Papers by Abdullah Jibawi
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are rare GI tract tumours and most are asymptomatic. Understanding ... more Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are rare GI tract tumours and most are asymptomatic. Understanding the pathobiology, genetic aspects, and possible clinical presentations is essential for management. The chapter discusses carcinoid syndrome, insulinoma, gastrinoma, glucagonoma and other NETs, as well as recommendations on investigation/localization, surgical resection, and peri-operative preparation of patients.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
To know the bacteriology of bile in gall bladder. 2. To know the incidence of gallstone formation... more To know the bacteriology of bile in gall bladder. 2. To know the incidence of gallstone formation in infected bile. 3. To study the role of infection in different type of gallstones formation. METHODOLOGY Patients admitted in Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital with the diagnosis of gallstone disease for cholecystectomy were taken for this observational study from October 2013 to September 2015.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
The authors discuss several aspects of the management of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm in el... more The authors discuss several aspects of the management of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm in elderly treated in a primary care hospital about what is the best choice to save patient's life. The objective of these review and case report is to discuss of what is really the best solution for octogenarian patients affected of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (R-AAA), which technique perform such as an open repair or Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR), if octogenarians shocked patients should be only palliated and how/when addressed the patients to a tertiary vascular hospital that has all the resources to treat R-AAA correctly.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
Haemorrhoids may affect over 70% of the Western population. Symptoms include prolapse, bleeding, ... more Haemorrhoids may affect over 70% of the Western population. Symptoms include prolapse, bleeding, and discomfort. Classification of haemorrhoids is important before deciding on therapy or conservative management. Treatment may include submucosal sclerotherapy, elastic band ligation, haemorrhoidal artery ligation, stapled haemorrhoidectomy, and conventional open or closed haemorrhoidectomy.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
Anal fissure is a common painful condition with a lifetime incidence of 11%. Most occur posterior... more Anal fissure is a common painful condition with a lifetime incidence of 11%. Most occur posteriorly and most are associated with sphincter hypertonia. Therapies centre around conservative measures, topical smooth muscle relaxants, and botulinum toxin therapy. Lateral sphincterotomy still has a place in treatment for refractory cases, as does advancement flap.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
Unselected coagulation testing is less evidenced based in assessing bleeding risk, prior to surge... more Unselected coagulation testing is less evidenced based in assessing bleeding risk, prior to surgery. This not only delays surgery inappropriately but also causes unnecessary concern in patients who are found to have ‘abnormal’ tests. In addition, it is associated with a significant cost. Patients with a negative bleeding history do not require routine coagulation screening prior to surgery. Patients undergoing surgery should have a screening bleeding history taken. This should include structured detailed history, personal and family history, previous surgery and trauma, and detail of anti-thrombotic medication. Based on a detailed history, a few selected tests should be undertaken. In addition, liaise with the haematologist in the presence of positive bleeding history, significant comorbidities, and when high risk surgery is planned.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
Patients consenting to a procedure must be able to appreciate and understand the implications of ... more Patients consenting to a procedure must be able to appreciate and understand the implications of the proposed action. Physicians obtaining consent from patients must therefore possess the knowledge to present sufficient information to the patient to allow them to make an informed decision based on the risks and benefits of the procedure. It is best practice for the performing clinician to obtain consent; however, delegation of this task to appropriately trained staff is acceptable. Patients should be presented with all information required to make an informed decision except in exceptional cases where disclosure of information could result in serious harm to the patient. An assessment of capacity should be undertaken prior to obtaining consent for any procedure.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) can result in varicose veins or, if severe, may develop skin c... more Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) can result in varicose veins or, if severe, may develop skin changes and leg ulcerations. This chapter details the classification and presentation of varicose veins and venous leg ulcers (CEAP classification). It outlines the recommended investigations for CVI such as handheld Doppler scan and venous duplex ultrasound scans. The management of CVI is to improve the venous and lymphatic flow thereby improving the skin oxygen transport through reducing oedema. This can be performed by graduated compression bandages.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
Foreign body ingestion presents an infrequent dilemma to the surgeon in the emergency setting. Es... more Foreign body ingestion presents an infrequent dilemma to the surgeon in the emergency setting. Essentially the risk of perforation and obstruction has to be weighed against the risk of intervention and retrieval. Differing objects also have differing guidelines for management and available recommendations are summarized in this chapter.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
Malnutrition is a commonly found risk factor in hospitalized patients. All hospital patients, esp... more Malnutrition is a commonly found risk factor in hospitalized patients. All hospital patients, especially the high-risk ones, should be offered nutritional screening. Methods of screening include MUST (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool) and the patient should have a thorough clinical assessment and investigations. The patient should meet adequate calorie requirement either by oral or enteral or parenteral nutrition. Malnourished patients receiving nutrition supplements demonstrated lower infection rates and shorter length of hospital stay compared to no supplements.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
True prevalence of thyroid nodules on ultrasound surveys range from 37% to 57% of the population.... more True prevalence of thyroid nodules on ultrasound surveys range from 37% to 57% of the population. The risk of malignancy is 5% of all thyroid nodules, independent of their size. Thyroid nodules are often discovered incidentally by patients or their physicians. The absence of symptoms does not rule out the presence of malignancy. A through history of family disease, and previous exposure to radiation, should be taken. Blood thyroid tests, ultrasound scans, and fine needle aspiration cytology should be performed to confirm diagnosis. Surgical and conservative management can be considered depending on the case.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
Perioperative antithrombotic management is based on risk and benefits in the assessment for throm... more Perioperative antithrombotic management is based on risk and benefits in the assessment for thromboembolism versus bleeding. It should be tailored to each patient. Patients with mechanical heart valves who are on warfarin need bridging therapy with heparin to reduce the risk of thrombosis. In addition, to reduce the risk of bleeding during the surgery, it should be managed accordingly prior to surgery. The target INR should be <1.5 on the day of surgery. High-risk patients should be considered for alternate prophylactic measures (e.g. low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)) when INR drops below 2. Low risk patients do not require bridging therapy or need prophylactic LMWH respectively. The new oral anticoagulation does not require frequent monitoring test but awareness of their pharmacokinetics critical in managing these patients prior to surgery.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is an effective tool for identifying and critically appraising qual... more Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is an effective tool for identifying and critically appraising quality research findings, and allowing the best to be integrated within clinical practice. EBM requires familiarity with evidence grading systems, key statistical methods, and requires a good understanding of how to review and critique scientific papers to guide the clinical practice. This chapter introduces these tools and provide an easy-to-use layout for reading academic papers in hand.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
Current Surgical Guidelines provides a unique summary of current guidelines in surgery, covering ... more Current Surgical Guidelines provides a unique summary of current guidelines in surgery, covering all key topics in surgical practice, and formulated to answer most real-life clinical practice questions with contemporary facts and figures, decision recommendations, and treatment options. The book uses a bullet-point concise format to allow easy digestion of rather scattered information, and ‘anchor points’ for easy recall of relevant information when and where needed. The book organizes clinical information in a special uniform and structured way to allow better knowledge management and to enhance readers’ ability to apply evidence–based practice in real case scenarios. The authors have ensured that the 2nd edition include all key updates in guidelines, with second reviewers from each specialty to ensure the recommendations reflect current best practice in the field. The book follows the training curriculum for basic and higher surgical training for doctors and nurses in the UK, but also provide an invaluable source of best practice in surgery to hospital managers at different levels, to admin staff, and to all those involved in the care of patients in surgery. Medical students can benefit from having a reference guide to real–life contemporary practical recommendations in surgery, allowing them to bridge the ever-widening gap between theory and practice.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Oct 1, 2009
Surgery for obesity
Oxford University Press eBooks, Oct 1, 2009
Acute pancreatitis
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
Adequate perioperative fasting should aim to keep patients comfortable and hydrated whilst allowi... more Adequate perioperative fasting should aim to keep patients comfortable and hydrated whilst allowing for a safe anaesthesia. Instructions for fasting should be clearly communicated to both patients and care providers. The practice of complete abstention from food and drink for 8–12 hours should be avoided in favour of updated recommendations such as the ‘2 and 6 rule’ for healthy adults and the ‘2, 4 and 6 rule’ in children. Measures should be taken to mediate the risk of aspiration or regurgitation in patients who are considered high risk and can include the use of nasogastric tubes, proton pump inhibitors, and gastrokinetic agents. Oral fluid intake should be encouraged early in the post-operative period providing it is not contraindicated.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
Blood transfusion allows an increase in the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood, with a resultant m... more Blood transfusion allows an increase in the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood, with a resultant more efficient delivery of oxygen to vital and non-vital organs. Transfusion should always be taken cautiously, weighing the expected benefits against possible risks. Clear valid justification for blood transfusion should always be available and documented in the patient’s notes. The chapter discusses different indications, contraindications, and special particulars related to blood transfusion services.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
Haemorrhage from oesophageal varices is potentially life-threatening and occurs unpredictably. Ri... more Haemorrhage from oesophageal varices is potentially life-threatening and occurs unpredictably. Risk reduction can be achieved by identifying varices in cirrhotic patients and employing a surveillance strategy for low-risk cases, or pharmacological prophylaxis in higher-risk cases. This chapter sets out a summary of current national/international guidelines and includes detailed recommendations for management of acute haemorrhage including terlipressin, endoscopic EVL/sclerotherapy and Sengastaken tube therapy and TIPS.
Oxford University Press eBooks, Jul 1, 2018
Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is abnormal excessive production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) from the ... more Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is abnormal excessive production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) from the parathyroid gland(s), often with resultant hypercalcaemia. HPT affects 1% of adult population. Incidence increases after the age of 55. Over 80% of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) cases in Western countries are found incidentally by routine biochemical tests or on investigation of aetiology of resultant end-organ damage (osteoporosis and renal stones). Diagnosis can be established by demonstrating persistent hypercalcaemia (or serum calcium at the high normal levels) in the presence of elevated (or inappropriately normal) PTH concentrations and elevated urinary calcium excretion. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for all symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with overactive parathyroid gland who are fit for surgery.
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Papers by Abdullah Jibawi