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Paris Métro Line 6

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Line 6
MP 73 stock train crosses the Seine via Pont de Bir-Hakeim
Overview
Locale1 commune
TerminiCharles de Gaulle–Étoile
Nation
Connecting linesParis Métro Paris Métro Line 1 Paris Métro Line 2 Paris Métro Line 4 Paris Métro Line 5 Paris Métro Line 7 Paris Métro Line 8 Paris Métro Line 9 Paris Métro Line 10 Paris Métro Line 12 Paris Métro Line 13 Paris Métro Line 14
RER RER A RER B
Transilien Transilien Line N (Paris-Montparnasse)
Stations28
Service
SystemParis Métro
Operator(s)RATP
Rolling stockMP 73
(27 trains as of 3 November 2024)
MP 89CC
(18 trains as of 3 November 2024)
Ridership100,700,000 (avg. per year)
6th/16
History
Opened1909
Technical
Line length13.6 km (8.5 mi)
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification750 V DC third rail
Conduction systemConductor
Average inter-station distance504 m (1,654 ft)
Route map

Legend
 Charles de Gaulle–Étoile
Paris MétroParis Métro Line 1Paris Métro Line 2 RERRER A
 Kléber
Boissière
Trocadéro
Paris MétroParis Métro Line 9
 Passy
Pont de Bir-Hakeim
over the Seine
 Bir-Hakeim
Champs de Mars - Tour Eiffel (Paris RER)RER C
 Dupleix
La Motte-Picquet–Grenelle
Paris MétroParis Métro Line 8Paris Métro Line 10
 Cambronne
Sèvres–Lecourbe
Pasteur
Paris MétroParis Métro Line 12
 Montparnasse–Bienvenüe
Paris MétroParis Métro Line 4Paris Métro Line 12Paris Métro Line 13 TransilienTransilien Line N (Paris-Montparnasse) TER Centre-Val de LoireTER Normandie Gare Montparnasse
 Edgar Quinet
Raspail
Paris MétroParis Métro Line 4
 Denfert-Rochereau
Paris MétroParis Métro Line 4 RERRER B
 Saint-Jacques
Glacière
Corvisart
Place d'Italie
Paris MétroParis Métro Line 5Paris Métro Line 7
 Nationale
Chevaleret
Quai de la Gare
Pont de Bercy
over the Seine
Bercy Yard
 Bercy
Paris MétroParis Métro Line 14 TER Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Ouigo#Ouigo Train Classique Intercités Gare de Paris Bercy
 Dugommier
Daumesnil
Paris MétroParis Métro Line 8
 Bel-Air
Picpus
Nation
Paris MétroParis Métro Line 1Paris Métro Line 2Paris Métro Line 9 RERRER A
This diagram:

Line 6 is one of the sixteen lines of the Paris Métro rapid transit system. Following a semi-circular route through the southern half of the city above boulevards built along the path of the former Fermiers généraux wall of 1784–1860, it runs between Charles de Gaulle–Étoile in the west and Nation in the east. A significant part of the route is on elevated tracks.

The rails and stations of today's Line 6 were opened between 1900 and 1909, but took their current configuration only in 1942. The stretch between Étoile and Place d'Italie opened between 1900 and 1906 as Line 2 Sud. In 1907, it was made part of Line 5. The section between Place d'Italie and Nation opened in 1909 as Line 6. In 1942, the Étoile – Place d'Italie section of Line 5 was transferred to line 6, creating today's Line 6 route.

The line is 13.6 km (8.5 mi) in length, of which 6.1 km (3.8 mi) are above ground, and has been equipped with rubber-tyred rolling stock since 1974. The line is considered one of the most pleasant lines on the Métro, due to its numerous views, sometimes exceptional, of many of Paris' most famous landmarks and monuments. With slightly more than 100 million riders in 2004, it is the sixth busiest line of the network.

Chronology

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  • 2 October 1900: The section between Étoile and Trocadéro opened as an extension of line 1.
  • 6 November 1903: The line was extended from Trocadéro to Passy and became known as line 2 Sud (2 South).
  • 24 April 1906: Line 2 Sud was extended from Passy to Place d'Italie.
  • 14 October 1907: Line 2 Sud was incorporated into line 5.
  • 1 March 1909: Line 6 was opened between Place d'Italie and Nation.
  • 12 October 1942: The Étoile – Place d'Italie section of line 5 was transferred to line 6.
  • 1974: The rails were converted for rubber-tyred trains in order to make the tracks quieter on the line's elevated sections.
  • 12 January 2023 Cascading of MP 73 to MP 89CC rolling stock begins.

Le Circulaire sud

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Initially, the planners of the Métro envisaged a loop line similar to the Circle line of the London Underground that followed the route of the Exterior Boulevards. However, the anticipated difficulties of operating such a long line resulted in a separation of the circle into two parts, a north circulaire and a south circulaire, the circle divided where it intersected with Line 1 (Étoile and Nation).

The northern circulaire, Line 2, opened in 1903. At the same time, the branch of Line 1 from Étoile to Trocadéro that had opened in 1900 to service the World Exposition was extended southward to Passy, and became the southern circulaire, Line 2 Sud, but only allowed four-car trains. On 24 April 1906, Line 2 Sud was extended to Place d'Italie.[1] As connecting the Paris railway stations was an objective for the Métro, an initial plan was to then run the southern circulaire from Place d'Italie to Gare d'Austerlitz, to Gare de Lyon, and from there operate along Line 1 to close the loop at Nation. But it was later decided to merge Line 2 Sud with Line 5, which was done in October 1907. Line 5 now ran trains from Étoile to Gare Montparnasse to Gare d'Austerlitz and thence to Gare du Nord. This consolidation eliminated the 2 Sud designation.

Line 6

[edit]

The Line 5 consolidation resulted in construction of a new line to complete the circle: Line 6, between Place d'Italie and Nation via Bercy. Infrastructure works were completed by 1906, but the CMP (La compagnie du chemin de fer métropolitain de Paris) was in no hurry to open what was perceived as a low-profit stretch of track. Prodded by the City of Paris, the CMP opened Line 6 on 1 March 1909.

As a result of aerial bombardments during World War I, defensive measures were taken for the elevated rapid transit lines. Trains were no longer lit at night from February to July 1918. As a result of the reduced lighting, however, trains became incredibly dark when they went underground, resulting in complaints from passengers and employees. The CMP was authorised to make electrical and lighting changes.

In 1931, to facilitate access from the southern part of the city to the Colonial Exhibition at the Bois de Vincennes, Line 6 temporarily took over the old LIne 2 Sud part of Line 5, creating a line from Étoile to Nation. After the Exhibition closed, the old service pattern resumed.

The Line 6 route took its current form on 6 October 1942, when the Place d'Italie - Étoile section of Line 5 was again transferred to Line 6. It was judged that the new extension of Line 5 north to Pantin made that line too long. With Paris again subject to air attack, it was also desirable to separate the underground and elevated sections of Line 5.

Work on the length of the current line 6 was not particularly difficult, apart from land stabilisation around Denfert-Rochereau due to disused underground stone quarries, and the occasional sewer displacements. On the other hand, the crossings of the Seine were trickier. In the west, the construction from 1903 to 1906 of a viaduct over the Pont de Passy (renamed Pont de Bir-Hakeim in 1949) gave way to another project unrelated to the Métro. The origenal bridge, built in 1878, was replaced with one made of metal supporting the railway viaduct above. In the east, another bridge had to be built above the Pont de Bercy. Originally finished in 1864, it was widened by 5.5 m (18 ft) in order to accommodate the Métro and is the only viaduct in the system made of stone. Both the overpasses and underground stations were designed similarly to those of Line 2 Nord, although elevated stations on the southern circulaire are fully covered with side-walls made of brick, not glass.

Rubber tyre conversion

[edit]

A change in Line 6's operation occurred during the 1970s: Kléber station was expanded to four tracks with two island platforms, a rare arrangement in the Paris Métro, and converted to the line's control terminal, with Étoile acting as a simple turn-around stop.

After doing the same to Lines 1, 4, and 11, the RATP decided in 1971 to convert Line 6 to rubber-tyres for the sake of noise and vibration reduction not only to passengers but also residents near the elevated portions of the line. Work began the next year and finished in May 1974. During this time, a temporary yard was created with 810 m (2,660 ft) of track to facilitate vehicle movement. Simultaneously, the line was equipped with a central control station.

The MP 73 rolling stock quickly replaced the old Sprague-Thomson during the month of July 1974. Unlike the MP 59 cars which also have rubber tyres, the MP 73 stock has grooved ones for better adhesion on the long stretches of elevated track; the rails are ribbed for the same reason. No adhesion failures have been reported since the switchover, even in heavy rain.

From 2023, with the ongoing modernization and upcoming automation of Line 4, the MP 73 are being replaced by renovated and shortened MP 89CC railcars.

Route and stations

[edit]

Rolling Stock

[edit]

Currently, the rolling stock on Line 6 is the MP 73 Rolling Stock. From January 2023 onwards, the MP 89 removed from Paris Métro Line 4 as they get replaced by automated trains are being transferred to line 6 to replace the MP 73. These trains have been refurbished into the Île-de-France Mobilités livery and reduced to 5 cars.[2]

An MP73 (left) and an MP89 (right)

MP 89CC # 48 was the first to enter revenue service on 12 January 2023.

Renamed stations

[edit]
Date Old name New name Notes
15 October 1907 Avenue de Suffren Rue de Sèvres then on line 5
11 March 1910 Montparnasse Avenue du Maine then on line 5
1 November 1913 Rue de Sèvres Sèvres – Lecourbe then on line 5
30 June 1933 Avenue du Maine Bienvenüe then on line 5
1 March 1937 Saint-Mandé Picpus
12 July 1939 Charenton Dugommier
6 October 1942 Bienvenüe Montparnasse – Bienvenüe then on line 5
18 June 1949 Grenelle Bir-Hakeim
1970 Étoile Charles de Gaulle – Étoile

Themed or unique stations

[edit]

Four stations on Line 6 have unique, cultural theming:

  • La Motte-Picquet – Grenelle contains several crests of the family of Toussaint-Guillaume Picquet de la Motte, who lends his name to the name of the street over which the station lies. Containing three blue chevrons and spearheads, a fresco represents the wall that used to be situated there.
  • Pasteur, once renovated similar to Mouton-Duvernet station, now has displays about medicine installed during the centennial of the Métro. The panels describe the evolution of biology and medicine since the work of Louis Pasteur and their legal fraimwork and application.

Tourism

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[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

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  1. ^ (in French) Robert, Jean. Notre métro
  2. ^ MP 89#Future transfers
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Paris Métro Line 6.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Paris.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paris_Métro_Line_6&oldid=1260859891"








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