Papers by Dak Bahadur khadka
International Journal of Social Sciences and Management, Oct 30, 2023
Traditional agriculture practices are time consuming, less productive and uneconomic. Due to unco... more Traditional agriculture practices are time consuming, less productive and uneconomic. Due to uncontrolled use of resources and inputs frequently occurred by farmers caused environmental degradation, land loss and economic loss of farmers. Smart farming known as Precision agriculture which uses the modern technology and tools such as Global position system, Geographic information system, remote sensing and information and communication in integrations provides detail information about crop growth, soil conditions, nutrient level, irrigation systems as data sets which helps to take decisions in right time so that it increases the crop productivity. The use of tools like GPS, GIS and Remote sensing optimize the use of natural resources and inputs for a given crop production and quality. Agriculture becomes more productive and consistent by digital technology and effective use of resources and time. The main gist of this study is to present the scope and implications of the precision agriculture (PA) in future.
International journal of social sciences and management, Apr 29, 2024
Energy of water is to be dissipated forming hydraulic jump. The strength of jump depends on initi... more Energy of water is to be dissipated forming hydraulic jump. The strength of jump depends on initial Froude number. The length of jump depends on the alternate depths. . This study is purposed to examine the effect of upstream face slope of weir in three models at vertical faced ogee shape weir, 60 degree slope ogee shape and 45 degree slope ogee shape weir in the case of jump formation at downstream side. The experiments were conducted in three discharge variations of magnitude 100 cm 3 /sec, 150cm3/sec and200cm 3 /sec. The depths and velocity at upstream, at crest, at toe and at tail location were measured and analyzed. From the comparative study the water rise in upstream was more in vertical faced weir than in others. The variation in velocity, Froude number found increased with the increase in discharge in all cases. The hydraulic jump length and loss in energy were changed with the change in discharge. The most effective length of stilling basin was found in case of vertical faced weir on the basis of jump length whereas from the energy dissipation point of view the maximum energy was dissipated in 60 degree slope face weir but the length of jump was greater in this weir. The coefficient of discharge variations were observed for all models and found in the range of 1.5 to 1.8 which is very close to the textbook value that showed the robustness of the experiments conducted.
Journal of Engineering Research and Reports
This study assesses the groundwater potential in Sunsari district of Nepal by using a multi-crite... more This study assesses the groundwater potential in Sunsari district of Nepal by using a multi-criteria decision analysis tool along with remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS).The study has taken precipitation, Land use/cover (LULC), slope, geology, drainage density, lineament density, soil, and canal density as key influencing factors for determining the groundwater potential of the study area. The Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) technique was adopted in deriving the relative weights of these criteria and sub-criteria based on a review of the literature according to their relative importance in recharging the groundwater. The final thematic map of groundwater potential zones was prepared based on a groundwater potential index computed by aggregating the selected thematic layer with appropriate weights. The groundwater potential zones are classified into three zones based on the score of the groundwater potential index. The generated groundwater potential zones w...
Journal of Fundamentals of Renewable Energy and Applications, 2021
Time of concentration is defined in many ways in literature and it is calculated rather subjectiv... more Time of concentration is defined in many ways in literature and it is calculated rather subjectively in practice. The situation becomes adverse as the terrain slope reaches to zero; because the slope generally appears in the denominator of any formula for time of concentration, this time goes to infinity as the slope becomes zero. Estimation of it seems very paradox in nature (Grimaldi, 2012).The variables affecting this time parameter on highly permeable slope plot have been studied through plot scale laboratory experiments using rainfall simulator on artificial catchment prepared. It has been found that the initial moisture content and rainfall rate control this parameter. Some of the existing times of concentration methods have been compared, and it is found that the empirical models compared under predict this time parameter. This under prediction can be attributed first to the differing concepts of time of concentration previous researchers have been modeled, secondly to the ab...
Open Journal of Civil Engineering, 2019
The estimation of peak discharge from a catchment due to intense rainfall is a difficult task tha... more The estimation of peak discharge from a catchment due to intense rainfall is a difficult task that may occur in a return period. If cannot be estimated accurately, it may lead to serious problem in hydraulic structure design like bridge, culvert across a river and drainage system. The main parameter which affects the peak flow is runoff coefficient of the catchment which directly depends on the soil type, its slope and land use pattern with vegetation covers. For the purpose, this study was carried out to estimate maximum runoff coefficients for different land profiles and soil types in hill slope model developed in 10 degree with the horizontal to the rainfall simulator rig (Basic Hydrology system-S12) experimentally which can give more reliable value than the real field test method as it is easier than field test especially in hill slope. The soil slope preparation was made of sand, silt and clay separately and the experiments were carried out in a controlled system. The slope pre...
Journal of Engineering Research and Reports
In unconfined aquifer water flows in both horizontal and vertical direction when pumping. So its ... more In unconfined aquifer water flows in both horizontal and vertical direction when pumping. So its study during pumping action is more complex. Soil type, porosity, hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity are important parameters that control the specific yield, drawdown and radius of influence on aquifer while abstraction. Due to large extraction of water from the aquifer, the water table drops down and may lead to permanent depletion of yield capacity of aquifer. For practical understanding of water being pumped from aquifer and its impacts on water storage the easiest method is experimental approach .So therefore, this study was planned to carry out the well abstraction from unconfined aquifer of homogeneous sandy soil designed as physical model on rainfall simulator at hydraulic laboratory hall of Campus itself. The catchment dimension is 2.2 meter length, 1 meter width and 0.15 meter depth with impermeable base filled with fine sand as per specification. The simulator was adjus...
Open Journal of Civil Engineering
Study of the groundwater table development and runoff generation is one of the most important par... more Study of the groundwater table development and runoff generation is one of the most important parts of hydrology to develop a clear concept, especially in hill slope. The study is more complex in the real field rather than in the artificial system. The result in artificial systems developed and experimental observations may give good results. So, therefore, this study is aimed at modeling in the laboratory as artificial hill slope flows which include saturation excess surface runoff flows. The physical processes along with runoff generation depend on the factors-soil type, characteristic slope geometry, and initial soil conditions at the commencement of rainfall. The mechanisms involved in runoff formation process have been simulated successfully to compute hydrograph for hilly terrain and groundwater table development in highly permeable soil tested by kinematic storage model theory. The model represents the hill slope as a rectangular storage element of length 2.02 m, depth 0.15 m and width 1m With an impermeable bed making an angle of 10 degrees with the horizontal. The storage element is composed of two moisture zones: an unsaturated zone and a saturated zone. The result obtained is seemed good adjustment to the theory of hill slope model given by Nm Shakya, 1995. Aslo, the moisture profile variation in mixed sand profile was found immediately after the rainfall event. The result obtained shows that the timing and distribution of moisture over the depth where the maximum moisture content is 0.4 in mid of the depth which is more than in surface having a moisture level of 0.37.
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Papers by Dak Bahadur khadka