ya

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ya"

Languages (73)

English

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Abui • Angkamuthi • Anguthimri • Anyin Morofo • Azerbaijani • Baoule • Barngarla • Bilbil • Breton • Cameroon Pidgin • Central Huasteca Nahuatl • Chamorro • Chavacano • Chickasaw • Dyula • Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl • Ewe • Fala • Gban • Gedaged • Guinea Kpelle • Ido • Igbo • Ilocano • Indonesian • Jamaican Creole • Japanese • Kankanaey • Kapampangan • Kesawai • Kituba • Kou • Laboya • Lingala • Malay • Mandarin • Maonan • Marik • Mbyá Guaraní • Mednyj Aleut • Mindiri • Northern Ndebele • Northern Sotho • Nzadi • Pali • Pennsylvania German • Phuthi • Portuguese • Scots • Sotho • South Slavey • Southern Ndebele • Spanish • Swahili • Tabaa Zapotec • Tagalog • Ternate • Tlahuica • Tswana • Turkish • Usan • Venda • Volapük • Warao • Western Huasteca Nahuatl • White Hmong • Xhosa • Yami • Yola • Yoruba • Zulu • Zuni

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Page categories

English

Etymology 1

Reduced form of you. Compare Dutch je, reduced/unstressed form of jij (“you”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jʌ/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʌ

Pronoun

ya

1. Nonstandard spelling of you.
   • 2011, Byron Douglas, chapter 3, in A Journey Through the Life of an Anti-Social‎^[64–65], →ISBN:

     Lola got a shocked look on her face then said, “Ya need to stop actin' jealous if ya aint, and ya can't control what I do. Ya aint my daddy and ya aint my man. I'll see ya tomorrah after work if ya want. Just give me a call, ya have my number”.

Usage notes

• Never used with prosodic stress.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• -cha
• hey ya
• hiya
• -ja
• love ya
• see ya
• smell ya later
• there ya go
• whaddaya
• ya think?

See also

• yer

Etymology 2

Apparently from German ja and cognates in other Germanic languages; related to English yeah.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jɑ/
• Rhymes: -ɑ

Interjection

ya

2. (informal) Yeah; yes.

Etymology 3

From Middle English ya, from Old English ġēa, iā (“yea, yes”). More at yea.

Alternative forms

• yaa, yaw, yah, yha

Pronunciation

• (West Country, UK) IPA^(key): /ˈjɑː/, /ˈjɐ/
• Rhymes: -ɑː, -ɐ

Adverb

ya (not comparable)

1. (UK dialectal, West Country, Northern England, Scotland) yea; yes
   • 1806, Jamieson, Pop. Ballads:

     'Ya, wilt thou!' said Wallace, 'then tak thee that, […] '

   • 1894, W. G. Stevenson, Puddin' iii.:

     Ya, auld man, ye ken fine ye wad like me.

   • 1896, Ackworth, Clog Shop Chron.:

     Ya, bur 'ee did, […]

Etymology 4

Variation of hyah.

Interjection

ya

1. (informal) Go. (Spoken to horses and cattle.)

Etymology 5

Determiner

ya

1. Nonstandard spelling of your.

Derived terms

• chewie on ya boot

Etymology 6

From Russian я (ja).

Noun

ya (plural yas)

1. A letter of the Cyrillic alphabet: Я, я.

Translations

a letter of the Cyrillic alphabet "Я/я"

• Belarusian: я (be) n (ja)
• Czech: ja (cs)
• Russian: я (ru) n (ja)
• Ukrainian: я (uk) n (ja)

Etymology 7

From Malay ya, from Dutch ja (and ultimately Proto-Germanic *ja). Reinforced by informal variants of yes in English (e.g., yeah). Doublet of yes.

Alternative forms

• yeah, yea, yah

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jɑ/, (in tag questions) [jɑː˨˦]

Interjection

ya

1. (informal, Singapore, Malaysia) Yes, yeah (used to express affirmation)

Particle

ya

1. (Singlish, Manglish) Used to form a confirmation-seeking tag question, expecting an affirmative response.
   • 1983, Stella Kon, Emily of Emerald Hill, →ISBN, Act 1, page 21:

     What about yourself Mr Chee, never look a day older, you'll see the rest of us six feet under… Really you look very well. I heard you went for new treatment in Switzerland ya?…

See also

• (question tags in Singlish): is it, ah

Anagrams

• -ay, AY, ay, ay^

Abui

Noun

ya

1. water

References

• František Kratochvíl, A grammar of Abui: a Papuan language of Alor (2007)
• František Kratochvíl, Benidiktus Delpada, Abui-Indonesian-English Dictionary (2008)

Angkamuthi

Verb

ya

1. (Yadhaykenu) throw

References

• Claire Bowern, Harold James Koch, Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method (2004), page 537

Anguthimri

Verb

ya

1. (transitive, Mpakwithi) to give
2. (transitive, Mpakwithi) to bring

References

• Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 189

Anyin Morofo

Adjective

ya

1. bad

Azerbaijani

Other scripts

Cyrillic		ја
Abjad		یا

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic يَا (yā, “o, hey, you”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [jɑː]

Particle

ya

1. vocative particle

   Synonym: ey

   Ya Əli! (Shiite exclamation) ― O Ali!

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Persian یا (yâ, “either, or”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jɑ/

Conjunction

ya … ya …

1. either … or

   Ya bu, ya da o. İkisinə də birdən pulumuz çatmaz.

   [Choose] either this or that. We can't afford to buy them both at once.

Derived terms

• və yaxud
• vəya
• yaxud

 

Further reading

• “ya” in Obastan.com.

Baoule

Noun

ya

1. Friday (day of the week)

Adjective

ya

1. bad

Barngarla

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ja/

Noun

ya

1. mouth

References

• Page 74 of Zuckermann, Ghil'ad, Emma Richards and the Barngarla (2021), Mangiri Yarda (Healthy Country: Barngarla Wellbeing and Nature), Adelaide: Revivalistics Press.

Bilbil

Noun

ya

1. fire

Further reading

• Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

Breton

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Particle

ya

1. yes, word used to show agreement or acceptance.

   Ya, gwir eo! ― Yes, that's correct!

Antonyms

• nann (“no”)

Cameroon Pidgin

Determiner

ya

1. Alternative spelling of your (“2st person singular possessive determiner”)

Central Huasteca Nahuatl

Pronoun

ya

1. third person; he, she

Chamorro

Conjunction

ya

1. and

Usage notes

Used to indicate causation. To connect two similar words or phrases the alternate yan.

Chavacano

Etymology

Inherited from Spanish ya.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʝa/, [ˈʝ͡ʝa]

Particle

ya

1. indicates the past tense

Chickasaw

Verb

ya (stative, irregular)

1. to be (something)

Usage notes

• It cannot be used by itself and must always have a preceding noun that names what it or the person "is".
• It can only be used with a Class II subject marker.
• Ya is never used with N prefixes.
• It can be used with verb suffixes such as -tok, -taam, -a'chi, etc.
• For sentences where a Class II subject marker is not needed or cannot be used, then the verb root oo can be used instead.
• For the future tense, a'chi can be used as a standalone word rather than a suffix completely replacing the use of a verb and having the meaning "will be". Similarly, a'ni, "might be" could possibly work in a similar fashion, replacing the presence of an explicit verb as well, although it is not normally used in sentences expressing being something.
• The prefix hoo- is never used with any forms of the verb "to be" (ya, oo, a'chi).
• To ask questions such as "Is it a/an....", see the entries for the noun suffixes -to̠ (used after consonants) and -hto̠ (used after vowels).

Synonyms

• oo

Dyula

Adverb

ya

1. here

Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl

Pronoun

ya

1. third person; he, she

See also

• yaha
• yahaya

Ewe

Noun

ya

1. wind

Fala

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese ja, from Latin iam (“already”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈja/
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: ya

Adverb

ya

1. already

References

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎^[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Gban

Verb

ya

1. to go

Gedaged

Noun

ya

1. fire

Further reading

• Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

Guinea Kpelle

Noun

ya

1. water

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto ja.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ja/

Adverb

ya

1. indeed

Igbo

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ja/

Pronoun

ya (independent form, dependent form o)

1. (personal, epicene) he, she, it

   Ahụrụ m ya

   I saw him.

See also

Igbo personal pronouns

		dependent	independent	object/possessive
Singular	first	m, a/e- ... -m	m, mụ
	second	ị, i	ngị, gị	gị
	third	ọ, o	ya
Plural	first	anyị
	second	ụnụ
	third	ha, a/e- ... -ha	ha
Indefinite		a/e	-	-

Ilocano

Etymology

Borrowed from Kankanaey ya.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjaʔ/ [ˈjɐʔ]

Particle

ya (Kur-itan spelling ᜌ)

1. (Baguio, Benguet) Expressing apprehension following or preceding a reasoning or excuse; eh.

   Haanko ammo ya.

   I don't know eh.

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ja/
• Rhymes: -ja
• Hyphenation: ya

Etymology 1

Probably from Dutch ja.

Particle

ya

1. used to show agreement or acceptance; yes

   Synonym: hooh

   Ya, aku setuju denganmu.

   Yes, I agree with you.

2. used to reinforce a question; huh

   Kamu punya cewek baru, ya?

   You have a new girlfriend, huh?

3. used to emphasize curiosity about a question.

   Siapa ya, guru baru kita yang akan mengajar di kelas ini.

   Who is our new teacher who will teach at this class?.

4. used to indicate a request; okay

   Besok kumpulkan tugasnya, ya.

   Turn in your assignment tomorrow, okay?

Alternative forms

• iya

Etymology 2

Inherited from Malay ya, from Classical Malay ي (ya), from Arabic يَا (yā).

Particle

ya

1. the vocative particle, used for direct address; O

   Ya Tuhan!

   O God!

   Ya ampun!

   O gosh!

   (literally, “O mercy!”)

Further reading

• “ya” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Jamaican Creole

t

Etymology

Derived from English here.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ja/

Adverb

ya

1. here
   • 2012, Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published 2012, →ISBN, Matyu 24:26:

     So ef sumadi go se, "Luk ya, im iina di dezot." No go out de. Ar ef dem se, "Luk ya! luk ya! Im a aid ya-so!" No lisn dem.

     So if they tell you, "Look, he's out in the desert," don't go looking there; or if they say, "Look, he's secretly here," don't believe it.

     (literally, “So if somebody says, "Look here, he's in the desert." don't go there. Or if they say "Look here! Look here! He's hiding right here! don't listen to them.”)

See also

• yaso

Further reading

• ya at majstro.com

Japanese

Romanization

ya

1. The hiragana syllable や (ya) or the katakana syllable ヤ (ya) in Hepburn romanization.

Kankanaey

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (Standard Kankanaey) IPA^(key): /ja/ [jʌ]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: ya

Conjunction

ya

1. and

   Synonym: ken

   • 2017, Diocese of Baguio, “Acclamacion [Acclamation]”, in Aweng Rambak: Hymnal of the Diocese of Baguio (overall work in English, Tagalog, Ilocano, and Kankanaey), Baguio: Diocese of Baguio, page 178:

     Nu kanenmi nan tinapay
     Ya inumen nan calis

     When we eat this bread
     And drink this chalice

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (Standard Kankanaey) IPA^(key): /ˈjaʔ/ [ˈjʌʔ]
• Rhymes: -aʔ
• Syllabification: ya

Particle

ya

1. Expressing apprehension following or preceding a reasoning or excuse; eh.

   Aw, nanlaklakoda ya.

   Yes, they are selling eh.

Kapampangan

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(si-)ia, from Proto-Austronesian *(si-)ia. Compare Tagalog siya, Bikol Central siya, Cebuano siya, Indonesian ia, Maori ia, and Waray-Waray hiya.

Particle

ya

1. marks a sentence as interrogative

   Makanini ya?

   Is it like this?

   Nanya?

   What is it?

2. whether (or not)

   X ya Y ya?

   Is it an X or Y?

   Munta ya aliya?

   Is s/he going or not?

3. used with o to mark list and to connect choices being considered with uncertainty

   Ini ya o ita ya, sanu kareni.

   Is this or is that?, which one of these?

   Lalaki ya o Babayi ya?

   Is it a Boy or a Girl?

Pronoun

ya

1. he; she (third person singular animate personal pronoun)

   Pilipinu ya.

   S/he is a Filipino.

2. (colloquial) it (third person singular inanimate personal pronoun)

   Pamangan ya.

   it is food.

Usage notes

• The word ya usually replaces iya when in the middle of a sentence.

Kesawai

Noun

ya

1. water

Further reading

• Carol Priestley, Talking about space in Koromu
• Carol Priestley, Social categories, shared experience, reciprocity and endangered meanings: examples from Koromu

Kituba

Preposition

ya

1. of

Kou

Noun

ya

1. water

Further reading

• Johannes A. Z'graggen, A Comparative Word list of the Rai Coast Languages, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea, Pacific Linguistics (1980) (as Sinsauru)

Laboya

Verb

ya

1. to eat

References

• Rina, A. Dj., Kabba, John Lado B. (2011) “ya”, in Kamus Bahasa Lamboya, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat [Dictionary of Lamboya Language, West Sumba Regency], Waikabubak: Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat, page 103

Lingala

Preposition

ya

1. of

Usage notes

In colloquial Lingala, this does not vary depending on noun class.

Declension

Class	Singular	Class	Plural
1	wa	2	ba
3	mwa	4	mya
5	lya (za)	6	ma
7	ya	8	bya
9	ya	10	ya
11	la (lwa)
14	bwa

Malay

Pronunciation

• (Etymology 1 & 2):
  • IPA^(key): [ja]
  • Rhymes: -a
• (Etymology 3):
  • (Johor-Riau) IPA^(key): [jə]
    • Rhymes: -ə
  • (Baku) IPA^(key): [ja]
    • Rhymes: -a
• Hyphenation: ya

Etymology 1

From Arabic يَا (yā, “vocative particle”).

Interjection

ya (Jawi spelling يا)

1. Used to get attention; hey, oh.

   Synonyms: wahai, hai

   Ya, Tuhan!

   Oh, God!

Etymology 2

From Arabic يَا (yā, letter name).

Noun

ya (Jawi spelling يا, plural ya-ya, informal 1st possessive yaku, 2nd possessive yamu, 3rd possessive yanya)

1. The 29th letter of the Arabic alphabet (ي).

   huruf ya ― the letter ya

Etymology 3

From Dutch ja, from Middle Dutch ja, from Old Dutch *jā, from Proto-Germanic *ja.

Interjection

ya (Jawi spelling يا)

1. Used to express affirmation; yes.

   Synonyms: ia, haah (informal)

   Ya, ini Patrick.

   Yes, this is Patrick.

2. Used to inquire for confirmation; right.

   Synonym: bukan

   Dia orang kaya, ya?

   He's a rich person, right?

Further reading

• “ya” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Mandarin

Romanization

ya (ya⁵ / ya⁰, Zhuyin ˙ㄧㄚ)

1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 呀
2. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 㗇

ya

1. Nonstandard spelling of yā.
2. Nonstandard spelling of yá.
3. Nonstandard spelling of yǎ.
4. Nonstandard spelling of yà.

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Maonan

Numeral

ya

1. two

Marik

Noun

ya

1. fire

Further reading

• Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

Mbyá Guaraní

Alternative forms

• yaa

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ɨar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɨˈa/
• Rhymes: -a
• Hyphenation: y‧a

Noun

ya

1. boat
2. canoe

   Synonym: kanoã

Derived terms

• ya poyia
• ya rembe
• ya xĩ
• ya yke

 

References

• Robert A. Dooley (2016 August) “ya”, in Léxico guarani, dialeto mbyá: guarani-português (overall work in Portuguese), Anápolis: SIL Brasil, page 204

Mednyj Aleut

Etymology

From Russian я (ja).

Pronoun

ya

1. I

Mindiri

Noun

ya

1. fire

Further reading

• Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

-ya

1. to go to, towards [with locative]

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Northern Sotho

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

ya

1. to go

Nzadi

Pronoun

yǎ`

1. you (second-person singular pronoun)

See also

Nzadi personal pronouns

	singular	plural
1st person	mǐ`	bǐ
2nd person	yǎ`	byɛ̌n
3rd person human	ndé	bɔ̌
3rd person nonhuman	nɔ̌	mɔ̌

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀬 (Brahmi script)
• य (Devanagari script)
• য (Bengali script)
• ය (Sinhalese script)
• ယ (Burmese script)
• ย or ยะ (Thai script)
• ᨿ (Tai Tham script)
• ຍ or ຍະ or ຢະ (Lao script)
• យ (Khmer script)
• 𑄠 (Chakma script)

Etymology 1

From Sanskrit यद् (yad).

Pronoun

ya m

1. (relative) who, which, that

Declension

Declension table of "ya" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	yo	ye
Accusative (second)	yaṃ	ye
Instrumental (third)	yena	yehi or yebhi
Dative (fourth)	yassa	yesaṃ or yesānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	yasmā or yamhā	yehi or yebhi
Genitive (sixth)	yassa	yesaṃ or yesānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	yasmiṃ or yamhi	yesu

Pronoun

ya n

1. (relative) which, that
2. (relative) (duplicated) whatever
   • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎^[2] (overall work in Pali), page 250; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:

     अथ सब्बासं विभत्तीनं यानि यानि पुब्बानि छ पदानि तानि तानि परस्सपदसञ्ञानि होन्ति।

     Atha sabbāsaṃ vibhattīnaṃ yāni yāni pubbāni cha padāni, tāni tāni parassapadasaññāni honti.

     Then whatever are the first six endings of all the endings, they are called the active endings.

Declension

Declension table of "ya" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	yaṃ or yad	yāni
Accusative (second)	yaṃ or yad	yāni
Instrumental (third)	yena	yehi or yebhi
Dative (fourth)	yassa	yesaṃ or yesānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	yasmā or yamhā	yehi or yebhi
Genitive (sixth)	yassa	yesaṃ or yesānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	yasmiṃ or yamhi	yesu

Derived terms

• yā
• yadidaṃ (“namely”)

Etymology 2

Probably from the pronunciation of a syllable consisting only of the letter.

Noun

ya m

1. the Pali letter 'y'
   • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎^[3] (overall work in Pali), page 4; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:

     क, ख, ग, घ, ङ, च, छ, ज, झ, ञ, ट, ठ, ड, ढ, ण, त, थ, द, ध, न, प, फ, ब, भ, म, य, र, ल, व, स, ह, ळ, ं। इति व्यञ्जन नाम होन्ति।

     Ka, kha, ga, gha, ṅa, ca, cha, ja, jha, ña, ṭa, ṭha, ḍa, ḍha, ṇa, ta, tha, da, dha, na, pa, pha, ba, bha, ma, ya, ra, la, va, sa, ha, ḷa, aṃ, iti vyañjanā nāma honti.

     'k', 'kh', 'g', 'gh', 'ṅ', 'c', 'ch', 'j', 'jh', 'ñ, 'ṭ', 'ṭh', 'ḍ', 'ḍh', 'ṇ', 't', 'th', 'd', 'dh', 'n', 'p', 'ph', 'b', 'bh', 'm', 'y', 'r', 'l', 'v', 's', 'h', 'ḷ' and 'ṃ', these are the consonants by name.

   • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎^[4] (overall work in Pali), page 12; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:

     यो जस्स यथा-नियंपुत्तं।

     Yo jassa yathā- niyaṃputtaṃ.

     'Y' from 'j' as in 'niyaṃputtaṃ'.

   • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎^[5] (overall work in Pali), page 10; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:

     यं एदन्तस्सादेसो॥६॥

     6. Yaṃ edantassādeso.

     6. Change of final 'e' to 'y'.

   • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎^[6] (overall work in Pali), page 12; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:

     को यस्स यथा-सको।

     Ko yassa yathā-sako.

     'K' from 'y' as in 'sako'.

Declension

Declension table of "ya" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular
Nominative (first)	yo
Accusative (second)	yaṃ
Instrumental (third)	yena
Dative (fourth)	yassa or yāya or yatthaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	yasmā or yamhā or yā
Genitive (sixth)	yassa
Locative (seventh)	yasmiṃ or yamhi or ye
Vocative (calling)	ya

Synonyms

• yakāra

References

Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “ya”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

Compare German ja, Dutch ja, Swedish ja.

Interjection

ya

1. yes, yeah

Phuthi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

-ya

1. to go to, towards [with locative]

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈja/

• Rhymes: -a

Adverb

ya

1. Alternative form of iá

Scots

Numeral

ya

1. Alternative form of ae

References

• “ya, adj.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.

Sotho

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

ya

1. to go

South Slavey

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *yaˑ. Cognates include Navajo yá.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [jà(ʔ)]
• Hyphenation: ya

Noun

ya (stem -ya-)

1. sky

Inflection

Possessive inflection of ya (-yaá)

		singular	plural
1st person		seyaá	naxeyaá
2nd person		neyaá
3rd person	1)	—	giyaá
	2)	meyaá	goyaá
4th person		yeyaá
reflexive	sp.	ɂedeyaá	kedeyaá
	unsp.	deyaá
reciprocal		—	ɂełeyaá
indefinite		ɂeyaá
areal		goyaá
1) Used when the subject is a group of human beings and the object is singular. 2) Used when the previous condition does not apply.

References

• Keren Rice (1989) A Grammar of Slave, Berlin, West Germany: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 92

Southern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

-ya

1. to go to, towards [with locative]

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin iam. Compare Portuguese já, French déjà and Italian già.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ˈʝa/ [ˈɟ͡ʝa]

• IPA^(key): (everywhere but Argentina and Uruguay) /ˈʝa/ [ˈɟ͡ʝa]
• IPA^(key): (Buenos Aires and environs) /ˈʃa/ [ˈʃa]
• IPA^(key): (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /ˈʒa/ [ˈʒa]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: ya

Adverb

ya

1. now

   Synonyms: ahora, (colloquial) ahorita

   Púlsalo ya. ― Press it now.

   Preparados, listos, ya. ― Ready, set, go.

2. already, yet

   Ya lo hice. ― I already did it.

3. in the near future; soon

   Voy a terminar mi trabajo ya. ― I am going to finish my work soon.

4. immediately

   Synonym: ahora mismo

5. anymore; no longer

   Ya no quiero volver a ese lugar. ― I don't want to go back to that place anymore.

6. (emphatic) emphatic (similar to the use of English "so" or "oh" as an interjection)

   ¡Ya lo sé! ― I do know!

7. (in negatives) only

   no ya... ― not only...

8. (before pero) yes

   ya, pero... ― yes, but...

9. (before que) since, now, as

   ya que... ― now that...

10. OK

Derived terms

• desde ya
• no ya
• pues ya
• que ya es decir
• si ya
• ya está
• ya no
• ya pues
• ya que
• ya se va
• ya te digo
• ya veremos

 

Conjunction

ya ... ya ...

1. first (something) then (something else); first (something), now (something else)

   ¡Ya lluvia ya nieve!

   First rain, now snow!

2. whether (something) or (something else)

   ya sol ya lluvia

   whether sun or rain

Interjection

ya

1. come on!, let's go!

   Synonyms: vamos, vámonos, adelante, ándale, (Mexico) órale, (Chile) ya po

2. (colloquial) used to acknowledge or dismiss the previous statement

   —Sabes que quedamos con Antonio esta tarde. —Ya.

   "You know we're hanging out with Antonio tonight." "I know."

   —No podrás venir, que trabajas ese día. —Ya, pero cerramos temprano los viernes.

   "You can't come, you're working that day." "Right, but we close early on Fridays."

Derived terms

• ya, ya

 

Further reading

• “ya”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Particle

ya

1. N class inflected form of -a (singular only).
2. Mi class inflected form of -a.
3. Ma class inflected form of -a.

Usage notes

Follows adverbs to make them function as prepositions.

Tabaa Zapotec

Noun

ya

1. reed

Tagalog

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ja/ [jɐ]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: ya

Etymology 1

Influenced by Baybayin character ᜌ (ya).

Noun

ya (Baybayin spelling ᜌ)

1. the name of the Latin-script letter Y/y, in the Abakada alphabet

   Synonyms: (in the Filipino alphabet) way, (in the Abecedario) ye

See also

• yaya

 

Etymology 2

Interjection

ya (Baybayin spelling ᜌ)

1. expression used to drive cattle: yah

   Synonym: hiya

Further reading

• “ya”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Anagrams

• ay, -ay

Ternate

Etymology

Possibly from Indonesian ya (“yes”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈja]

Interjection

ya

1. yes

References

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Tlahuica

Noun

ya

1. stomach

Tswana

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

ya

1. to go

Ke ya lapeng - I'm going home.

Turkish

Alternative forms

• yaa (colloquial)

Etymology 1

Onomatopoeic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ja/ (sense 1,4,5 and 6)
• IPA^(key): /jaː/ (sense 2 and 3)

Interjection

ya

1. Expression of surprise or confusion.

   Gerçekten mi ya?

   Wow, really?

2. aw (Used to express affection.)

   Ya, çok tatlı! Şunun yatışına bak.

   Aw, she’s so cute! Look at how's she sleeping.

3. Expresses frustration.

   Ya yeter be, yeter!

   Enough!

4. An expression used to indicate ratification of a statement that requires an approval or necessity.

   Biz de gelelim mi? - Gelin ya.

   Shall we come too? - Please do.

5. Used after inflected verbs in order to intesify the meaning.

   Önündekini bitirsene! - Bitirdim ya...

   Finish your plate already! - I already finished it...

6. Provides the actual meaning of the sentence by stressing the latter sentence.

   Seni orada gördüm ya, seslenmeye yüreğim yetmedi.

   I saw you there but I didn't have enough courage to call you out.

Etymology 2

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish یا (ya), from Arabic يَا (yā, “o, hey, you”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ja/

Particle

ya

2. vocative particle

   Synonym: ey

Related terms

• ya Allah
• ya Rabbi
• ya sabır
• yahu
• yalel
• yalelli
• yallah

 

Further reading

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ya2”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Etymology 3

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish یا (ya), from Persian یا (yâ, “either, or”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ja/

Conjunction

ya

1. what if (used to introduce speculation about future)

   İlahi, hocam, hiç göle maya çalmakla göl maya tutar mı? -Ya tutarsa?

   Teacher, can a little bit of yeast ferment the lake? -What if it does?

2. what about (used to ask someone to consider something or someone that they have apparently not considered)

   Poşetleri taşıması kolay. Ya bu bavullar? Onlar ne olacak?

   It's easy to carry the bags. What about the luggage? What will happen to them?

3. (preceding the last term in a list) above all, especially

   Saçları, sesi, gülüşü çok güzel. Ya gözleri.

   Her hair, her voice, her smile are all so beautiful. And especially her eyes.

Related terms

• veya
• veyahut
• yahut

 

Conjunction

ya … ya …

1. either … or

   Synonyms: ya … ya da …, ya … yahut …

   Ya bu, ya şu. İkisine birden paramız yetmez.

   Either this or that. We can't afford to buy them both.

Derived terms

• ya bu deveyi gütmeli, ya bu diyardan gitmeli
• ya dayak yememiş ya sayı bilmiyor
• ya devlet başa ya kuzgun leşe
• ya hep ya hiç
• ya herrü ya merrü
• ya huyundan ya suyundan
• ya var ya yok

 

Further reading

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ya1”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Further reading

• “ya”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
• Ayverdi, İlhan (2010) “ya”, in Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük, a reviewed and expanded single-volume edition, Istanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “ya”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5019

References

• Parlatır, İsmail et al. (1998) “ya”, in Türkçe Sözlük, 9th edition, volume I, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 2357a
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “یا”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[7], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2177

Usan

Noun

ya

1. water
2. rain

Venda

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

ya

1. to go

Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish ya (“already”).

Adverb

ya

1. already
   • 1940, “Pötü yelacen”, in Volapükagased pro Nedänapükans, page 1:

     In Siyop ya dü yels mödik krigastad bevü Yapän e Tsyinän dareigon, ed in Yurop krig jenon bevü Deutän e Polän, Linglän e Fransän, e bevü Rusän e Suomiyän.

     In Asia, a state of war has already been going on for years between Japan and China, and in Europe war is being waged between Germany and Poland, England and France, and between Russia and Finland.

Warao

Noun

ya

1. sun

Synonyms

• hokohi

Western Huasteca Nahuatl

Pronoun

ya

1. third person; he, she

White Hmong

Etymology

Cognate with Western Xiangxi Miao [Fenghuang] eint.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʝa˧/

Verb

ya

1. to fly

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

-ya

1. (intransitive) to go to, towards [with locative]

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Yami

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(si-)ia, from Proto-Austronesian *(si-)ia. Compare Indonesian ia, Maori ia.

Pronoun

ya

1. he; she

Yola

Etymology

From Middle English yaf. Doublet of gae (“gave”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jiː/
• Homophones: ye, yee, yie

Verb

ya

1. simple past of yie
   • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 14, page 90:

     Shoo ya aam zim to doone, as w' be doone nowe;

     She gave them some to do, as we are doing now;

References

• Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 90

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /já/

Verb

yá

1. to borrow

   Wọ́n yá owó lọ́wọ́ mi. ― They borrowed money from me.

2. to lend

   Wọ́n yá mi lówó. ― They lent me money.

Derived terms

• ayálégbé (“tenant”)
• ayánilówó (“money lender”)
• ayáwó (“money borrower”)
• ọ̀rọ̀-àfetíyá (“ear loan”)
• ọ̀rọ̀-àfojúyá (“eye loan”)
• ọ̀rọ̀-àyálò (“loanword”)
• yáwó (“to borrow money”)

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /já/

Verb

yá

1. to be fast

   Synonym: yára

   Aago yẹn fi wákàtí kan yá. ― That clock is ahead by an hour.

2. to be ready

   Ó ti yá! ― It's time!

   Nígbà tó yá, ó jáde. ― Later, she went out.

3. to be fit
   1. (with ara (“body”)) to be healthy

      Synonyms: le, yá gágá

      Ara mi ò yá. ― I'm not feeling well. (literally, “My body is not healthy.”)

Derived terms

• bó pẹ́ bó yá (“sooner or later”)
• yára (“to be fast”)
• ó yá (“hurry up; come on”)

 

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jā/

Verb

ya

1. to tear; to be torn; to rip

   Tó o bá jíwèé wò, màá ya pépà ẹ. ― If you cheat, I'll rip your paper.

   Má fa aṣọ rẹ ya. ― Don't tear your clothes.

   Ó fa ọkàn mi ya. ― It tore my heart

   Ìjì máa ya á lulẹ̀. ― The storm will tear it down.

Usage notes

• Used with fà (“to stretch; to pull”) in the V2 position

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jā/

Verb

ya

1. to flow; to overflow

   Odò ti ya wọ oko. ― The river has flooded into the fields.

   Odò yẹn ya wọ odò Ọya. ― That river flows into the Niger.

   Ẹrẹ̀ ti ya wọ̀lú. ― A mudslide has flowed into the town.

Derived terms

• àkúnya

 

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jà/

Verb

yà

1. to turn

   Lọ tààrà, kó o sì yà sósì. ― Go straight, then turn left.

Etymology 6

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jà/

Verb

yà

1. to depict; to draw; to take (picture)

   Yà mí ní fọ́tò níbí báyìí. ― Take my picture here.

   Ó ń ya àwòrán. ― He's drawing a picture.

Usage notes

• ya when followed by direct object.

Derived terms

• ayafọ́tò (“photographer”)
• ayàwòrán (“artist”)
• fọ́tò yíyà (“photography”)
• yàwòrán (“to draw a picture”)
• ìyàwòrán (“drawing”)

 

Etymology 7

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jà/

Verb

yà

1. to comb

Usage notes

• ya when followed by direct object.

Derived terms

• yarun (“to comb hair”)
• ìyarun (“comb”)
• òòyà (“comb”)

 

Etymology 8

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jà/

Verb

yà

1. to split; to divide

   Ibí ni ọ̀nà ti yà. ― The road branches off from here.

2. (with ẹnu (“mouth”)) to surprise; to shock

   Ó yà wá lẹ́nu gan-an. ― It surprised us a lot.

   Ẹnu ya mí. ― I was shocked

Usage notes

• ya when followed by direct object.

Derived terms

• ẹ̀yà (“part”)
• yanu (“to open the mouth”)
• yà sọ́tọ̀ (“to separate; to reserve”)
• ìpínyà (“division; separation”)
• ìyanu (“wonder; miracle”)

 

Etymology 9

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jà/

Verb

yà

1. to become; to be

   ya wèrè ― to go crazy

   ya pòkíì ― to become a delinquent

   ya ọ̀lẹ ― to be lazy

   yabo ― to go well (in reference to a year)

   ya ahun ― to become stingy

Usage notes

• ya when followed by direct object.
• usually has a negative connotation

Derived terms

• yàtọ̀ (“to be different”)

 

Etymology 10

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jà/

Verb

yà

1. to visit

   Synonym: bẹ̀

   Mo ya ilé ọ̀rẹ́ ìyá mi lánàá ― I visited my mother's friend's house yesterday.

Usage notes

• ya when followed by direct object.

Derived terms

• omíyalé
• àgbàrá ya ṣọ́ọ̀bù

 

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.

Verb

-ya

1. (intransitive) to go to, towards [with locative]

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukuya
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuya	ukungayi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	yiya	-ye
Plural	yiyani	-yeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyaya, ngiya	engiyayo, engiya	ngiya	angiyi	engingayi	ngingayi
2nd singular	uyaya, uya	oyayo, oya	uya	awuyi	ongayi	ungayi
1st plural	siyaya, siya	esiyayo, esiya	siya	asiyi	esingayi	singayi
2nd plural	niyaya, niya	eniyayo, eniya	niya	aniyi	eningayi	ningayi
Class 1	uyaya, uya	oyayo, oya	eya	akayi	ongayi	engayi
Class 2	bayaya, baya	abayayo, abaya	beya	abayi	abangayi	bengayi
Class 3	uyaya, uya	oyayo, oya	uya	awuyi	ongayi	ungayi
Class 4	iyaya, iya	eyayo, eya	iya	ayiyi	engayi	ingayi
Class 5	liyaya, liya	eliyayo, eliya	liya	aliyi	elingayi	lingayi
Class 6	ayaya, aya	ayayo, aya	eya	awayi	angayi	engayi
Class 7	siyaya, siya	esiyayo, esiya	siya	asiyi	esingayi	singayi
Class 8	ziyaya, ziya	eziyayo, eziya	ziya	aziyi	ezingayi	zingayi
Class 9	iyaya, iya	eyayo, eya	iya	ayiyi	engayi	ingayi
Class 10	ziyaya, ziya	eziyayo, eziya	ziya	aziyi	ezingayi	zingayi
Class 11	luyaya, luya	oluyayo, oluya	luya	aluyi	olungayi	lungayi
Class 14	buyaya, buya	obuyayo, obuya	buya	abuyi	obungayi	bungayi
Class 15	kuyaya, kuya	okuyayo, okuya	kuya	akuyi	okungayi	kungayi
Class 17	kuyaya, kuya	okuyayo, okuya	kuya	akuyi	okungayi	kungayi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyile, ngiyē	engiyile, engiyē	ngiyile, ngiyē	angiyanga	engingayanga	ngingayanga
2nd singular	uyile, uyē	oyile, oyē	uyile, uyē	awuyanga	ongayanga	ungayanga
1st plural	siyile, siyē	esiyile, esiyē	siyile, siyē	asiyanga	esingayanga	singayanga
2nd plural	niyile, niyē	eniyile, eniyē	niyile, niyē	aniyanga	eningayanga	ningayanga
Class 1	uyile, uyē	oyile, oyē	eyile, eyē	akayanga	ongayanga	engayanga
Class 2	bayile, bayē	abayile, abayē	beyile, beyē	abayanga	abangayanga	bengayanga
Class 3	uyile, uyē	oyile, oyē	uyile, uyē	awuyanga	ongayanga	ungayanga
Class 4	iyile, iyē	eyile, eyē	iyile, iyē	ayiyanga	engayanga	ingayanga
Class 5	liyile, liyē	eliyile, eliyē	liyile, liyē	aliyanga	elingayanga	lingayanga
Class 6	ayile, ayē	ayile, ayē	eyile, eyē	awayanga	angayanga	engayanga
Class 7	siyile, siyē	esiyile, esiyē	siyile, siyē	asiyanga	esingayanga	singayanga
Class 8	ziyile, ziyē	eziyile, eziyē	ziyile, ziyē	aziyanga	ezingayanga	zingayanga
Class 9	iyile, iyē	eyile, eyē	iyile, iyē	ayiyanga	engayanga	ingayanga
Class 10	ziyile, ziyē	eziyile, eziyē	ziyile, ziyē	aziyanga	ezingayanga	zingayanga
Class 11	luyile, luyē	oluyile, oluyē	luyile, luyē	aluyanga	olungayanga	lungayanga
Class 14	buyile, buyē	obuyile, obuyē	buyile, buyē	abuyanga	obungayanga	bungayanga
Class 15	kuyile, kuyē	okuyile, okuyē	kuyile, kuyē	akuyanga	okungayanga	kungayanga
Class 17	kuyile, kuyē	okuyile, okuyē	kuyile, kuyē	akuyanga	okungayanga	kungayanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāya	engāya	ngāya	angiyanga	engingayanga	ngingayanga
2nd singular	wāya	owāya	wāya	awuyanga	ongayanga	ungayanga
1st plural	sāya	esāya	sāya	asiyanga	esingayanga	singayanga
2nd plural	nāya	enāya	nāya	aniyanga	eningayanga	ningayanga
Class 1	wāya	owāya	āya	akayanga	ongayanga	engayanga
Class 2	bāya	abāya	bāya	abayanga	abangayanga	bengayanga
Class 3	wāya	owāya	wāya	awuyanga	ongayanga	ungayanga
Class 4	yāya	eyāya	yāya	ayiyanga	engayanga	ingayanga
Class 5	lāya	elāya	lāya	aliyanga	elingayanga	lingayanga
Class 6	āya	āya	āya	awayanga	angayanga	engayanga
Class 7	sāya	esāya	sāya	asiyanga	esingayanga	singayanga
Class 8	zāya	ezāya	zāya	aziyanga	ezingayanga	zingayanga
Class 9	yāya	eyāya	yāya	ayiyanga	engayanga	ingayanga
Class 10	zāya	ezāya	zāya	aziyanga	ezingayanga	zingayanga
Class 11	lwāya	olwāya	lwāya	aluyanga	olungayanga	lungayanga
Class 14	bāya	obāya	bāya	abuyanga	obungayanga	bungayanga
Class 15	kwāya	okwāya	kwāya	akuyanga	okungayanga	kungayanga
Class 17	kwāya	okwāya	kwāya	akuyanga	okungayanga	kungayanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingaya	—	ngingaya	ngingeye	—	ngingeye
2nd singular	ungaya	—	ungaya	ungeye	—	ungeye
1st plural	singaya	—	singaya	singeye	—	singeye
2nd plural	ningaya	—	ningaya	ningeye	—	ningeye
Class 1	angaya	—	engaya	angeye	—	engeye
Class 2	bangaya	—	bengaya	bangeye	—	bengeye
Class 3	ungaya	—	ungaya	ungeye	—	ungeye
Class 4	ingaya	—	ingaya	ingeye	—	ingeye
Class 5	lingaya	—	lingaya	lingeye	—	lingeye
Class 6	angaya	—	engaya	angeye	—	engeye
Class 7	singaya	—	singaya	singeye	—	singeye
Class 8	zingaya	—	zingaya	zingeye	—	zingeye
Class 9	ingaya	—	ingaya	ingeye	—	ingeye
Class 10	zingaya	—	zingaya	zingeye	—	zingeye
Class 11	lungaya	—	lungaya	lungeye	—	lungeye
Class 14	bungaya	—	bungaya	bungeye	—	bungeye
Class 15	kungaya	—	kungaya	kungeye	—	kungeye
Class 17	kungaya	—	kungaya	kungeye	—	kungeye
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokuya	engizokuya	ngizokuya	angizukuya	engingezukuya	ngingezukuya
2nd singular	uzokuya	ozokuya	uzokuya	awuzukuya	ongezukuya	ungezukuya
1st plural	sizokuya	esizokuya	sizokuya	asizukuya	esingezukuya	singezukuya
2nd plural	nizokuya	enizokuya	nizokuya	anizukuya	eningezukuya	ningezukuya
Class 1	uzokuya	ozokuya	ezokuya	akazukuya	ongezukuya	engezukuya
Class 2	bazokuya	abazokuya	bezokuya	abazukuya	abangezukuya	bengezukuya
Class 3	uzokuya	ozokuya	uzokuya	awuzukuya	ongezukuya	ungezukuya
Class 4	izokuya	ezokuya	izokuya	ayizukuya	engezukuya	ingezukuya
Class 5	lizokuya	elizokuya	lizokuya	alizukuya	elingezukuya	lingezukuya
Class 6	azokuya	azokuya	ezokuya	awazukuya	angezukuya	engezukuya
Class 7	sizokuya	esizokuya	sizokuya	asizukuya	esingezukuya	singezukuya
Class 8	zizokuya	ezizokuya	zizokuya	azizukuya	ezingezukuya	zingezukuya
Class 9	izokuya	ezokuya	izokuya	ayizukuya	engezukuya	ingezukuya
Class 10	zizokuya	ezizokuya	zizokuya	azizukuya	ezingezukuya	zingezukuya
Class 11	luzokuya	oluzokuya	luzokuya	aluzukuya	olungezukuya	lungezukuya
Class 14	buzokuya	obuzokuya	buzokuya	abuzukuya	obungezukuya	bungezukuya
Class 15	kuzokuya	okuzokuya	kuzokuya	akuzukuya	okungezukuya	kungezukuya
Class 17	kuzokuya	okuzokuya	kuzokuya	akuzukuya	okungezukuya	kungezukuya
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokuya	engiyokuya	ngiyokuya	angiyukuya	engingeyukuya	ngingeyukuya
2nd singular	uyokuya	oyokuya	uyokuya	awuyukuya	ongeyukuya	ungeyukuya
1st plural	siyokuya	esiyokuya	siyokuya	asiyukuya	esingeyukuya	singeyukuya
2nd plural	niyokuya	eniyokuya	niyokuya	aniyukuya	eningeyukuya	ningeyukuya
Class 1	uyokuya	oyokuya	eyokuya	akayukuya	ongeyukuya	engeyukuya
Class 2	bayokuya	abayokuya	beyokuya	abayukuya	abangeyukuya	bengeyukuya
Class 3	uyokuya	oyokuya	uyokuya	awuyukuya	ongeyukuya	ungeyukuya
Class 4	iyokuya	eyokuya	iyokuya	ayiyukuya	engeyukuya	ingeyukuya
Class 5	liyokuya	eliyokuya	liyokuya	aliyukuya	elingeyukuya	lingeyukuya
Class 6	ayokuya	ayokuya	eyokuya	awayukuya	angeyukuya	engeyukuya
Class 7	siyokuya	esiyokuya	siyokuya	asiyukuya	esingeyukuya	singeyukuya
Class 8	ziyokuya	eziyokuya	ziyokuya	aziyukuya	ezingeyukuya	zingeyukuya
Class 9	iyokuya	eyokuya	iyokuya	ayiyukuya	engeyukuya	ingeyukuya
Class 10	ziyokuya	eziyokuya	ziyokuya	aziyukuya	ezingeyukuya	zingeyukuya
Class 11	luyokuya	oluyokuya	luyokuya	aluyukuya	olungeyukuya	lungeyukuya
Class 14	buyokuya	obuyokuya	buyokuya	abuyukuya	obungeyukuya	bungeyukuya
Class 15	kuyokuya	okuyokuya	kuyokuya	akuyukuya	okungeyukuya	kungeyukuya
Class 17	kuyokuya	okuyokuya	kuyokuya	akuyukuya	okungeyukuya	kungeyukuya
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngiye	ngingayi
2nd singular	uye	ungayi
1st plural	siye	singayi
2nd plural	niye	ningayi
Class 1	aye	angayi
Class 2	baye	bangayi
Class 3	uye	ungayi
Class 4	iye	ingayi
Class 5	liye	lingayi
Class 6	aye	angayi
Class 7	siye	singayi
Class 8	ziye	zingayi
Class 9	iye	ingayi
Class 10	ziye	zingayi
Class 11	luye	lungayi
Class 14	buye	bungayi
Class 15	kuye	kungayi
Class 17	kuye	kungayi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngaya	ngangaya, angaya, angangaya
2nd singular	waya	wangaya, awaya, awangaya
1st plural	saya	sangaya, asaya, asangaya
2nd plural	naya	nangaya, anaya, anangaya
Class 1	waya	wangaya, akaya, akangaya
Class 2	baya	bangaya, abaya, abangaya
Class 3	waya	wangaya, awaya, awangaya
Class 4	yaya	yangaya, ayaya, ayangaya
Class 5	laya	langaya, alaya, alangaya
Class 6	aya	angaya, awaya, awangaya
Class 7	saya	sangaya, asaya, asangaya
Class 8	zaya	zangaya, azaya, azangaya
Class 9	yaya	yangaya, ayaya, ayangaya
Class 10	zaya	zangaya, azaya, azangaya
Class 11	lwaya	lwangaya, alwaya, alwangaya
Class 14	baya	bangaya, abaya, abangaya
Class 15	kwaya	kwangaya, akwaya, akwangaya
Class 17	kwaya	kwangaya, akwaya, akwangaya

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “ya”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ya”

Zuni

Noun

ya

1. moon