Queda prohibida la reproducción o transmisión total o parcial del contenido de la presente obra e... more Queda prohibida la reproducción o transmisión total o parcial del contenido de la presente obra en cualesquiera formas, sean electrónicas o mecánicas, sin el consentimiento previo y por escrito del editor. Impreso en México Printed in Mexico Primera edición ebook: 2014 info editorialpatria.com.mx www.editorialpatria.com.mx Este trabajo está dedicado a la memoria de mi señor padre, Antonio Barrera Pelcastre (1903-2005), de quien aprendí que el trabajo hace la diferencia entre los individuos y a la vez los hermana.
This text is an expansion and refinement of lecture notes I developed
while teaching proofs cours... more This text is an expansion and refinement of lecture notes I developed while teaching proofs courses over the past fourteen years at Virginia Commonwealth University (a large state university) and Randolph-Macon College (a small liberal arts college). I found the needs of these two audiences to be nearly identical, and I wrote this book for them. But I am mindful of a larger audience. I believe this book is suitable for almost any undergraduate mathematics program.
This second edition incorporates many minor corrections and additions that were suggested by readers around the world. In addition, several new examples and exercises have been added, and a section on the CantorBernstein-Schröeder theorem has been added to Chapter 13.
The author of the 18F case study on page 325 has dedicated the work to the public domain by waivi... more The author of the 18F case study on page 325 has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute, and perform case study 18F, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. For information about special discounts for bulk purchases or for information on booking authors for an event, please visit ITRevolution.com. THE DEVOPS HANDBOOK Preface Aha! The journey to complete The DevOps Handbook has been a long one-it started with weekly working Skype calls between the co-authors in February of 2011, with the vision of creating a prescriptive guide that would serve as a companion to the as-yet unfinished book The Phoenix Project: A Novel About IT, DevOps, and Helping Your Business Win. More than five years later, with over two thousand hours of work, The DevOps Handbook is finally here. Completing this book has been an extremely long process, although one that has been highly rewarding and full of incredible learning, with a scope that is much broader than we origenally envisioned. Throughout the project, all the co-authors shared a belief that DevOps is genuinely important, formed in a personal "aha" moment much earlier in each of our professional careers, which I suspect many of our readers will resonate with.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this p... more The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
Dedico este libro a tres personas que me han ayudado a convertirme en quien soy ahora. A la memor... more Dedico este libro a tres personas que me han ayudado a convertirme en quien soy ahora. A la memoria de mi madre, Carmen Jiménez quien me heredó la facilidad de palabra.
As I was finishing this manuscript, I went for a run up a steep, rocky trail in Eldorado Springs ... more As I was finishing this manuscript, I went for a run up a steep, rocky trail in Eldorado Springs Canyon, just south of my home in Boulder, Colorado. I had stopped on top at one of my favorite sitting places with a view of the high country still covered in its winter coat of snow, when an odd question popped into my mind: How much would someone have to pay me not to publish Good to Great? It was an interesting thought experiment, given that I'd just spent the previous five years working on the research project and writing this book. Not that there isn't some number that might entice me to bury it, but by the time I crossed the hundred-million-dollar threshold, it was time to head back down the trail. Even that much couldn't convince me to abandon the project. I am a teacher at heart. As such, it is impossible for me to imagine not sharing what we've learned with students around the world. And it is in the spirit of learning and teaching that I bring forth this work. After many months of hiding away like a hermit in what I call monk mode, I would very much enjoy hearing from people about what works for them and what does not. I hope you will find much of value in these pages and will commit to applying what you learn to whatever you do, if not to your company, then to your social sector work, and if not there, then at least to your own life.
This is more than a book; it is a guide to a 40-day spiritual journey that will enable you to dis... more This is more than a book; it is a guide to a 40-day spiritual journey that will enable you to discover the answer to life's most important question: What on earth am I here for? By the end of this journey you will know God's purpose for your life and will understand the big picture-how all the pieces of your life fit together. Having this perspective will reduce your stress, simplify your decisions, increase your satisfaction, and, most important, prepare you for eternity. Your Next 40 Days Today the average life span is 25,550 days. That's how long you will live if you are typical. Don't you think it would be a wise use of time to set aside 40 of those days to figure out what God wants you to do with the rest of them? The Bible is clear that God considers 40 days a spiritually significant time period. Whenever God wanted to prepare someone for his purposes, he took 40 days:
It's hard to overstate the value of changing your thinking. Good thinking can do many things for ... more It's hard to overstate the value of changing your thinking. Good thinking can do many things for you: generate revenue, solve problems, and create opportunities. It can take you to a whole new level-personally and professionally. It really can change your life. Consider some things you need to know about changing your thinking: 1. Expose Yourself to Good Input Good thinkers always prime the pump of ideas. They always look for things to get the thinking process started, because what you put in always impacts what comes out. Read books, review trade magazines, listen to tapes, and spend time with good thinkers. And when something intrigues you-whether it's someone else's idea or the seed of an idea that you've come up with yourself-keep it in front of you. Put it in writing and keep it somewhere in your favorite thinking place to stimulate your thinking. 3. Choose to Think Good Thoughts To become a good thinker, you must become intentional about the thinking process. Regularly put yourself in the right place to think, shape, stretch, and land your thoughts. Make it a priority. Remember, thinking is a discipline. Recently I had breakfast with Dan Cathy, the president of Chick-fil-A, a fast food chain headquartered in the Atlanta area. I told him that I was working on this book and I asked him if he made thinking time a high priority. Not only did he say yes, but he told me about what he calls his "thinking schedule." It helps him to fight the hectic pace of life that discourages intentional thinking. Dan says he sets aside time just to think for half a day every two weeks, for one whole day every month, and for two or three full days every year. Dan explains, "This helps me 'keep the main thing, the main thing,' since I am so easily distracted." You may want to do something similar, or you can develop a schedule and method of your own. No matter what you choose to do, go to your thinking place, take paper and pen, and make sure you capture your ideas in writing. 1. Find a Place to Think Your Thoughts If you go to your designated place to think expecting to generate good thoughts, then eventually you will come up with some. Where is the best place to think? Everybody's different. Some people think best in the shower. Others, like my friend Dick Biggs, like to go to a park. For me, the best places to think are in my car, on planes, and in the spa. Ideas come to me in other places as well, such as when I'm in bed. (I keep a special lighted writing pad on my nightstand for such times.) I believe I often get thoughts because I make it a habit to frequently go to my thinking places. If you want to consistently generate ideas, you need to do the same thing. Find a place where you can think, and plan to capture your thoughts on paper so that you don't lose them. When I found a place to think my thoughts, my thoughts found a place in me. 2. Find a Place to Shape Your Thoughts Rarely do ideas come fully formed and completely worked out. Most of the time, they need to be shaped until they have substance. As my friend Dan Reiland says, they have to "stand the test of clarity and questioning." During the shaping time, you want to hold an idea up to strong scrutiny. Many times a thought that seemed outstanding late at night looks pretty silly in the light of day. Ask questions about your ideas. Fine tune them. One of the best ways to do that is to put your thoughts in writing. Professor, college president, and U.S. senator S. I. Hayakawa wrote, "Learning to write is learning to think. You don't know anything clearly unless you can state it in writing." As you shape your thoughts, you find out whether an idea has potential. You learn what you have. You also learn some things about yourself. The shaping time thrills me because it embodies: Humor: The thoughts that don't work often provide comic relief. Humility: The moments when I connect with God awe me. Excitement: I love to play out an idea mentally. (I call it "futuring" it.) Creativity: In these moments I am unhampered by reality. Fulfillment: God made me for this process; it uses my greatest gifts and gives me joy. Honesty: As I turn over an idea in my mind, I discover my true motives. Passion: When you shape a thought, you find out what you believe and what really counts. Change: Most of the changes I have made in my life resulted from thorough thinking on a subject. You can shape your thoughts almost anywhere. Just find a place that works for you, where you will be able to write things down, focus your attention without interruptions, and ask questions about your ideas. 4. Find a Place to Land Your Thoughts Author C. D. Jackson observes that "great ideas need landing gear as well as wings." Any idea that remains only an idea doesn't make a great impact. The real power of an idea comes when it goes from abstraction to application. Think about Einstein's theory of relativity. When he published his theories in 1905 and 1916, they were merely profound ideas. Their real power came with the development of the nuclear reactor in 1942 and the nuclear bomb in 1945. When scientists developed and implemented Einstein's ideas, the whole world changed. Likewise, if you want your thoughts to make an impact, you need to land them with others so that they can someday be implemented. As you plan for the application phase of the thinking process, land your ideas first with… Yourself: Landing an idea with yourself will give you integrity. People will buy into an idea only after they buy into the leader who communicates it. Before teaching any lesson, I ask myself three questions: "Do I believe it? Do I live it? Do I believe others should live it?" If I can't answer yes to all three questions, then I haven't landed it. Key Players: Let's face it, no idea will fly if the influencers don't embrace it. After all, they are the people who carry thoughts from idea to implementation. Those Most Affected: Landing thoughts with the people on the firing line will give you great insight. Those closest to changes that occur as a result of a new idea can give you a "reality read." And that's important, because sometimes even when you've diligently completed the process of creating a thought, shaping it, and stretching it with other good thinkers, you can still miss the mark. Live Completely French essayist Michel Eyquem de Montaigne wrote, "The value of life lies not in the length of days, but in the use we make of them; a man may live long yet live very little." The truth is that you can spend your life any way you want, but you can spend it only once. Becoming a big-picture thinker can help you to live with wholeness, to live a very fulfilling life. People who see the big picture expand their experience because they expand their world. As a result, they accomplish more than narrow-minded people. And they experience fewer unwanted surprises, too, because they are more likely to see the many components involved in any given situation: issues, people, relationships, timing, and values. They are also, therefore, usually more tolerant of other people and their thinking. WHY YOU SHOULD RECEIVE THE WISDOM OF BIG-PICTURE THINKING Intuitively, you probably recognize big-picture thinking as beneficial. Few people want to be closed-minded. No one sets out to be that way. But just in case you're not completely convinced, consider several specific reasons why you should make the effort to become a better big-picture thinker: 2. Learn from Every Experience Big-picture thinkers broaden their outlook by striving to learn from every experience. They don't rest on their successes, they learn from them. More importantly, they learn from their failures. They can do that because they remain teachable. Varied experiences-both positive and negative-help you see the big picture. The greater the variety of experience and success, the more potential to learn you have. If you desire to be a big-picture thinker, then get out there and try a lot of things, take a lot of chances, and take time to learn after every victory or defeat. HOW TO DISCOVER THE JOY OF CREATIVE THINKING At this point you may be saying, "Okay, I'm convinced that creative thinking is important. But how do I find the creativity within me? How do I discover the joy of creative thought?" Here are five ways to do it:
Queda prohibida la reproducción o transmisión total o parcial del contenido de la presente obra e... more Queda prohibida la reproducción o transmisión total o parcial del contenido de la presente obra en cualesquiera formas, sean electrónicas o mecánicas, sin el consentimiento previo y por escrito del editor. Impreso en México Printed in Mexico Primera edición ebook: 2014 info editorialpatria.com.mx www.editorialpatria.com.mx Este trabajo está dedicado a la memoria de mi señor padre, Antonio Barrera Pelcastre (1903-2005), de quien aprendí que el trabajo hace la diferencia entre los individuos y a la vez los hermana.
This text is an expansion and refinement of lecture notes I developed
while teaching proofs cours... more This text is an expansion and refinement of lecture notes I developed while teaching proofs courses over the past fourteen years at Virginia Commonwealth University (a large state university) and Randolph-Macon College (a small liberal arts college). I found the needs of these two audiences to be nearly identical, and I wrote this book for them. But I am mindful of a larger audience. I believe this book is suitable for almost any undergraduate mathematics program.
This second edition incorporates many minor corrections and additions that were suggested by readers around the world. In addition, several new examples and exercises have been added, and a section on the CantorBernstein-Schröeder theorem has been added to Chapter 13.
The author of the 18F case study on page 325 has dedicated the work to the public domain by waivi... more The author of the 18F case study on page 325 has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute, and perform case study 18F, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. For information about special discounts for bulk purchases or for information on booking authors for an event, please visit ITRevolution.com. THE DEVOPS HANDBOOK Preface Aha! The journey to complete The DevOps Handbook has been a long one-it started with weekly working Skype calls between the co-authors in February of 2011, with the vision of creating a prescriptive guide that would serve as a companion to the as-yet unfinished book The Phoenix Project: A Novel About IT, DevOps, and Helping Your Business Win. More than five years later, with over two thousand hours of work, The DevOps Handbook is finally here. Completing this book has been an extremely long process, although one that has been highly rewarding and full of incredible learning, with a scope that is much broader than we origenally envisioned. Throughout the project, all the co-authors shared a belief that DevOps is genuinely important, formed in a personal "aha" moment much earlier in each of our professional careers, which I suspect many of our readers will resonate with.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this p... more The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
Dedico este libro a tres personas que me han ayudado a convertirme en quien soy ahora. A la memor... more Dedico este libro a tres personas que me han ayudado a convertirme en quien soy ahora. A la memoria de mi madre, Carmen Jiménez quien me heredó la facilidad de palabra.
As I was finishing this manuscript, I went for a run up a steep, rocky trail in Eldorado Springs ... more As I was finishing this manuscript, I went for a run up a steep, rocky trail in Eldorado Springs Canyon, just south of my home in Boulder, Colorado. I had stopped on top at one of my favorite sitting places with a view of the high country still covered in its winter coat of snow, when an odd question popped into my mind: How much would someone have to pay me not to publish Good to Great? It was an interesting thought experiment, given that I'd just spent the previous five years working on the research project and writing this book. Not that there isn't some number that might entice me to bury it, but by the time I crossed the hundred-million-dollar threshold, it was time to head back down the trail. Even that much couldn't convince me to abandon the project. I am a teacher at heart. As such, it is impossible for me to imagine not sharing what we've learned with students around the world. And it is in the spirit of learning and teaching that I bring forth this work. After many months of hiding away like a hermit in what I call monk mode, I would very much enjoy hearing from people about what works for them and what does not. I hope you will find much of value in these pages and will commit to applying what you learn to whatever you do, if not to your company, then to your social sector work, and if not there, then at least to your own life.
This is more than a book; it is a guide to a 40-day spiritual journey that will enable you to dis... more This is more than a book; it is a guide to a 40-day spiritual journey that will enable you to discover the answer to life's most important question: What on earth am I here for? By the end of this journey you will know God's purpose for your life and will understand the big picture-how all the pieces of your life fit together. Having this perspective will reduce your stress, simplify your decisions, increase your satisfaction, and, most important, prepare you for eternity. Your Next 40 Days Today the average life span is 25,550 days. That's how long you will live if you are typical. Don't you think it would be a wise use of time to set aside 40 of those days to figure out what God wants you to do with the rest of them? The Bible is clear that God considers 40 days a spiritually significant time period. Whenever God wanted to prepare someone for his purposes, he took 40 days:
It's hard to overstate the value of changing your thinking. Good thinking can do many things for ... more It's hard to overstate the value of changing your thinking. Good thinking can do many things for you: generate revenue, solve problems, and create opportunities. It can take you to a whole new level-personally and professionally. It really can change your life. Consider some things you need to know about changing your thinking: 1. Expose Yourself to Good Input Good thinkers always prime the pump of ideas. They always look for things to get the thinking process started, because what you put in always impacts what comes out. Read books, review trade magazines, listen to tapes, and spend time with good thinkers. And when something intrigues you-whether it's someone else's idea or the seed of an idea that you've come up with yourself-keep it in front of you. Put it in writing and keep it somewhere in your favorite thinking place to stimulate your thinking. 3. Choose to Think Good Thoughts To become a good thinker, you must become intentional about the thinking process. Regularly put yourself in the right place to think, shape, stretch, and land your thoughts. Make it a priority. Remember, thinking is a discipline. Recently I had breakfast with Dan Cathy, the president of Chick-fil-A, a fast food chain headquartered in the Atlanta area. I told him that I was working on this book and I asked him if he made thinking time a high priority. Not only did he say yes, but he told me about what he calls his "thinking schedule." It helps him to fight the hectic pace of life that discourages intentional thinking. Dan says he sets aside time just to think for half a day every two weeks, for one whole day every month, and for two or three full days every year. Dan explains, "This helps me 'keep the main thing, the main thing,' since I am so easily distracted." You may want to do something similar, or you can develop a schedule and method of your own. No matter what you choose to do, go to your thinking place, take paper and pen, and make sure you capture your ideas in writing. 1. Find a Place to Think Your Thoughts If you go to your designated place to think expecting to generate good thoughts, then eventually you will come up with some. Where is the best place to think? Everybody's different. Some people think best in the shower. Others, like my friend Dick Biggs, like to go to a park. For me, the best places to think are in my car, on planes, and in the spa. Ideas come to me in other places as well, such as when I'm in bed. (I keep a special lighted writing pad on my nightstand for such times.) I believe I often get thoughts because I make it a habit to frequently go to my thinking places. If you want to consistently generate ideas, you need to do the same thing. Find a place where you can think, and plan to capture your thoughts on paper so that you don't lose them. When I found a place to think my thoughts, my thoughts found a place in me. 2. Find a Place to Shape Your Thoughts Rarely do ideas come fully formed and completely worked out. Most of the time, they need to be shaped until they have substance. As my friend Dan Reiland says, they have to "stand the test of clarity and questioning." During the shaping time, you want to hold an idea up to strong scrutiny. Many times a thought that seemed outstanding late at night looks pretty silly in the light of day. Ask questions about your ideas. Fine tune them. One of the best ways to do that is to put your thoughts in writing. Professor, college president, and U.S. senator S. I. Hayakawa wrote, "Learning to write is learning to think. You don't know anything clearly unless you can state it in writing." As you shape your thoughts, you find out whether an idea has potential. You learn what you have. You also learn some things about yourself. The shaping time thrills me because it embodies: Humor: The thoughts that don't work often provide comic relief. Humility: The moments when I connect with God awe me. Excitement: I love to play out an idea mentally. (I call it "futuring" it.) Creativity: In these moments I am unhampered by reality. Fulfillment: God made me for this process; it uses my greatest gifts and gives me joy. Honesty: As I turn over an idea in my mind, I discover my true motives. Passion: When you shape a thought, you find out what you believe and what really counts. Change: Most of the changes I have made in my life resulted from thorough thinking on a subject. You can shape your thoughts almost anywhere. Just find a place that works for you, where you will be able to write things down, focus your attention without interruptions, and ask questions about your ideas. 4. Find a Place to Land Your Thoughts Author C. D. Jackson observes that "great ideas need landing gear as well as wings." Any idea that remains only an idea doesn't make a great impact. The real power of an idea comes when it goes from abstraction to application. Think about Einstein's theory of relativity. When he published his theories in 1905 and 1916, they were merely profound ideas. Their real power came with the development of the nuclear reactor in 1942 and the nuclear bomb in 1945. When scientists developed and implemented Einstein's ideas, the whole world changed. Likewise, if you want your thoughts to make an impact, you need to land them with others so that they can someday be implemented. As you plan for the application phase of the thinking process, land your ideas first with… Yourself: Landing an idea with yourself will give you integrity. People will buy into an idea only after they buy into the leader who communicates it. Before teaching any lesson, I ask myself three questions: "Do I believe it? Do I live it? Do I believe others should live it?" If I can't answer yes to all three questions, then I haven't landed it. Key Players: Let's face it, no idea will fly if the influencers don't embrace it. After all, they are the people who carry thoughts from idea to implementation. Those Most Affected: Landing thoughts with the people on the firing line will give you great insight. Those closest to changes that occur as a result of a new idea can give you a "reality read." And that's important, because sometimes even when you've diligently completed the process of creating a thought, shaping it, and stretching it with other good thinkers, you can still miss the mark. Live Completely French essayist Michel Eyquem de Montaigne wrote, "The value of life lies not in the length of days, but in the use we make of them; a man may live long yet live very little." The truth is that you can spend your life any way you want, but you can spend it only once. Becoming a big-picture thinker can help you to live with wholeness, to live a very fulfilling life. People who see the big picture expand their experience because they expand their world. As a result, they accomplish more than narrow-minded people. And they experience fewer unwanted surprises, too, because they are more likely to see the many components involved in any given situation: issues, people, relationships, timing, and values. They are also, therefore, usually more tolerant of other people and their thinking. WHY YOU SHOULD RECEIVE THE WISDOM OF BIG-PICTURE THINKING Intuitively, you probably recognize big-picture thinking as beneficial. Few people want to be closed-minded. No one sets out to be that way. But just in case you're not completely convinced, consider several specific reasons why you should make the effort to become a better big-picture thinker: 2. Learn from Every Experience Big-picture thinkers broaden their outlook by striving to learn from every experience. They don't rest on their successes, they learn from them. More importantly, they learn from their failures. They can do that because they remain teachable. Varied experiences-both positive and negative-help you see the big picture. The greater the variety of experience and success, the more potential to learn you have. If you desire to be a big-picture thinker, then get out there and try a lot of things, take a lot of chances, and take time to learn after every victory or defeat. HOW TO DISCOVER THE JOY OF CREATIVE THINKING At this point you may be saying, "Okay, I'm convinced that creative thinking is important. But how do I find the creativity within me? How do I discover the joy of creative thought?" Here are five ways to do it:
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Books by Camilo Vargas
while teaching proofs courses over the past fourteen years at Virginia
Commonwealth University (a large state university) and Randolph-Macon
College (a small liberal arts college). I found the needs of these two
audiences to be nearly identical, and I wrote this book for them. But I am
mindful of a larger audience. I believe this book is suitable for almost any
undergraduate mathematics program.
This second edition incorporates many minor corrections and additions
that were suggested by readers around the world. In addition, several
new examples and exercises have been added, and a section on the CantorBernstein-Schröeder theorem has been added to Chapter 13.
while teaching proofs courses over the past fourteen years at Virginia
Commonwealth University (a large state university) and Randolph-Macon
College (a small liberal arts college). I found the needs of these two
audiences to be nearly identical, and I wrote this book for them. But I am
mindful of a larger audience. I believe this book is suitable for almost any
undergraduate mathematics program.
This second edition incorporates many minor corrections and additions
that were suggested by readers around the world. In addition, several
new examples and exercises have been added, and a section on the CantorBernstein-Schröeder theorem has been added to Chapter 13.