A pronounced increase in atmospheric CO₂ coincided with warming at the end of the Late Palaeozoic Ice Age, according to an 80-million-year-long boron isotope CO₂ proxy record.

The seasonal timing of peak primary productivity in the eastern equatorial Atlantic is a result of wind-driven processes coinciding with increased surface nitrate supply, according to transect and mooring observations.

Numerical simulations suggest that Pluto’s moon Charon was captured intact, in a scenario in which the two bodies temporarily merged in a collision but did not coalesce due to solid strength effects.

Kinetic sorption and transformation are primary controls on organic carbon preservation in marine sediments, according to reactive transport model simulations of the cycling and breakdown of particulate and mineral-phase organic carbon.

Deep permafrost soils produce comparable amounts of greenhouse gases as shallow soils in response to warming, according to incubation experiments of deep Arctic lake sediments.

Biogenic sulfate production during the penultimate glacial period only modestly exceeded that in the following interglacial, indicating a balancing of dust-driven Subantarctic productivity increases and sea ice-driven high-latitude declines, according to an Antarctic ice core.

Chemical, physical and biological forces all act to weather minerals. Rebecca Lybrand explores how mineral transformations are ubiquitous in the environment and in our daily lives.

Sphalerite is a trickster with the ability to incorporate a range of elements. Max Frenzel and Sam Thiele explain how sphalerite’s tricks can be used to explore ore-forming environments.