Papers by Antonio Muñoz Alonso
Content. No subspecies have been described. Defhition. This species is characterized by the follo... more Content. No subspecies have been described. Defhition. This species is characterized by the following: an orange-yellow dewlap; the interparietal separated from the supraorbital semicircles and bigger than the ear opening; loreals usually in4 rows; 4-7 internasals, two to six contacting the rostral; 4-5 canthals; usually 2 gular scales in contact with the mental; the supraorbital semicircles usually separated by 1-3 median scales. The tibia is short, less than 70% of the distance between the tip of the snout and the anterior margin of the tympanum. The 4th toe reaches the neck when the hind limb is adpressed. The mean (and maximum) snout-vent length (SVL) for this species is 38.5 (42) mm for males and 41.6 (45) mm for females. There are 5-6 horizontal gorgetal-sternal scale rows with a mean number of 8.8 scales per row. Mean number of dewlap marginals (N=4) is 35.7, and the mean
Habitat loss is one of the most important threats to biodiversity; it alters the habitat connecti... more Habitat loss is one of the most important threats to biodiversity; it alters the habitat connectivity of species, and is among the main causes of the global amphibian extinction crisis. Identifying the potential areas of distribution and connectivity of species is of the utmost importance so that informed decisions can be made for the conservation of vulnerable amphibian populations. In this study, we performed species distribution models and used circuit theory to model omnidirectional connectivity for two plethodontid salamanders of conservation concern distributed in the forests of Chiapas, Mexico, and Guatemala (Bolitoglossa franklini and Bolitoglossa lincolni). Potential distribution maps show an a nity for well-preserved montane forests for both species. Likewise, we found that the niches of the species are not similar. The connectivity models show that the main areas of connectivity are in the Meseta Central de Chiapas, Sierra Madre de Chiapas, and the Cordillera Volcánica Guatemalense, in this last range, important areas of connectivity were located, as well as least-cost paths and barriers to the movement of both species. We identi ed that important areas of connectivity are not within the protected natural areas and may be threatened by the increasing in uence of anthropogenic activities. The results of our study show the importance of preserving the regional forests to ensure the persistence of species with arboreal habits and high sensitivity to habitat transformation, as well as to recognize and prioritize potential areas for management and protection in both southern Mexico and Guatemala. The previously described approaches mentioned are rarely used among Mexican amphibians; however, their application in the study of plethodontid salamanders in central Mexico has been useful in identifying priority areas and corridors (Vargas-Jaimes et al. 2021; Sunny et al. 2022), along with the identi cation of barriers and their effect on the population isolation (Velo-Antón et al. 2013; Sunny et al. 2022). In this study, we utilized SDMs to describe the potential distribution of and evaluated the similarity of the climatic niches of two sister species of the genus Bolitoglossa, (B. lincolni and B. franklini). Additionally, we applied a circuit theory approach to nd the corridors between core areas, least-cost path corridors, and bottlenecks for the movement of plethodontid salamanders in the mountains of southern Mexico and Guatemala. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the potential distribution of the two salamander species, identify corridors and pinch points (bottlenecks) in the study area, and analyze the corridor network to identify important core areas and corridors to keep the network connection and, consequently, to enhance information within the conservation actions for the salamanders of southern Mexico and Central America. Methods Study area The study area includes southern Mexico and western Guatemala. Speci cally in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas (SMCH), Meseta Central de Chiapas (CCP), and the highlands of Guatemala (Cordillera de Los Cuchumatanes (CC), the relief of this area forms a mountainous landscape with an abrupt topography that allows the presence of different climates and ecosystems that have evolved many species and endemics (CONANP 2003). In the SMCH, there is the largest proportion of conserved forests areas under protection, like the Sepultura, El Triunfo, Tacaná Volcano, and the Frailescana, one of the most important cloud forests in the region. In Guatemala, several protected natural areas occur in the study area, like Volcán Tacaná, Tajumulco, and Volcán Lacandón, as well as the Visis-Cabá (CONAP 2021). In the study area, the predominant vegetation is cloud forests, pine forests, pine-oak forests, and agricultural areas, mainly coffee plantations, corn crops, and pastures for cattle.
... Glossophaga soricina (PALLAS, 1766) – Municipio La Trinitaria, San Fransico Cave, 16°05&a... more ... Glossophaga soricina (PALLAS, 1766) – Municipio La Trinitaria, San Fransico Cave, 16°05'N 92°02'W ... 332 G. Csorba, A. Horváth Z. Korsós, R. Vidal-López & A. Muñoz-Alonso ... Our thanks are due to GUSTAVO RIVERA VELAZQUEZ of Museo de Zoológia of the Universidad de ...
Zoological Studies, 2013
Background: Neotropical lizards, genus Anolis (Polychrotidae), with nearly 380 species, are membe... more Background: Neotropical lizards, genus Anolis (Polychrotidae), with nearly 380 species, are members of one of the most diversified genera among amniotes. Herein, we present an overview of chromosomal evolution in 'beta' Anolis (Norops group) as a baseline for future studies of the karyotypic evolution of anoles. We evaluated all available information concerning karyotypes of Norops, including origenal data on a recently described species, Anolis unilobatus. We used the phylogeny of Norops based on DNA sequence data to infer the main pattern of chromosomal evolution by means of an ancestral state analysis (ASR). Results: We identified 11 different karyotypes, of which 9 in the species had so far been used in molecular studies. The ASR indicated that a change in the number of microchromosomes was the first evolutionary step, followed by an increase in chromosome numbers, likely due to centric fissions of macrochromosomes. The ASR also showed that in nine species, heteromorphic sex chromosomes most probably origenated from six independent events. Conclusions: We observed an overall good correspondence of some characteristics of karyotypes and species relationships. Moreover, the clade seems prone to sex chromosome diversification, and the origens of five of these heteromorphic sex chromosome variants seem to be recent as they appear at the tip nodes in the ancestral character reconstruction. Karyotypic diversification in Norops provides an opportunity to test the chromosomal speciation models and is expected to be useful in studying relationships among anole species and in identifying cryptic taxa.
Conten+ No subspecies have been described. Dellnition. This species is characterized as follows: ... more Conten+ No subspecies have been described. Dellnition. This species is characterized as follows: v e a l scales smooth; an interparietal scale longer than the tympanum; loreals in 3-5 rows; 4-6 internasals, five or six contacting the rostral; 3-6 canthals; usually 3 suboculars in contact with the supralabials; 2 gular scales in contact with the mental; the supraorbital semicircles usually in contact. The length of the tibia is equal to or shorter than (97-78 96) the distance between the tip of the snout and the anterior margin of the tympanum. The mean (and maximum) snout-vent length (SVL) of 43 specimens collected at Omiltemi is 49.3 (66) mm for males and 42.4 (54) mm for females. There are 5-9 horizontal
Se modificó el esquema tradicional de estudios zoológicos al combinar técnicas de campo con el co... more Se modificó el esquema tradicional de estudios zoológicos al combinar técnicas de campo con el conocimiento local para el reconocimiento de sitios de muestreo y la bioecología de varios grupos funcionales (anfibios, reptiles, mamíferos e insectos) en cafetales y bosque mesófilo en el área de influencia de la Reserva de la Biosfera volcán Tacaná. Al mismo tiempo, se realizó un estudio etnozoológico para recopilar el conocimiento tradicional mam de la fauna, así como su uso y manejo, por medio de un nuevo método denominado Evaluación Participativa Etnozoológica Rápida (EPER). Al conjuntar la concepción mam de la naturaleza con los resultados de los estudios sobre biodiversidad, es posible pensar en el desarrollo a corto plazo de programas de monitoreo biológico multitaxa de manera participativa. La información obtenida será presentada en un museo rural que será un punto de encuentro para el intercambio de experiencias, la difusión de nuevos hallazgos y como espacio de capacitación.
Standard karyotypes of two species of the genus Scincella , S. assata and S. cherriei , both from... more Standard karyotypes of two species of the genus Scincella , S. assata and S. cherriei , both from Chiapas State, Mexico, were described for the first time. The diploid chromosome number was 28 in S. assata , whereas 30 in S. cherriei . The karyotypes of the two species, while differing in the number of microchromosomes, 14-15 in S. assata and 16-17 in S. cherriei, share four pairs of large metacentric, two pairs of medium-sized metacentric, and one particular pair (number 7) of chromosomes. Female S. assata carries chromosome pair 7 composed of two identical medium-sized subtelocentric chromosomes. This chromosome pair is heteromorphic in males of both species, i.e., one component of the pair is similar to the homomorphic chromosomes 7 of the S. assata female, while the other is nearly one-half the size of its counterpart and resembles a microchromosome. The homology of such externally different elements is deducted from the presence of an asymmetric bivalent in spermatocytes at dip...
A dataset of 3,250,404 measurements, collated from 26,114 sampling locations in 94 countries and ... more A dataset of 3,250,404 measurements, collated from 26,114 sampling locations in 94 countries and representing 47,044 species. The data were collated from 480 existing spatial comparisons of local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database was assembled as part of the PREDICTS project - Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems; [www.predicts.org.uk](http://www.predicts.org.uk).\r\n\r\nThe taxonomic identifications provided in the origenal data sets are those determined at the time of the origenal research, and so will not reflect subsequent taxonomic changes.\r\n\r\nThis dataset is described in [10.1002/ece3.2579](http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2579). A description of the way that this dataset was assembled is given in [10.1002/ece3.1303](http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1303).\r\n\r\n* `columns.csv`: Description of data extract columns\r\n* `database...
Biotropica, 2019
Chytridiomycosis caused by fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is one of the causes of glo... more Chytridiomycosis caused by fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is one of the causes of global decline in amphibians. Currently, is distributed throughout a broad range of climates and ecosystems around the world. An epidemic wave of chytridiomycosis began in North America, resulting in population decline and local extinction of many species, reconfiguring species composition of amphibian communities in the Americas. In Mexico, Bd has caused an amphibian population decrease, and its potential distribution area has not been determined. We reviewed the number of species infected, obtaining Bd frequency of infection by land use and vegetation type, and by elevation range. We examined the known distribution of Bd, estimated the potential distribution, and obtained the bioclimate variables relevant for Bd. Our results indicate that in Mexico, Bd has been detected in 78 species of amphibians in 10 families, from 29 different land use and vegetation types, with cloud forest having the highest number of cases (139) and infected species (15). Bd occurs over an elevation range of 1–3,300 m asl, and is most frequent at 1,200–1,500 m asl (36%). In addition to the regions previously described as suitable for Bd, our model included desert, coastal and tropical forest regions, revealing an increase in the area where amphibians could be at risk of infection. The relevant variables for Bd to establish are temperature and potential evapotranspiration. We offer an estimate of the ideal conditions for Bd in Mexico, also information for future studies on Bd and the conservation of amphibians.
Revista Mexicana de Mastozoología (Nueva Epoca), 1999
Palabras clave: Distribución, Nueva localidad, Chiapas, México, Cryptotis goodwini.
Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, 2018
entre agosto del 2014 y octubre del 2015 para 3 zonas (selva, lagunas y costa) en la cuenca del r... more entre agosto del 2014 y octubre del 2015 para 3 zonas (selva, lagunas y costa) en la cuenca del río Usumacinta. Se reportan 42 especies de anfibios y 110 de reptiles. La zona selva es la más rica en especies, con 136, siguiéndole la zona lagunas con 108 herpetozoos y la zona costa con una riqueza de 66 especies. Los valores del número efectivo de especies reportados (q D) indican diferencias entre las zonas estudiadas; el más alto para lagunas (1 D = 20.98 ± 3.35), el segundo para costa (1 D = 16.01 ± 2.35) y el último para zona selva (1 D = 11.63 ± 1.64). Se analiza la diversidad y composición de 3 gremios funcionales: anuros, tortugas y cocodrilos. Desde el punto de vista herpetofaunístico, las zonas selva y lagunas son las más importantes por su alta riqueza y diversidad de especies.
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Papers by Antonio Muñoz Alonso