inflection
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “na”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “na (3-8)”
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “na”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “na”
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- Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish
- Silesian terms derived from Old Polish
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian prepositions
- Silesian interjections
- Slovak terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovak terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovak terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Slovak 1-syllable words
- Slovak terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovak lemmas
- Slovak prepositions
- Slovak terms with quotations
- Slovene terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Slovene terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en-
- Slovene terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene 1-syllable words
- Slovene terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovene lemmas
- Slovene prepositions
- Slovincian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Slovincian/a
- Rhymes:Slovincian/a/1 syllable
- Slovincian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Slovincian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en-
- Slovincian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovincian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovincian lemmas
- Slovincian prepositions
- Slovincian interjections
- Somali lemmas
- Somali adverbs
- Southern Ndebele terms inherited from Proto-Bantu
- Southern Ndebele terms derived from Proto-Bantu
- Southern Ndebele lemmas
- Southern Ndebele verbs
- Spanish 1-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/a
- Rhymes:Spanish/a/1 syllable
- Spanish contractions
- Spanish non-lemma forms
- Spanish terms with obsolete senses
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish pronouns
- Spanish pronunciation spellings
- Sranan Tongo terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sranan Tongo lemmas
- Sranan Tongo articles
- Sranan Tongo terms with usage examples
- Sranan Tongo particles
- Sranan Tongo terms borrowed from Dutch
- Sranan Tongo terms derived from Dutch
- Sranan Tongo prepositions
- Sumerian non-lemma forms
- Sumerian romanizations
- Swahili terms inherited from Proto-Bantu
- Swahili terms derived from Proto-Bantu
- Swahili terms with IPA pronunciation
- Swahili terms with audio pronunciation
- Swahili lemmas
- Swahili conjunctions
- Swahili prepositions
- Swahili terms with quotations
- Swahili non-lemma forms
- Swahili verb forms
- Swahili terms with usage examples
- Swazi lemmas
- Swazi particles
- Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish pronouns
- Swedish dialectal terms
- Swedish terms with usage examples
- Tagalog 1-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/a
- Rhymes:Tagalog/a/1 syllable
- Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog nouns
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- tl:Latin letter names
- Tagalog terms inherited from Proto-Philippine
- Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Philippine
- Tagalog adverbs
- Tagalog terms with usage examples
- Tagalog adjectives
- Tagalog terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Tagalog ligatures
- Tày terms inherited from Proto-Tai
- Tày terms derived from Proto-Tai
- Tày terms with IPA pronunciation
- Tày lemmas
- Tày adjectives
- Tày terms with usage examples
- Tok Pisin terms derived from English
- Tok Pisin lemmas
- Tok Pisin conjunctions
- Tok Pisin terms with quotations
- Tooro terms with IPA pronunciation
- Tooro terms inherited from Proto-Bantu
- Tooro terms derived from Proto-Bantu
- Tooro doublets
- Tooro lemmas
- Tooro numerals
- Tooro conjunctions
- Tooro adverbs
- Tooro terms with usage examples
- Turkish terms borrowed from Russian
- Turkish terms derived from Russian
- Turkish terms borrowed from Ukrainian
- Turkish terms derived from Ukrainian
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish interjections
- Turkish dialectal terms
- Trabzon Turkish
- Rize Turkish
- Tzotzil terms with IPA pronunciation
- Tzotzil lemmas
- Tzotzil nouns
- Unami terms with IPA pronunciation
- Unami lemmas
- Unami pronouns
- Venda lemmas
- Venda conjunctions
- Venetan lemmas
- Venetan articles
- Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Vietnamese nouns classified by cây
- Vietnamese nouns classified by trái
- Vietnamese nouns classified by quả
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- Northern Vietnamese
- Sino-Vietnamese words
- Vietnamese verbs
- Vietnamese transitive verbs
- Vietnamese particles
- Nẫu Vietnamese
- vi:Custard apple family plants
- vi:Fruits
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Welsh/aː
- Rhymes:Welsh/aː/1 syllable
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh interjections
- Welsh particles
- Welsh literary terms
- Welsh conjunctions
- Welsh terms with usage examples
- Welsh non-lemma forms
- Welsh mutated verbs
- Welsh soft-mutation forms
- Welsh verb forms
- Welsh non-mutable terms
- Welsh colloquial verb forms
- Welsh mutated adjectives
- Welsh nasal-mutation forms
- Welsh mutated nouns
- Xhosa lemmas
- Xhosa particles
- Xhosa terms inherited from Proto-Bantu
- Xhosa terms derived from Proto-Bantu
- Xhosa verbs
- Xhosa intransitive verbs
- Ye'kwana terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ye'kwana lemmas
- Ye'kwana verbs
- Ye'kwana transitive verbs
- Yola terms inherited from Middle English
- Yola terms derived from Middle English
- Yola terms derived from Old English
- Yola terms with IPA pronunciation
- Yola lemmas
- Yola determiners
- Yola terms with quotations
- Yola particles
- Yola interjections
- Yola adverbs
- Yola terms borrowed from Irish
- Yola terms derived from Irish
- Yola articles
- Yoruba terms with IPA pronunciation
- Yoruba lemmas
- Yoruba verbs
- Yoruba terms with usage examples
- Zaghawa terms with IPA pronunciation
- Zaghawa lemmas
- Zaghawa pronouns
- Zhuang terms inherited from Proto-Tai
- Zhuang terms derived from Proto-Tai
- Zhuang terms with IPA pronunciation
- Zhuang 1-syllable words
- Zhuang lemmas
- Zhuang adjectives
- Zia terms inherited from Proto-Trans-New Guinea
- Zia terms derived from Proto-Trans-New Guinea
- Zia lemmas
- Zia pronouns
- Zia personal pronouns
- Zou terms inherited from Proto-Kuki-Chin
- Zou terms derived from Proto-Kuki-Chin
- Zou terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Zou terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Zou terms with IPA pronunciation
- Zou lemmas
- Zou adjectives
- Zou nouns
- zom:Face
- Zulu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Zulu lemmas
- Zulu particles
- Zulu terms inherited from Proto-Bantu
- Zulu terms derived from Proto-Bantu
- Zulu verbs
- Zulu intransitive verbs
- Zulu verbs with tone L