Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) is frequently expressed in many types of cancers exerting a pleiotropic ... more Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) is frequently expressed in many types of cancers exerting a pleiotropic and multifaceted role in genesis or promotion of carcinogenesis and cancer cell resistance to chemo‐ and radiotherapy. COX‐2 is released by cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs), macrophage type 2 (M2) cells, and cancer cells to the tumor microenvironment (TME). COX‐2 induces cancer stem cell (CSC)‐like activity, and promotes apoptotic resistance, proliferation, angiogenesis, inflammation, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. COX‐2 mediated hypoxia within the TME along with its positive interactions with YAP1 and antiapoptotic mediators are all in favor of cancer cell resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. COX‐2 exerts most of the functions through its metabolite prostaglandin E2. In some and limited situations, COX‐2 may act as an antitumor enzyme. Multiple signals are contributed to the functions of COX‐2 on cancer cells or its regulation. Members of mitogen‐activated protein kinase...
Oxidative stress acts as a double‐edged sword by being both a promoter and a suppressor of cancer... more Oxidative stress acts as a double‐edged sword by being both a promoter and a suppressor of cancer. Moderate oxidative stress is beneficial for cancer cell proliferative and invasiveness features, while overexposure of the cells to oxidative insults could induce cancer cell apoptosis and reduce hypoxia along with modulating the immune system for regression of tumor. Cancer cells and cancer stem cells have highly efficient redox systems that make them resistant to oxidative insults. The redox disruptive approach is an area of current research and key for oxidative targeted cancer therapies. This disruption is applicable by using either oxidative or anti‐oxidative overloading strategies, specifically on cancer cells without influencing normal cells or tissues around tumor. The activity of tumor suppressor cells within tumor microenvironment is needed to be maintained in patients receiving such approaches.
Macrophages are the most abundant cells within the tumor stroma displaying noticeable plasticity,... more Macrophages are the most abundant cells within the tumor stroma displaying noticeable plasticity, which allows them to perform several functions within the tumor microenvironment. Tumor‐associated macrophages commonly refer to an alternative M2 phenotype, exhibiting anti‐inflammatory and pro‐tumoral effects. M2 cells are highly versatile and multi‐tasking cells that directly influence multiple steps in tumor development, including cancer cell survival, proliferation, stemness, and invasiveness along with angiogenesis and immunosuppression. M2 cells perform these functions through critical interactions with cells related to tumor progression, including Th2 cells, cancer‐associated fibroblasts, cancer cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and myeloid‐derived suppressor cells. M2 cells also have negative cross‐talks with tumor suppressor cells, including cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells. Programed death‐1 (PD‐1) is one of the key receptors expressed in M2 cells that, upon intera...
Melatonin is a multifunctional hormone that has long been known for its antitumoral effects. An a... more Melatonin is a multifunctional hormone that has long been known for its antitumoral effects. An advantage of the application of melatonin in cancer therapy is its ability to differentially influence tumors from normal cells. In this review, the roles of melatonin adjuvant therapy in human cancer are discussed. Combination of melatonin with chemotherapy could provide synergistic antitumoral outcomes and resolve drug resistance in affected patients. This combination reduces the dosage for chemotherapeutic agents with the subsequent attenuation of side effects related to these drugs on normal cells around tumor and on healthy organs. The combination therapy increases the rate of survival and improves the quality of life in affected patients. Cancer cell viability is reduced after application of the combinational melatonin therapy. Melatonin does all these functions by adjusting the signals involved in cancer progression, re‐establishing the dark/light circadian rhythm, and disrupting t...
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a host for a complex network of heterogeneous stromal cells with ... more Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a host for a complex network of heterogeneous stromal cells with overlapping or opposing functions depending on the dominant signals within this milieu. Reciprocal paracrine interactions between cancer cells with cells within the tumor stroma often reshape the TME in favor of the promotion of tumor. These complex interactions require more sophisticated approaches for cancer therapy, and, therefore, advancing knowledge about dominant drivers of cancer within the TME is critical for designing therapeutic schemes. This review will provide knowledge about TME architecture, multiple signaling, and cross communications between cells within this milieu, and its targeting for immunotherapy of cancer.
Background and Aims: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated tra... more Background and Aims: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors of nuclear receptor superfamily,consisting of three subtypes: PPARα,γ,β/δ. Clinical evidence suggests that PPARs may be involved in regulating angiogenesis. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that whether activation of PPARγ by Rosiglitazone, a PPAR γ agonist, can alter coronary angiogenesis in diabetic and control rats. Methods: Twenty four male rats were randomly divided into four groups as follows: group1: control rats received vehicle; group2: control rats received rosiglitazone (8mg/kg/day) by gavage every day; group3: diabetic rats received vehicle; group4: diabetic rats received rosiglitazone (8mg/kg/day) by gavage everyday. All rats were sacrified after 21 days and their hearts muscles were harvested for immonohistochemistry. Findings: The mean capillary density in control rats was higher than diabetic rats (p=0.08). Rosiglitazone treatment could not change capillary density of the heart in diabetic rats (121.71±13.32 versus 136.62±7.02/mm2) and nondiabetic rats (153.78±11.08 versus 135.96±4.3/mm2). Conclusions:Our findings demonstrate that diabetes is associated with reduced capillary density in the heart and PPARγ activation by rosiglitazone could not alter angiogenesis in diabetic and non-diabetic rats.
Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research, 2021
To evaluate the effect of single-dose subcutaneous of G-CSF administration versus intrauterine in... more To evaluate the effect of single-dose subcutaneous of G-CSF administration versus intrauterine infusion on IUI outcomes in patients with unexplained infertility. Materials and Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial under tertiary setting at Infertility Clinic affiliated to Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences between Jun 2020 and Dec 2020. One hundred and thirty-nine eligible patients, on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) administration, were randomized into 3 groups :(A) patients received 300µg G-CSF subcutaneously, (B)in this group, 300µg G-CSF was infused intrauterine, and (C) patients received no G-CSF treatment. Biochemical pregnancy and clinical pregnancy were measured and compared between groups. Result: The pregnancy outcomes in women who received G-CSF increased in comparison to the control(p<0.05). Moreover, the results of our study showed that the chemical pregnancy and clinical pregnancy were higher in women who received intrauterine G-CSF infusion versus subcutaneous administration (respectively, 24.4% vs 20% and 24.4% vs 15.55%) but these differences were not statistically significant(p>0.05). Conclusion: G-CSF can conceivably improve pregnancy outcomes. Intrauterine route appears to be more effective than subcutaneous. However, Further studies with higher sample size are needed to establish the best route of G-CSF administration in particular with regards to women with unexplained infertility undergoing IUI.
Introduction: Recently, in prenatal screening, the non-invasive method of using free fetal DNA ha... more Introduction: Recently, in prenatal screening, the non-invasive method of using free fetal DNA has attracted a lot of attention. However, there is a little data on the positive predictive value (PPV) of the test. Therefore, the present study was conducted to examine the PPV of the test. Method: In this retrospective descriptive-analytical study, 104 pregnant women who voluntarily underwent Cell Free DNA Testing due to aneuploidy-based ultrasound findings, trisomy pregnancy history, abnormal results of the first or second or combined trimester screening test were included in the study. The tests were performed in a private pathobiology laboratory in Bandar Abbas between July 2016 and March 2017. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS vre. 21 software and Ki-square and independent t-tests. Results: The data obtained from the Cell Free DNA test in pregnant women showed one case of trisomy 13, three cases of trisomy 21 and one case of monosomy X. After performing the final diagnostic test using amniocentesis, the positive predictive value of the test was 100% for trisomy 13, 21, and monosomy X. However, it was not possible to examine trisomy 18 due to the lack of cases with this abnormality in the tests. Conclusion: The findings showed high positive predictive value (PPV) of non-invasive Cell Free DNA testing for trisomy 13, 21, and monosomy X. Therefore, it seems that this test can be suggested as a non-invasive method in screening of chromosomal abnormalities in pregnant women.
BackgroundAlthough bacterial infections have been recognized as a possible cause of male infertil... more BackgroundAlthough bacterial infections have been recognized as a possible cause of male infertility, the effect of bacterial infections on sperm quality and sperm DNA fragmentation remains controversial. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence rate of bacterial infection in subfertile men and its effect on semen quality. Seminal fluid was collected from 172 male members of infertile couples attending the andrology infertility center and a group of 35 fertile subjects as a control. Sperm parameters and DNA fragmentation were evaluated based on the type of bacteria in all ejaculates.ResultsFrom the 172 patients investigated for infertility, 60 (34.88%) patients had a positive culture for pathogenic bacteria of different species. Leukocytospermia was significantly higher in infected samples in comparison with non-infected samples (p < 0.05). Sperm concentration and motility and morphology were significantly lower in infected than non-infected samples. Moreover, sperm ...
... Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94(9): 4312-7. 9. Lee CH, Chawla A, Urbiztondo N, Liao D, Boisve... more ... Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94(9): 4312-7. 9. Lee CH, Chawla A, Urbiztondo N, Liao D, Boisvert WA, Evans RM, et al. ... Waltenberger J, Lange J, Kranz A .Vascular endothelial growth factor-A-induced chemotaxis of monocytes is attenuated in patients with diabetes mellitus: A ...
Background Although hormonal and metabolic dysfunction have been recognized as a possible cause o... more Background Although hormonal and metabolic dysfunction have been recognized as a possible cause of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), the associations between hyperandrogenism and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) signaling pathway remains controversial. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of hyperandrogenism on oocyte developmental competency via regarding Ahr signaling downstream pathway in granulosa cells. Materials and methods Granulosa cells were collected from 45 PCOS patients under assisted reproductive technique (ART). Gene expression of Ahr downstream pathway was evaluated based on Reverse Transcription Q-PCR assay. Moreover the correlation was investigated between gene expression and hyperandrogenism, and oocyte developmental competency in PCOS. Results From the 45 PCOS patients, 26 (64.44%) had a high level of follicular fluid testosterone (FFT). Based on the FFT level, two groups of PCOS: HFT (high level of FFT) and non-HFT, were shown significant difference...
INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in diab... more INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients. This study evaluated the effects of diabetes on myocardial capillary density and several serum angiogenic factors including nitric oxide, vascular endothelial growth factor, and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. METHODS: Twelve male rats were divided into two groups: control and diabetic (n = 6 each). Diabetes was induced with a single dose of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). After 21 days, capillary density in the myocardial tissue was evaluated using immunohistochemical staining and is reported as capillaries per mm 2. Blood samples were collected before and after the induction of diabetes. RESULTS: In the diabetic group, serum nitric oxide and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 concentrations were lower than the levels in the control group, while the level of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 was significantly higher. There was no significant change in the serum vascular endothelial growth factor concentration between the diabetic and control groups; however, the ratio of vascular endothelial growth factor to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 was significantly lower in the diabetic animals. The myocardial capillary density was also lower in the diabetic group compared with the control group (1549¡161 vs. 2156¡202/mm 2 , respectively). CONCLUSION: Reduced serum nitric oxide and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 levels, increased serum vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 levels and a lower vascular endothelial growth factor to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 ratio may be responsible for the decreased myocardial capillary density in diabetic rats.
Ovarian cancer continues to be the leading cause of death from gynecological cancers. Despite inc... more Ovarian cancer continues to be the leading cause of death from gynecological cancers. Despite inconsistent results, patients with metabolic abnormalities, including obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM), have poorer outcomes, showing a correlation with ovarian cancer incidence and ovarian cancer survival. Since ovarian cancer is the most common cancer in women, and considering the increasing prevalence of obesity and DM, this paper reviews the literature regarding the relationship between the aforementioned metabolic derangements and ovarian cancer, with a focus on ovarian cancer incidence, mortality, and likely mechanisms behind them. Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have shown that obesity is associated with a higher incidence and poorer survival in ovarian cancer. Although more studies are required to investigate the etiological relation of DM and ovarian cancer, sufficient biological evidence indicates poorer outcomes and shorter survival in DM women with ovarian cancer. A variety of pathologic factors may contribute to ovarian cancer risk, development, and survival, including altered adipokine expression, increased levels of circulating growth factors, altered levels of sex hormones, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and chronic inflammation. Thus, obesity and DM, as changeable risk factors, can be targeted for intervention to prevent ovarian cancer and improve its outcomes.
Objective(s): NOTCH signaling pathway is well known for its role in cell fate, cell survival, cel... more Objective(s): NOTCH signaling pathway is well known for its role in cell fate, cell survival, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. Some of the NOTCH signaling genes are critical for endometrial function and implantation in animals and appear to play a similar role in humans. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the potential roles of some main components of the NOTCH family in human endometrium during implantation period in common gynecological diseases. Materials and Methods: Endometrial NOTCH receptors NOTCH1, 3, 4 and ligand JAG1, 2 and survivin mRNA expression were investigated using the Q-PCR technique and the amount of the JAG1, 2 proteins was also determined by Western blot. Samples were obtained from 12 patients with endometriosis, 12 patients with repeated implantation failure (RIF), 12 patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and 10 healthy fertile women as a control group. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18. Group comparisons were performed by o...
Background Considering that clinical trial studies are limited in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS... more Background Considering that clinical trial studies are limited in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients, and there is no consensus on an optimum endometrial preparation protocol for frozen embryo transfer (FET), the present study was designed as a randomized clinical trial to compare the reproductive outcomes following stimulated cycles with letrozole plus human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) for endometrial preparation compared with routine AC-FET. Methods This randomized controlled trial was carried out on infertile PCOS patients who underwent IVF/ICSI and FET cycles in Arash Women’s Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences between September 2018 and January 2020. PCOS diagnosis was based on the Rotterdam criteria. Eligible patients were randomly allocated into two groups: stimulated cycle with letrozole plus (HMG) (intervention group) and routine artificial hormonal endometrial preparation (control group). Results One hundred seventy-seven infertile patient...
This research attempted to elucidate the molecular components are involved in the pathogenesis of... more This research attempted to elucidate the molecular components are involved in the pathogenesis of recurrent implantation failure (RIF). We initially identified that 386 mRNAs, 144 miRNAs and 2548 circRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) in RIF and then investigated the genetic cause of the observed abnormal expression by constructing a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network considering the competing endogenous RNA theory. We further analysed the upstream transcription factors and related kinases of DEmRNAs (DEMs) and demonstrated that SUZ12, AR, TP63, NANOG, and TCF3 were the top five TFs binding to these DEMs. Besides, protein-protein interaction analysis disclosed that ACTB, CXCL10, PTGS2, CXCL12, GNG4, AGT, CXCL11, SST, PENK, and FOXM1 were the top 10 hub genes in the acquired network. Finally, we performed the functional enrichment analysis and found that arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), pathways in cancer, TNF signalling pathway and steroid hormone biosynthesis were the potentially disrupted pathways in RIF patients. Optimistically, our findings may deepen our apprehensions about the underlying molecular and biological causes of RIF and provide vital clues for future laboratory and clinical experiments that will ultimately bring a better outcome for patients with RIF.
Background Cesarean scar pregnancy is a complicated and potentially life-threatening type of ecto... more Background Cesarean scar pregnancy is a complicated and potentially life-threatening type of ectopic pregnancy. This study reports two women with cesarean scar pregnancy who were successfully treated with systemic methotrexate administration, and two other women who needed local re-administration of methotrexate after systemic injection. Case presentation Four Iranian pregnant women aged 29–34 years who were between 5 to 7 gestational weeks with cesarean scar pregnancy diagnosis are described. After a single dose of systemic methotrexate injection, the level of serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin decreased in two of the women, while fetal activity was observed in the other two women. In the latter patients, methotrexate was injected under transvaginal ultrasound guidance into the gestational sac. As a result, the serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin level first increased and then decreased in these patients. During the follow-up period, all the patients were stable and no co...
Background Determining the initiation day of antagonist administration is an important and challe... more Background Determining the initiation day of antagonist administration is an important and challenging issue and different results have been reported in the previous studies. The present study was designed to compare the controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) cycles outcomes of early-onset gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol with conventional flexible GnRH-ant protocol in patients with poor ovarian response (POR) diagnosis. This randomized clinical trial was performed on infertile women who were diagnosed as poor responders in in vitro fertilization/intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles at Arash Women’s Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. POR was defined according to the Bologna criteria and the eligible women were randomly allocated into an experimental (early-onset GnRH-ant) and control (conventional flexible GnRH-ant) groups. The women in the experimental group received recombinant gonadotropins (150–225 IU) and...
Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) is frequently expressed in many types of cancers exerting a pleiotropic ... more Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) is frequently expressed in many types of cancers exerting a pleiotropic and multifaceted role in genesis or promotion of carcinogenesis and cancer cell resistance to chemo‐ and radiotherapy. COX‐2 is released by cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs), macrophage type 2 (M2) cells, and cancer cells to the tumor microenvironment (TME). COX‐2 induces cancer stem cell (CSC)‐like activity, and promotes apoptotic resistance, proliferation, angiogenesis, inflammation, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. COX‐2 mediated hypoxia within the TME along with its positive interactions with YAP1 and antiapoptotic mediators are all in favor of cancer cell resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. COX‐2 exerts most of the functions through its metabolite prostaglandin E2. In some and limited situations, COX‐2 may act as an antitumor enzyme. Multiple signals are contributed to the functions of COX‐2 on cancer cells or its regulation. Members of mitogen‐activated protein kinase...
Oxidative stress acts as a double‐edged sword by being both a promoter and a suppressor of cancer... more Oxidative stress acts as a double‐edged sword by being both a promoter and a suppressor of cancer. Moderate oxidative stress is beneficial for cancer cell proliferative and invasiveness features, while overexposure of the cells to oxidative insults could induce cancer cell apoptosis and reduce hypoxia along with modulating the immune system for regression of tumor. Cancer cells and cancer stem cells have highly efficient redox systems that make them resistant to oxidative insults. The redox disruptive approach is an area of current research and key for oxidative targeted cancer therapies. This disruption is applicable by using either oxidative or anti‐oxidative overloading strategies, specifically on cancer cells without influencing normal cells or tissues around tumor. The activity of tumor suppressor cells within tumor microenvironment is needed to be maintained in patients receiving such approaches.
Macrophages are the most abundant cells within the tumor stroma displaying noticeable plasticity,... more Macrophages are the most abundant cells within the tumor stroma displaying noticeable plasticity, which allows them to perform several functions within the tumor microenvironment. Tumor‐associated macrophages commonly refer to an alternative M2 phenotype, exhibiting anti‐inflammatory and pro‐tumoral effects. M2 cells are highly versatile and multi‐tasking cells that directly influence multiple steps in tumor development, including cancer cell survival, proliferation, stemness, and invasiveness along with angiogenesis and immunosuppression. M2 cells perform these functions through critical interactions with cells related to tumor progression, including Th2 cells, cancer‐associated fibroblasts, cancer cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and myeloid‐derived suppressor cells. M2 cells also have negative cross‐talks with tumor suppressor cells, including cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells. Programed death‐1 (PD‐1) is one of the key receptors expressed in M2 cells that, upon intera...
Melatonin is a multifunctional hormone that has long been known for its antitumoral effects. An a... more Melatonin is a multifunctional hormone that has long been known for its antitumoral effects. An advantage of the application of melatonin in cancer therapy is its ability to differentially influence tumors from normal cells. In this review, the roles of melatonin adjuvant therapy in human cancer are discussed. Combination of melatonin with chemotherapy could provide synergistic antitumoral outcomes and resolve drug resistance in affected patients. This combination reduces the dosage for chemotherapeutic agents with the subsequent attenuation of side effects related to these drugs on normal cells around tumor and on healthy organs. The combination therapy increases the rate of survival and improves the quality of life in affected patients. Cancer cell viability is reduced after application of the combinational melatonin therapy. Melatonin does all these functions by adjusting the signals involved in cancer progression, re‐establishing the dark/light circadian rhythm, and disrupting t...
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a host for a complex network of heterogeneous stromal cells with ... more Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a host for a complex network of heterogeneous stromal cells with overlapping or opposing functions depending on the dominant signals within this milieu. Reciprocal paracrine interactions between cancer cells with cells within the tumor stroma often reshape the TME in favor of the promotion of tumor. These complex interactions require more sophisticated approaches for cancer therapy, and, therefore, advancing knowledge about dominant drivers of cancer within the TME is critical for designing therapeutic schemes. This review will provide knowledge about TME architecture, multiple signaling, and cross communications between cells within this milieu, and its targeting for immunotherapy of cancer.
Background and Aims: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated tra... more Background and Aims: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors of nuclear receptor superfamily,consisting of three subtypes: PPARα,γ,β/δ. Clinical evidence suggests that PPARs may be involved in regulating angiogenesis. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that whether activation of PPARγ by Rosiglitazone, a PPAR γ agonist, can alter coronary angiogenesis in diabetic and control rats. Methods: Twenty four male rats were randomly divided into four groups as follows: group1: control rats received vehicle; group2: control rats received rosiglitazone (8mg/kg/day) by gavage every day; group3: diabetic rats received vehicle; group4: diabetic rats received rosiglitazone (8mg/kg/day) by gavage everyday. All rats were sacrified after 21 days and their hearts muscles were harvested for immonohistochemistry. Findings: The mean capillary density in control rats was higher than diabetic rats (p=0.08). Rosiglitazone treatment could not change capillary density of the heart in diabetic rats (121.71±13.32 versus 136.62±7.02/mm2) and nondiabetic rats (153.78±11.08 versus 135.96±4.3/mm2). Conclusions:Our findings demonstrate that diabetes is associated with reduced capillary density in the heart and PPARγ activation by rosiglitazone could not alter angiogenesis in diabetic and non-diabetic rats.
Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research, 2021
To evaluate the effect of single-dose subcutaneous of G-CSF administration versus intrauterine in... more To evaluate the effect of single-dose subcutaneous of G-CSF administration versus intrauterine infusion on IUI outcomes in patients with unexplained infertility. Materials and Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial under tertiary setting at Infertility Clinic affiliated to Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences between Jun 2020 and Dec 2020. One hundred and thirty-nine eligible patients, on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) administration, were randomized into 3 groups :(A) patients received 300µg G-CSF subcutaneously, (B)in this group, 300µg G-CSF was infused intrauterine, and (C) patients received no G-CSF treatment. Biochemical pregnancy and clinical pregnancy were measured and compared between groups. Result: The pregnancy outcomes in women who received G-CSF increased in comparison to the control(p<0.05). Moreover, the results of our study showed that the chemical pregnancy and clinical pregnancy were higher in women who received intrauterine G-CSF infusion versus subcutaneous administration (respectively, 24.4% vs 20% and 24.4% vs 15.55%) but these differences were not statistically significant(p>0.05). Conclusion: G-CSF can conceivably improve pregnancy outcomes. Intrauterine route appears to be more effective than subcutaneous. However, Further studies with higher sample size are needed to establish the best route of G-CSF administration in particular with regards to women with unexplained infertility undergoing IUI.
Introduction: Recently, in prenatal screening, the non-invasive method of using free fetal DNA ha... more Introduction: Recently, in prenatal screening, the non-invasive method of using free fetal DNA has attracted a lot of attention. However, there is a little data on the positive predictive value (PPV) of the test. Therefore, the present study was conducted to examine the PPV of the test. Method: In this retrospective descriptive-analytical study, 104 pregnant women who voluntarily underwent Cell Free DNA Testing due to aneuploidy-based ultrasound findings, trisomy pregnancy history, abnormal results of the first or second or combined trimester screening test were included in the study. The tests were performed in a private pathobiology laboratory in Bandar Abbas between July 2016 and March 2017. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS vre. 21 software and Ki-square and independent t-tests. Results: The data obtained from the Cell Free DNA test in pregnant women showed one case of trisomy 13, three cases of trisomy 21 and one case of monosomy X. After performing the final diagnostic test using amniocentesis, the positive predictive value of the test was 100% for trisomy 13, 21, and monosomy X. However, it was not possible to examine trisomy 18 due to the lack of cases with this abnormality in the tests. Conclusion: The findings showed high positive predictive value (PPV) of non-invasive Cell Free DNA testing for trisomy 13, 21, and monosomy X. Therefore, it seems that this test can be suggested as a non-invasive method in screening of chromosomal abnormalities in pregnant women.
BackgroundAlthough bacterial infections have been recognized as a possible cause of male infertil... more BackgroundAlthough bacterial infections have been recognized as a possible cause of male infertility, the effect of bacterial infections on sperm quality and sperm DNA fragmentation remains controversial. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence rate of bacterial infection in subfertile men and its effect on semen quality. Seminal fluid was collected from 172 male members of infertile couples attending the andrology infertility center and a group of 35 fertile subjects as a control. Sperm parameters and DNA fragmentation were evaluated based on the type of bacteria in all ejaculates.ResultsFrom the 172 patients investigated for infertility, 60 (34.88%) patients had a positive culture for pathogenic bacteria of different species. Leukocytospermia was significantly higher in infected samples in comparison with non-infected samples (p < 0.05). Sperm concentration and motility and morphology were significantly lower in infected than non-infected samples. Moreover, sperm ...
... Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94(9): 4312-7. 9. Lee CH, Chawla A, Urbiztondo N, Liao D, Boisve... more ... Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94(9): 4312-7. 9. Lee CH, Chawla A, Urbiztondo N, Liao D, Boisvert WA, Evans RM, et al. ... Waltenberger J, Lange J, Kranz A .Vascular endothelial growth factor-A-induced chemotaxis of monocytes is attenuated in patients with diabetes mellitus: A ...
Background Although hormonal and metabolic dysfunction have been recognized as a possible cause o... more Background Although hormonal and metabolic dysfunction have been recognized as a possible cause of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), the associations between hyperandrogenism and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) signaling pathway remains controversial. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of hyperandrogenism on oocyte developmental competency via regarding Ahr signaling downstream pathway in granulosa cells. Materials and methods Granulosa cells were collected from 45 PCOS patients under assisted reproductive technique (ART). Gene expression of Ahr downstream pathway was evaluated based on Reverse Transcription Q-PCR assay. Moreover the correlation was investigated between gene expression and hyperandrogenism, and oocyte developmental competency in PCOS. Results From the 45 PCOS patients, 26 (64.44%) had a high level of follicular fluid testosterone (FFT). Based on the FFT level, two groups of PCOS: HFT (high level of FFT) and non-HFT, were shown significant difference...
INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in diab... more INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients. This study evaluated the effects of diabetes on myocardial capillary density and several serum angiogenic factors including nitric oxide, vascular endothelial growth factor, and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. METHODS: Twelve male rats were divided into two groups: control and diabetic (n = 6 each). Diabetes was induced with a single dose of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). After 21 days, capillary density in the myocardial tissue was evaluated using immunohistochemical staining and is reported as capillaries per mm 2. Blood samples were collected before and after the induction of diabetes. RESULTS: In the diabetic group, serum nitric oxide and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 concentrations were lower than the levels in the control group, while the level of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 was significantly higher. There was no significant change in the serum vascular endothelial growth factor concentration between the diabetic and control groups; however, the ratio of vascular endothelial growth factor to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 was significantly lower in the diabetic animals. The myocardial capillary density was also lower in the diabetic group compared with the control group (1549¡161 vs. 2156¡202/mm 2 , respectively). CONCLUSION: Reduced serum nitric oxide and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 levels, increased serum vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 levels and a lower vascular endothelial growth factor to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 ratio may be responsible for the decreased myocardial capillary density in diabetic rats.
Ovarian cancer continues to be the leading cause of death from gynecological cancers. Despite inc... more Ovarian cancer continues to be the leading cause of death from gynecological cancers. Despite inconsistent results, patients with metabolic abnormalities, including obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM), have poorer outcomes, showing a correlation with ovarian cancer incidence and ovarian cancer survival. Since ovarian cancer is the most common cancer in women, and considering the increasing prevalence of obesity and DM, this paper reviews the literature regarding the relationship between the aforementioned metabolic derangements and ovarian cancer, with a focus on ovarian cancer incidence, mortality, and likely mechanisms behind them. Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have shown that obesity is associated with a higher incidence and poorer survival in ovarian cancer. Although more studies are required to investigate the etiological relation of DM and ovarian cancer, sufficient biological evidence indicates poorer outcomes and shorter survival in DM women with ovarian cancer. A variety of pathologic factors may contribute to ovarian cancer risk, development, and survival, including altered adipokine expression, increased levels of circulating growth factors, altered levels of sex hormones, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and chronic inflammation. Thus, obesity and DM, as changeable risk factors, can be targeted for intervention to prevent ovarian cancer and improve its outcomes.
Objective(s): NOTCH signaling pathway is well known for its role in cell fate, cell survival, cel... more Objective(s): NOTCH signaling pathway is well known for its role in cell fate, cell survival, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. Some of the NOTCH signaling genes are critical for endometrial function and implantation in animals and appear to play a similar role in humans. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the potential roles of some main components of the NOTCH family in human endometrium during implantation period in common gynecological diseases. Materials and Methods: Endometrial NOTCH receptors NOTCH1, 3, 4 and ligand JAG1, 2 and survivin mRNA expression were investigated using the Q-PCR technique and the amount of the JAG1, 2 proteins was also determined by Western blot. Samples were obtained from 12 patients with endometriosis, 12 patients with repeated implantation failure (RIF), 12 patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and 10 healthy fertile women as a control group. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18. Group comparisons were performed by o...
Background Considering that clinical trial studies are limited in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS... more Background Considering that clinical trial studies are limited in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients, and there is no consensus on an optimum endometrial preparation protocol for frozen embryo transfer (FET), the present study was designed as a randomized clinical trial to compare the reproductive outcomes following stimulated cycles with letrozole plus human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) for endometrial preparation compared with routine AC-FET. Methods This randomized controlled trial was carried out on infertile PCOS patients who underwent IVF/ICSI and FET cycles in Arash Women’s Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences between September 2018 and January 2020. PCOS diagnosis was based on the Rotterdam criteria. Eligible patients were randomly allocated into two groups: stimulated cycle with letrozole plus (HMG) (intervention group) and routine artificial hormonal endometrial preparation (control group). Results One hundred seventy-seven infertile patient...
This research attempted to elucidate the molecular components are involved in the pathogenesis of... more This research attempted to elucidate the molecular components are involved in the pathogenesis of recurrent implantation failure (RIF). We initially identified that 386 mRNAs, 144 miRNAs and 2548 circRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) in RIF and then investigated the genetic cause of the observed abnormal expression by constructing a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network considering the competing endogenous RNA theory. We further analysed the upstream transcription factors and related kinases of DEmRNAs (DEMs) and demonstrated that SUZ12, AR, TP63, NANOG, and TCF3 were the top five TFs binding to these DEMs. Besides, protein-protein interaction analysis disclosed that ACTB, CXCL10, PTGS2, CXCL12, GNG4, AGT, CXCL11, SST, PENK, and FOXM1 were the top 10 hub genes in the acquired network. Finally, we performed the functional enrichment analysis and found that arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), pathways in cancer, TNF signalling pathway and steroid hormone biosynthesis were the potentially disrupted pathways in RIF patients. Optimistically, our findings may deepen our apprehensions about the underlying molecular and biological causes of RIF and provide vital clues for future laboratory and clinical experiments that will ultimately bring a better outcome for patients with RIF.
Background Cesarean scar pregnancy is a complicated and potentially life-threatening type of ecto... more Background Cesarean scar pregnancy is a complicated and potentially life-threatening type of ectopic pregnancy. This study reports two women with cesarean scar pregnancy who were successfully treated with systemic methotrexate administration, and two other women who needed local re-administration of methotrexate after systemic injection. Case presentation Four Iranian pregnant women aged 29–34 years who were between 5 to 7 gestational weeks with cesarean scar pregnancy diagnosis are described. After a single dose of systemic methotrexate injection, the level of serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin decreased in two of the women, while fetal activity was observed in the other two women. In the latter patients, methotrexate was injected under transvaginal ultrasound guidance into the gestational sac. As a result, the serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin level first increased and then decreased in these patients. During the follow-up period, all the patients were stable and no co...
Background Determining the initiation day of antagonist administration is an important and challe... more Background Determining the initiation day of antagonist administration is an important and challenging issue and different results have been reported in the previous studies. The present study was designed to compare the controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) cycles outcomes of early-onset gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol with conventional flexible GnRH-ant protocol in patients with poor ovarian response (POR) diagnosis. This randomized clinical trial was performed on infertile women who were diagnosed as poor responders in in vitro fertilization/intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles at Arash Women’s Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. POR was defined according to the Bologna criteria and the eligible women were randomly allocated into an experimental (early-onset GnRH-ant) and control (conventional flexible GnRH-ant) groups. The women in the experimental group received recombinant gonadotropins (150–225 IU) and...
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Papers by Ensieh Salehi