Papers by Catharina Linde Forsberg
Influence of glucose and fructose in the extender during long-term storage of
Journal of Small Animal Practice, Feb 1, 1984
ABSTRACTThe correlation between the vaginal smear and the calculated time of ovulation was studie... more ABSTRACTThe correlation between the vaginal smear and the calculated time of ovulation was studied in 22 bitches, during a total of 24 heat periods. Blood plasma was analysed for levels of oestradiol and progesterone from 6 days before to 6 days after the day of maximum keratinization of the vaginal smear. In all 24 heat periods (100 per cent) maximum keratinization of the vaginal epithelial cells was observed at least 3 days after peak oestradiol levels and in 17 of the heat periods (70.8 per cent) maximum keratinization was seen when the peripheral plasma level of progesterone had increased to >5.44 ± 0.93 ng/ml, which has been calculated as the ovulatory level.
British Small Animal Veterinary Association eBooks, 2010
It is important that the veterinary surgeon understands the normal physiology of pregnancy and pa... more It is important that the veterinary surgeon understands the normal physiology of pregnancy and parturition and is able to make an accurate diagnosis of pregnancy and non-pregnancy to provide a relevant clinical service for their clients. This chapter considers pregnancy diagnosis; normal pregnancy; clinical assessment in the peripartum period; fetal disposition; the postpartum period.
Veterinary Record, May 7, 1983
A five-and-a-half weeks pregnant Airedale terrier with a genital haemorrhage was presented. It ha... more A five-and-a-half weeks pregnant Airedale terrier with a genital haemorrhage was presented. It had a history of oestrous irregularities. It was found to be anaemic and Escherichia coli was isolated from vaginal swabs. Oestradiol and progesterone levels were normal. Two fetuses were aborted on day 41 of gestation. Antibiotic treatment was given. The haemorrhage ceased but on day 61 an abnormal vaginal discharge was seen. A caesarean operation was performed from which resulted three dead and two live fetuses, which died within two days. E coli was isolated from the uterine content, although the bitch was still receiving antibiotics; it was also still anaemic. It is probable that the haemorrhage was caused by an endotoxin produced by the E coli. The anaemia in the bitch did not improve the chances of fetal survival.
Reproduction in Domestic Animals, Jun 1, 2007
Knowledge about normal ranges in semen quality and the association between sperm morphology and f... more Knowledge about normal ranges in semen quality and the association between sperm morphology and fertility in felids is limited. The aims of this retrospective study were to (1) define a normal spermiogram in cats; (2) evaluate possible effects of season, age and breed on sperm morphology; and (3) evaluate the relationship between sperm morphology and fertility. Semen samples collected by electroejaculation from 52 cats were evaluated for sperm morphology. The cats constituted two groups: a general population of cats (n ¼ 48) and cats examined because of poor breeding records (n ¼ 4). The general population was divided into household (n ¼ 20), pedigree (n ¼ 19) and colony cats (n ¼ 9) and into three age classes, <12 months, 12-59 months and ‡60 months. The median percentage of normal spermatozoa in the general population was 44.0% (range 1.0-91.0%). Criteria were tentatively set for what was considered a normal spermiogram. The mean percentage of normal spermatozoa was higher during February to July than during August to January (p < 0.05). Pedigree cats had a lower mean percentage of normal spermatozoa than did household cats (p < 0.05). Age had no effect on the percentage of normal spermatozoa but was positively correlated with the percentage of proximal droplets. Of the cats with <40% normal spermatozoa (n ¼ 19), all those with known breeding records (n ¼ 11) had produced litters. The four cats examined because of poor breeding results had higher percentages of different sperm abnormalities than tentatively stipulated for the normal spermiogram. In two of these cats both sperm morphology and fertility changed over time.
Theriogenology, Feb 1, 2006
The aims of this study were to find out if dog spermatozoa can be stored chilled for 1 or 2 days ... more The aims of this study were to find out if dog spermatozoa can be stored chilled for 1 or 2 days prior to freezing without a deterioration in post-thaw vitality and longevity, and to compare two extenders; the Uppsala Equex-2 (UE-2) and a TRIS egg yolk extender (EYT). Pooled dog semen was frozen immediately after collection, or was extended and stored at 4 8C for 1 or 2 days before freezing. Sperm motility and acrosome integrity were evaluated before freezing and for 6 h post thaw at 38 8C, while sperm plasma membrane integrity was evaluated post thaw. There were no effects of pre-freeze storage time or extender on post-thaw motility or plasma membrane integrity, but a significant effect of extender (P < 0.0153) on post-thaw acrosomal integrity was found, UE-2 being better than EYT. There was a significant (P < 0.0001) negative effect of post-thaw storage time on acrosome integrity, but this was not influenced by pre-freeze storage time or extender. In conclusion, we found that dog spermatozoa can be frozen after 1 or 2 days of cold storage without significant deterioration in post-thaw motility, acrosome integrity or sperm plasma membrane integrity compared to when frozen immediately after collection. The UE-2 extender was superior to the EYT extender for freezing of cold stored dog spermatozoa.
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, Sep 1, 1975
Three normal, sexually mature young boars of Swedish Yorkshire breed were treated with daily intr... more Three normal, sexually mature young boars of Swedish Yorkshire breed were treated with daily intramuscular injections of diethylstilboestrol and/or oestradiolbenzoate for a total period of 13–15 weeks. Whole ejaculates were collected on a dummy sow with an artificial vagina twice a week. The ejaculate was examined as regards semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm motility and sperm morphology. The seminal plasma was analysed for Na, K, Cl, Mg, inorganic phosphate, total protein and fructose. Testicles, epididymides and the accessory sex glands were obtained at slaughter. Material from epididymal segments A, B, Db, Fa and Fb was collected and examined for sperm morphology. Spermatocrit, osmotic pressure and plasma concentrations of Na, K, Gl, total protein and GPC were assessed in material from epididymal segment Fa. The sex glands and the accessory sex glands were examined maeroscopically and microscopically.The semen volume, the sperm concentration and consequently the total sperm count per ejaculate showed a gradual increase during the course of the investigation. This is to be expected as the boars used were comparatively young at the beginning of the experiment. These values were all within normal limits for adolescent boars.Taking all the characteristics examined into consideration no conclusive evidence was found that an exogenic administration of oestrogens to intact boars has any influence on the function of the epididymis and the accessory sex glands.
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, Sep 1, 1978
CABI eBooks, 2012
This second edition book presents a comprehensive description of all modern topics related to dog... more This second edition book presents a comprehensive description of all modern topics related to dog genetics from various scientists in the USA, Europe, Australia and Russia. The systematics, phylogeny, domestication and single gene traits are discussed in chapters 1-5, chapters 6-10 are on immunogenetics and genetic diseases, while chapters 11 and 12 presents gene mapping and genome structure of the dog. The genetic aspects of behaviour, reproduction and development are highlighted in chapters 13 to 15, followed by morphological traits and olfactory genetics in chapters 16 and 17, and chapters 18 to 20 discusses genotype testing, pedigree analysis, quantitative genetics and complex traits. Chapters 21 to 23 emphasizes the application of dog genetics in medical research, genetic aspects of performance in working dogs and genomic nomenclature. The book is intended towards researchers, lecturers, students, dog breeders, veterinarians and kennel clubs.
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
The study was aimed at finding out whether dog sperm could be labelled using 99m Tc-HMPAO and fin... more The study was aimed at finding out whether dog sperm could be labelled using 99m Tc-HMPAO and finding the optimum incubation temperature and amount of 99m Tc-HMPAO to label spermatozoa from fresh ejaculates and from frozen-thawed semen. A radiopharmaceutical was prepared by reconstituting 0.5 mg of HMPAO with 5 ml pertechnetate solution containing 100 kBq 99m Tc. Semen samples were obtained from three dogs, pooled and divided into aliquots containing 100x10 6 spermatozoa each. Fresh and frozen-thawed semen samples were used. In experiment 1, the fresh and frozen-thawed spermatozoa were incubated with 99m Tc-HMPAO at 20 o C or 37 o C for 20 min. In experiment 2, 0.01, 0.1 or 0.5 ml of radiopharmaceutical was used to incubate the spermatozoa at room temperature (20 o C) for 20 min. The excess radioactivity was removed by three times washing using centrifugation at 500 x g for 6 min and resuspending with TRIS buffer. The incubation procedure with the radiopharmaceutical did not influence the membrane integrity, but sperm progressive motility was reduced by each washing and most of the spermatozoa maintained only stationary motility. The incubation temperature was not found to have an effect on the labelling efficiency. The highest labelling efficiency, 52%, was obtained with fresh semen incubated with 0.01 ml 99m Tc-HMPAO. Since less than 5% of excess radioactivity was removed from the supernatant by the third washing, it is recommended to do no more than two washings in order to reduce the loss of progressive motility. This study shows that dog spermatozoa can be effectively radiolabelled, which is of value for further studies on sperm transport in the canine female genital tract.
The study was aimed at finding out whether dog sperm could be labelled using 99mTc-HMPAO and find... more The study was aimed at finding out whether dog sperm could be labelled using 99mTc-HMPAO and finding the optimum incubation temperature and amount of 99mTc-HMPAO to label spermatozoa from fresh ejaculates and from frozen-thawed semen. A radiopharmaceutical was prepared by reconstituting 0.5 mg of HMPAO with 5 ml pertechnetate solution containing 100 kBq 99mTc. Semen samples were obtained from three dogs, pooled and divided into aliquots containing 100x106 spermatozoa each. Fresh and frozen-thawed semen samples were used. In experiment 1, the fresh and frozen-thawed spermatozoa were incubated with 99mTc-HMPAO at 20oC or 37oC for 20 min. In experiment 2, 0.01, 0.1 or 0.5 ml of radiopharmaceutical was used to incubate the spermatozoa at room temperature (20oC) for 20 min. The excess radioactivity was removed by three times washing using centrifugation at 500 x g for 6 min and resuspending with TRIS buffer. The incubation procedure with the radiopharmaceutical did not influence the memb...
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 1975
Journal of reproduction and fertility. Supplement, 1993
Dog spermatozoa from fresh ejaculates and after freezing-thawing were air-dried on to grids and s... more Dog spermatozoa from fresh ejaculates and after freezing-thawing were air-dried on to grids and subjected to X-ray microanalysis or examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The spermatozoa subjected to freezing-thawing presented major changes in their morphology, which included the loss of acrosomal contents, seen both by the swelling and rarefaction of the acrosome and the loss of electron-dense acrosomal material. In many cells the acrosomal damage, including the equatorial region, was conspicuous, with vesiculization of the acrosomal membranes. The plasmalemma remained, in most cases, apparently intact. X-ray microanalysis of the sperm aliquots showed a significant decrease in the amount of most selected elements after freezing-thawing. The extent to which concentrations of phosphorus and sulfur decreased in the sperm head region suggested that major changes in the chromatin occurred during the freeze-thaw process.
Journal of reproduction and fertility. Supplement, 1993
The Amerlite immunoassay system was evaluated for direct measurement of progesterone and oestradi... more The Amerlite immunoassay system was evaluated for direct measurement of progesterone and oestradiol in canine plasma. The progesterone assay was evaluated without modification. To increase the sensitivity of the oestradiol assay, the horseradish peroxidase-labelled tracer was diluted 1:2 and the antiserum 1:10. Subsequently, the standards supplied in the kit were altered to produce a new standard curve. The dilution curves of canine plasma samples with high progesterone and oestradiol contents were parallel with the standard curves based on human serum. The relation between measurements of both hormones in canine plasma using established extraction methods as references and the Amerlite procedures were highly comparable, resulting in the linear regression equations y = 0.91x + 1.3 (progesterone, n = 100) and y = 0.79x + 0.9 (oestradiol, n = 84). However, for oestradiol the closest relation to the reference method was achieved when the incubation period was extended to 24 h at 4 degr...
The use of progesterone assays to determine the optimal time during estrus for mating or artifici... more The use of progesterone assays to determine the optimal time during estrus for mating or artificial insemination (AI), and during late pregnancy for a planned Cesarean section, have become routine procedures. Both quantitative and qualitative assays are being used, and the results may vary considerably depending on the reliability of the assay, and also with the individual bitch. The aim of the present study was to define the daily physiological variation in progesterone in bitches during the non-pregnant and pregnant estrous cycle using an immunoassay (Amerlite) validated for the dog, with an intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) of <4%, an inter-assay CV of <8.1% and a detection limit of 0.20±0.06nmol/L(1). Six bitches, 2 to 8 years old, were used. Four bitches were followed during a non-pregnant cycle, and 2 during a pregnant cycle. Blood samples were collected from the cephalic vein three times daily, at 8.00-9.30, 13.00-14.00 and 15.00-16.00 in heparinized tubes that ...
Uploads
Papers by Catharina Linde Forsberg