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RNA gene therapies offer hope for millions with high cholesterol
Base editing, antisense oligonucleotides and siRNA therapies that target low-density lipoprotein and the genes encoding molecules that regulate it are being tested in several clinical trials.
Since the late 1980s, statins have been the mainstay of cholesterol management, lowering low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels and preventing countless heart attacks. Yet many patients do not achieve their target LDL cholesterol levels, either because adherence to daily medication is a challenge or because their genetic profiles make achieving optimal cholesterol levels more difficult. Emerging RNA-based therapies, however, are changing the treatment landscape by targeting cholesterol at the genetic level in the liver (where most cholesterol is made), offering the possibility of long-lasting effects with fewer doses. Although these drugs were initially developed for people with genetic causes of high cholesterol, clinical trials are now testing their wider use.