Abstract
The spatial distribution of eddy diffusivity, basic characteristics of coherent mesoscale eddies and their relationship are analyzed from numerical model outputs in the Southern Ocean. Mesoscale fluctuation information is obtained by a temporal-spatial filtering method, and the eddy diffusivity is calculated using a linear regression analysis between isoneutral thickness flux and large-scale isoneutral thickness gradient. The eddy diffusivity is on the order of O (103 m2/s) with a significant spatial variation, and it is larger in the area with strong coherent mesoscale eddy activity. The mesoscale eddies are mainly located in the upper ocean layer, with the average intensity no larger than 0.2. The mean radius of the coherent mesoscale cyclonic (anticyclonic) eddy gradually decays from (121.2±10.4) km ((117.8±9.6) km) at 30°S to (43.9±5.3) km ((44.7±4.9) km) at 65°S. Their vertical penetration depths (lifespans) are deeper (longer) between the northern side of the Subpolar Antarctic Front and 48°S. The normalized eddy diffusivity and coherent mesoscale eddy activity show a significant positive correlation, indicating that coherent mesoscale eddy plays an important role in eddy diffusivity.
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Acknowledgements
The Southern Ocean State Estimate (SOSE) data are downloaded from http://sose.ucsd.edu/sose_stateestimation_data_08.html, and computational resources for SOSE are supported by NSF XSEDE resource grant (OCE130007). The altimeter products are produced by the Ssalto/Duacs and distributed by AVISO, with support from the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (http://www.aviso.oceanobs.com/duacs/). We thank Hailong Liu (Institute of Atmospheric Physicals, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Jianhua Lu (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Fuchang Wang (Shanghai Jiao Tong University) for the constructive discussion. We thank Matthew Mazloff (Scripps Institution of Oceanography) for the kindly help in data download. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and helpful suggestions.
Funding
Foundation item: The National Key Research Programs of China under contract No. 2017YFA0604100; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41906008, 41806039 and 41706205; the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR under contract No. QNHX2022; the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology under contract No. 2019r049; the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of Zhejiang Ocean University; the Innovation Group Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) under contract No. 311020004.
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Sun, W., Yang, J., Tan, W. et al. Eddy diffusivity and coherent mesoscale eddy analysis in the Southern Ocean. Acta Oceanol. Sin. 40, 1–16 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-021-1881-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-021-1881-4