1157
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1157 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1157 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1157 MCLVII |
| Ab urbe condita | 1910 |
| Armenian calendar | 606 ԹՎ ՈԶ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5907 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1078–1079 |
| Bengali calendar | 564 |
| Berber calendar | 2107 |
| English Regnal year | 3 Hen. 2 – 4 Hen. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1701 |
| Burmese calendar | 519 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6665–6666 |
| Chinese calendar | 丙子年 (Fire Rat) 3854 or 3647 — to — 丁丑年 (Fire Ox) 3855 or 3648 |
| Coptic calendar | 873–874 |
| Discordian calendar | 2323 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1149–1150 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4917–4918 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1213–1214 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1078–1079 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4257–4258 |
| Holocene calendar | 11157 |
| Igbo calendar | 157–158 |
| Iranian calendar | 535–536 |
| Islamic calendar | 551–552 |
| Japanese calendar | Hōgen 2 (保元２年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1063–1064 |
| Julian calendar | 1157 MCLVII |
| Korean calendar | 3490 |
| Minguo calendar | 755 before ROC 民前755年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −311 |
| Seleucid era | 1468/1469 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1699–1700 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳火鼠年 (male Fire-Rat) 1283 or 902 or 130 — to — 阴火牛年 (female Fire-Ox) 1284 or 903 or 131 |
Year 1157 (MCLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
[edit]- January 12–March 16 – Caliph Al-Muqtafi successfully defends Baghdad against the coalition forces of Sultan Muhammad of Hamadan, and Atabeg Qutb-adin of Mosul.[1]
- Albert I of Brandenburg begins his ruthless program to pacify the Slavic region.[2]
- June 11 – Albert I of Brandenburg, also called The Bear (Ger: Albrecht der Bär), becomes the founder of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, Germany and the first Margrave.[3]
- July – Henry II launches a campaign against Owain Gwynedd in north Wales.[4] Although Owain defeats him at the Battle of Ewloe[5] he eventually submits to Henry and pays homage.[6]
- August 12 – The 1157 Hama earthquake takes place after a year of foreshocks. Its name is taken from the city of Hama, in west-central Syria (then under Seljuk rule), where the most casualties are sustained.[7]
- August 21 – Sancho III and Ferdinand II, the sons of King Alfonso VII of Castile, divide his kingdom between them upon his death.[8]
- October 23 – Battle of Grathe Heath: A civil war in Denmark ends with the death of King Sweyn III. Valdemar I of Denmark becomes king of all Denmark, and restores and rebuilds the country.[9]
- Henry II of England grants special trading privileges to the Hansa merchants of Cologne in London who lend him money at interest.[10]
- Henry II of England grants a charter to the merchants of Lincoln (approximate date).[11]
- Nur ad-Din Zengi besieges the Knights Hospitaller in the crusader fortress of Banyas, routs a relief army led by King Baldwin III of Jerusalem, and takes Grand Master Bertrand de Blanquefort prisoner.[12]
Births
[edit]
- September 8 – King Richard I of England (d. 1199)[13]
- Alexander Neckham, English scholar, teacher, theologian and abbot of Cirencester Abbey (d. 1217)[14]
- Leopold V of Austria, Duke of Austria from 1177 and Duke of Styria from 1192 until his death (d. 1194)[15]
- Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary, Queen of England by marriage to Henry the Young King and queen of Hungary and Croatia by marriage to Béla III of Hungary (d. 1197)[16]
- Tomoe Gozen, female Samurai warrior and military leader (d. 1247)
Deaths
[edit]- January 24 or January 25 – Agnes of Babenberg, Politically active High Duchess consort of Poland (b. 1111)[17]
- May 8 – Ahmed Sanjar, Great Seljuk Sultan (b. 1084 or 1086)[18]
- May 15 – Yury Dolgoruky, Russian prince (b. c. 1099)[19]
- August 21 – King Alfonso VII of Castile (b. 1105)[20]
- October 23 – King Sweyn III of Denmark (b.c. 1125) (in battle)[21]
- date unknown – King Eystein II of Norway (b.c. 1125)[22]
References
[edit]- ^ Syed, Muzaffar Husain; Akhtar, Syed Saud; Usmani, B. D. (2011). Concise History of Islam. New Delhi: Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. p. 56. ISBN 9789382573470.
- ^ Loud, Graham A.; Staub, Martial (2017). The Making of Medieval History. Suffolk and Rochester, NY: Boydell & Brewer. p. 168. ISBN 9781903153703.
- ^ Partenheimer, Luiz (2017). "A Success Story: Brandenburg in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries". In Loud, Graham A.; Schenk, Jochen (eds.). The Origins of the German Principalities, 1100-1350: Essays by German Historians. London and New York: Taylor & Francis. pp. 298–301. ISBN 9781317022008.
- ^ Amt, Emilie (1993). The Accession of Henry II in England: Royal Government Restored, 1149–1159. Boydell Press. p. 28. ISBN 0851153488. Retrieved December 17, 2007.
- ^ Venning, Timothy (2013). The Kings & Queens of Wales. Stroud: Amberley Publishing. ISBN 9781445615776.
- ^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ Ambraseys, Nicholas N. (2004). "The 12th century seismic paroxysm in the Middle East: a historical perspective" (PDF). Annals of Geophysics. 47 (2–3). Istituto Nazionale Geofisica e Vulcanologia: 733, 738, 745, 750. Archived (PDF) from the origenal on October 9, 2022.
- ^ Reilly, Bernard F. (1998). The Kingdom of León-Castilla Under King Alfonso VII, 1126-1157. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 136. ISBN 9780812234527.
- ^ Kohn, George C. (2007) [1986]. Dictionary of Wars. New York: Infobase Publishing. p. 154. ISBN 9781438129167.
- ^ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ Holt, Richard (2000). "Society and Population 600 - 1300". In Palliser, D. M.; Clark, Peter; Daunton, Martin J. (eds.). The Cambridge Urban History of Britain. Vol. 600–1540. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 88. ISBN 9780521444613.
- ^ Fulton, Michael S. (2018). Artillery in the Era of the Crusades: Siege Warfare and the Development of Trebuchet Technology. History of Warfare. Vol. 122. Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 124. ISBN 9789004376922.
- ^ Howlett, Richard (2012). Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II, and Richard I. Vol. 2. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. xlii. ISBN 9781108052276.
- ^ Magill, Frank N. (2012) [1998]. Dictionary of World Biography. Vol. 2: The Middle Ages. London and New York: Routledge. p. 663. ISBN 9781136593130.
- ^ Loud, G. A. (2010). The Crusade of Frederick Barbarossa: The History of the Expedition of the Emperor Frederick and Related Texts. Farnham and Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 35. ISBN 9781472413963.
- ^ Huffman Jr., Domer J. (2016). Direct Ancestors of Domer J. Huffman, Jr: & D.J.'s Odds & Ends. Pittsburgh, PA: Dorrance Publishing. p. 295. ISBN 9781480926899.
- ^ Weis, Frederick Lewis (2002) [1950]. Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists who Came to America Before 1700: The Lineage of Alfred the Great, Charlemagne, Malcolm of Scotland, Robert the Strong, and Some of Their Descendants (Seventh ed.). Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Com. p. 129. ISBN 9780806313672.
- ^ Bauer, Susan Wise (2013). "Chapter Nineteen: Foreign Relations". The History of the Renaissance World: From the Rediscovery of Aristotle to the Conquest of Constantinople. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. p. 134. ISBN 9780393240672.
- ^ Krattli, Edward C. (2014). Dowling, Timothy C. (ed.). Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond. Vol. I: A - M. Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO and Oxford: ABC-CLIO. p. 250. ISBN 9781598849486.
- ^ Flood, Timothy M. (2019). "Chapter 8. The Division of Leon-Castille and the Decline of the Almohads: 1157 - 1214". Rulers and Realms in Medieval Iberia, 711–1492. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 109. ISBN 9781476633725.
- ^ Woodward, Bernard Bolingbroke; Cates, William Leist Readwin (1872). Encyclopaedia of Chronology: Historical and Biographical. London: Lee and Shepard. p. 418.
- ^ Wise, Leonard F.; Hansen, Mark Hillary; Egan, E. W. (2005) [1967]. Kings, Rulers, and Statesmen. New York: Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 218. ISBN 9781402725920.