introit

See also: introït

English

WOTD – 22 November 2020

Etymology

PIE word
*h₁én

A page from a 14th- or 15th-century missal. The fourth passage, up to the first word of its third line, is the introit (sense 1), and reads “Laetabitur justus in Domino, et sperabit in eo: et laudabuntur omnes recti corde” (“The just shall rejoice in the Lord, and shall hope in him: and all the upright in heart shall be praised”).

From Late Middle English introite (“act of entering in or into, entrance; place of entrance”), borrowed from Anglo-Norman introït, introïte (“introit”), or from its etymon Latin introitus (“act of entering in or into, entrance; passage; place of entrance; (figuratively) beginning, introduction, prelude”), from introeō (“to enter, go in”) + -tus (suffix forming action nouns from verbs). Introeō is derived from intrō (“to enter, go into”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”)) + eō (“to go”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey- (“to go”)).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: ĭnʹtroit, ĭntrōʹĭt, IPA^(key): /ˈɪntɹɔɪt/, /ɪnˈtɹəʊɪt/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɪnˌtɹɔɪt/, /ən-/

• Audio (General American):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔɪt, -əʊɪt
• Hyphenation: in‧troit, in‧tro‧it

Noun

introit (plural introits)

1. (Roman Catholicism, music) A prayer, typically part of a psalm or other portion of the Bible, read or sung at the start of Mass while or immediately after the priest ascends to the altar.

   Synonym: introitus

   • [1833, [Nicholas] Harris Nicolas, “Preface”, in Dionysius Lardner, editor, The Chronology of History. […] (The Cabinet Cyclopædia; XLIV), London: […] Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longman, […]; and John Taylor, […], →OCLC, page xvii:

     The Glossary of Terms used by ecclesiastics in the middle ages, who describe a day by the “introit,” or commencement of the service appointed by the church to be performed thereon, and an explanation of the Canonical Hours, Watches, &c. will frequently be found useful.]

   • 1833, [Nicholas] Harris Nicolas, “A Glossary of Dates; […]”, in Dionysius Lardner, editor, The Chronology of History. […] (The Cabinet Cyclopædia; XLIV), London: […] Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longman, […]; and John Taylor, […], →OCLC, page 110, column 1:

     Adorate Dominum. The introit* and name of the third Sunday after the Epiphany. [Footnote *: Introit.—The first two or more words that form the commencement of a mass, which, from being appropriated to a certain Sunday, or other festival, give the name of such commencement or "introit" to these days.]

   • 1982, Andrew Hughes, “Mass”, in Medieval Manuscripts for Mass and Office: A Guide to Their Organization and Terminology, Toronto, Ont., Buffalo, N.Y.: University of Toronto Press, published 2004, →ISBN, page 84:

     At some time during these sacerdotal preces the choir will usually have started the sung introit, the exact time for beginning the item dependent on a number of features such as the distance from sacristy to altar.

   • 2000, James [W.] McKinnon, “The Introit”, in The Advent Project: The Later-seventh-century Creation of the Roman Mass Proper, Berkeley, Los Angeles, Calif., London: University of California Press, →ISBN, page 195:

     The earliest unequivocal reference to the Roman introit is from the turn-of-the-eighth-century Ordo romanus I, where the chant is described in its fully developed early medieval form. Consisting of an antiphon and psalm, it is sung during the entrance of the pope at the beginning of Mass.

2. (music, Christianity, chiefly Protestantism) Any piece of choral music, especially a setting of an anthem or a psalm, sung at the opening of a church service.
3. (obsolete) The action of entering or going in; an entrance.
4. (obsolete, figuratively) An introduction.

Derived terms

• introitive (obsolete, rare)

Translations

part of a psalm or other portion of the Bible read or sung at Mass immediately after the priest ascends to the altar

• Aramaic:

  Classical Syriac: ܒܝܬܐ m (baytā’)

• Dutch: introïtus (nl) m or n
• Esperanto: introitus
• Estonian: introitus
• Finnish: introitus (fi)
• French: introït (fr) m
• German: Introitus (de) m
• Hungarian: introitus (hu)
• Ido: introitus (io)
• Italian: introito (it) m
• Korean: 입당송 (ipdangsong)
• Latin: introitus m
• Macedonian: пса́лтир m (psáltir), интрои́т m (introít)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: introitus

  Nynorsk: introitus

• Polish: introit m
• Portuguese: introito (pt) m
• Russian: интро́ит (intróit)
• Swedish: introitus (sv)
• Ukrainian: інтройт (introjt)
• Welsh: introit m

composition of vocal music sung at the opening of a church service

• Welsh: introit m

anthem or psalm sung before a Communion service

Further reading

• introit on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• “introit”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• “introit”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Latin

Verb

introit

1. third-person singular present active indicative of introeō

Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin introitus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /inˈtrɔ.it/
• Rhymes: -ɔit
• Syllabification: in‧tro‧it

Noun

introit m inan

1. (music, Roman Catholicism) introit, introitus (part of a psalm or other portion of the Bible read or sung at Mass immediately after the priest ascends to the altar)

Declension

Declension of introit

	singular	plural
nominative	introit	introity
genitive	introitu	introitów
dative	introitowi	introitom
accusative	introit	introity
instrumental	introitem	introitami
locative	introicie	introitach
vocative	introicie	introity

Further reading

• introit in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Welsh

Etymology

Borrowed from English introit, ultimately from Latin introitus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɪntrɔi̯t/

Noun

introit m

1. (music, Roman Catholicism) introit, introitus (part of a psalm or other portion of the Bible read or sung at Mass immediately after the priest ascends to the altar)
2. (music, Christianity, chiefly Protestantism) introit (any piece of choral music, especially a setting of an anthem or a psalm, sung at the opening of a church service)

Mutation

Mutated forms of introit

radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
introit	unchanged	unchanged	hintroit

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “introit”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies