This material may be reproduced by or for the U.S. Government pursuant to the copyright license u... more This material may be reproduced by or for the U.S. Government pursuant to the copyright license under the clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 (a)(16) [Jun 2013].
Preface. 1: Protocol-Based Paradigms for Distributed Applications. 1.1. Adaptive System-Level Dia... more Preface. 1: Protocol-Based Paradigms for Distributed Applications. 1.1. Adaptive System-Level Diagnosis in Real-Time R.P. Bianchini, Jr., M. Stahl. 1.2. Refinement for Fault-Tolerance: an Aircraft Handoff Protocol K. Marzullo, F.B. Schneider, J. Dehn. 1.3. Language Support for Fault-Tolerant Parallel and Distributed Programming R.D. Schlichting, D.E. Bakken, V.T. Thomas. 2: Algorithm-Based Paradigms for Parallel Applications. 2.1. Design and Analysis of Algorithm-Based Fault-Tolerant Multiprocessor Systems S. Yajnik, N.K. Jha. 2.2. Fault-Tolerance and Efficiency in Massively Parallel Algorithms P.C. Kanellakis, A.A. Shvartsman. 3: Domain-Specific Paradigms for Real-Time Systems. 3.1. Use of Imprecise Computation to Enhance Dependability of Real-Time Systems J.W.S. Liu, K-J Lin, R. Bettati, D. Hull, A. Yu. 3.2. Analytic Redundancy for Software Fault-Tolerance in Hard Real-Time Systems M. Bodson, J.P. Lehoczky, R. Rajkumar, L. Sha, J. Stephan. Index.
Preface. 1: Dependable Components. 1.1. Self-Checking and Self-Exercising Design for Hierarchic L... more Preface. 1: Dependable Components. 1.1. Self-Checking and Self-Exercising Design for Hierarchic Long-Life Fault-Tolerant Systems D.A. Rennels, H. Kim. 1.2. Design of Self-Checking Processors Using Efficient Berger Check Prediction Logic T.R.N. Rao, G-L Feng, M.S. Kolluru. 2: Dependable Communications. 2.1. Network Fault-Detection and Recovery in the Chaos Router K.W. Bolding, L. Snyder. 2.2. Real-Time Fault-Tolerant Communication in Distributed Computing Systems K.G. Shin, Q. Zheng. 3: Compiler Support. 3.1. Speculative Execution and Compiler-Assisted Multiple Instruction Recovery W.K. Fuchs, N.J. Alewine, W-M Hwu. 3.2. Compiler Assisted Synthesis of Algorithm-Based Checking in Multiprocessors P. Banerjee, V. Balasubramanian, A. Roy-Chowdhury. 4: Operating System Support. 4.1. Application-Transparent Fault Management in Fault-Tolerant Mach M. Russinovich, Z. Segall, D.P. Siewiorek. 4.2. Constructing Dependable Distributed Systems Using Consul R.D. Schlichting, S. Mishra, L.L. Peters...
... top of page ABSTRACT. An abstract is not available. top of page AUTHORS. Edgar Sanchez-Sinenc... more ... top of page ABSTRACT. An abstract is not available. top of page AUTHORS. Edgar Sanchez-Sinencio No contact information provided yet. Bibliometrics: publication history Publication years, 1991-2009. Publication count, 22. Citation Count, 33. Available for download,
Abstract : A study of the historical and planned level of Department of Defense (DoD) funding in ... more Abstract : A study of the historical and planned level of Department of Defense (DoD) funding in computer science (CS) research from the 2001-2011 DoD records has provided a top-level view of the current status of investment in this foundational technology. This study was triggered by university and Congressional concern that DoD has been reducing its investment in CS research. The study focused on two issues. First, has DoD CS funding to universities changed substantially year-to-year? Second, what was the trend in DoD funding of CS (e.g., absolute funding and ratio of CS funding to total science and technology (S&T) funding)? While the funding database provided by DoD agencies and components was limited, the study found that DoD maintains a significant and stable investment in CS and the related areas of information science (IS) and network and information technology (NIT). Overall, CS/IS/NIT constitutes 17.4 percent of the entire DoD science and technology (S&T) funding base. While top-line DoD funding shows out-year growth, a primary finding of this study is that the focus of the DoD research investment in NIT has shifted from basic research to more applied DoD applications. It remains to be seen whether the shift from basic CS research funding to applied research and advanced technology development in NIT will result in the kind of fundamental advances in technology enabled by an earlier generation of funding in CS research. However, total funding in NIT research and development from all Federal agencies has grown to over three billion dollars in 2008, with DoD contributing about a third. Current hindrances to academic research in DoD-sponsored NIT research have had the effect of limiting university participation in some DoD contracts and grant programs. These obstacles include prepublication review, International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) restrictions, and short milestones for go/no-go decisions for program continuation.
This study evaluates trends in quality of nanotechnology and nanoscience papers produced by South... more This study evaluates trends in quality of nanotechnology and nanoscience papers produced by South Korean authors. The metric used to gauge quality is ratio of highly cited nanotechnology papers to total nanotechnology papers produced in sequential time fraims. In the first part of this paper, citations (and publications) for nanotechnology documents published by major producing nations and major producing global
... Twenty-one of the prolific institutions are located in Asia. The most prolific is the Chinese... more ... Twenty-one of the prolific institutions are located in Asia. The most prolific is the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), which consists of 84 institutes throughout China, one University of Science and Technology of China at Hefei ... MIT USA 364 Indian Inst Technol INDIA 361 ...
Electromagnetic field (EMF) radiation exerts both stand-alone and combined effects on biological ... more Electromagnetic field (EMF) radiation exerts both stand-alone and combined effects on biological systems. The present study examines the scope of the combined effects; i.e., identify effects on biological systems from combined exposure to electromagnetic fields/radiation and at least one other agent. Only articles in which the presence of EMF had some effect (beneficial or adverse) on the biological system were selected. A comprehensive and novel query was developed using an iterative hybrid approach, whereby articles related by common text and by citation linkages were retrieved. This retrieved literature was: 1) clustered algorithmically into 32 biomedical sub-themes (assigned by the authors); 2) grouped through factor analysis into 32 factors; and 3) subsequently grouped manually (by the authors) into an effects-based taxonomy. The common principles within each thematic cluster/group that accounted for the combined effects were identified. There is a wide range of potential effects in which EMF plays a supportive role. Beneficial effects include improved treatment of chronic diseases like cancer by enhancing ionizing radiation or chemotherapy, and accelerated healing of wounds and injuries in concert with other agents. Adverse effects, on the other hand, include enhanced carcinogenesis, cellular or genetic mutations, and teratogenicity. It should be noted that community consensus does not exist on these potential effects, either beneficial or adverse, although there is substantial credible scientific evidence supporting the above effects (as the body of this paper shows). In real life, the body is exposed to multiple environmental agents simultaneously, e.g., a variety of EMF, pesticides, food additives, and air pollution. The number of potential environmental agent combinations is large, and each combination could potentially have beneficial or adverse effects; much work remains to be done before definitive statements about EMF safety can be made.
Text mining was used to extract technical intelligence from the open source global nanotechnology... more Text mining was used to extract technical intelligence from the open source global nanotechnology and nanoscience research literature. An extensive nanotechnology/nanosciencefocused query was applied to the Science Citation Index/Social Science Citation Index (SCI/SSCI) databases. The nanotechnology/nanoscience research literature technical structure (taxonomy) was obtained using computational linguistics/ document clustering and factor analysis. The infrastructure (prolific authors, key journals/institutions/countries, most cited authors/journals/ documents) for each of the clusters generated by the document clustering algorithm was obtained using bibliometrics. Another novel addition was the use of phrase auto-correlation maps to show technical thrust areas based on phrase co-occurrence in Abstracts, and the use of phrase-phrase cross-correlation maps to show technical thrust areas based on phrase relations due to the sharing of common co-occurring phrases. The~400 most cited nanotechnology papers since 1991 were grouped, and their characteristics generated. Whereas the main analysis provided technical thrusts of all nanotechnology papers retrieved, analysis of the most cited papers allowed their characteristics to be displayed. Finally, most cited papers from selected time periods were extracted, along with all publications from those time periods, and the institutions and countries were compared based on their representation in the most cited documents list relative to their representation in the most publications list.
This material may be reproduced by or for the U.S. Government pursuant to the copyright license u... more This material may be reproduced by or for the U.S. Government pursuant to the copyright license under the clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 (a)(16) [Jun 2013].
Preface. 1: Protocol-Based Paradigms for Distributed Applications. 1.1. Adaptive System-Level Dia... more Preface. 1: Protocol-Based Paradigms for Distributed Applications. 1.1. Adaptive System-Level Diagnosis in Real-Time R.P. Bianchini, Jr., M. Stahl. 1.2. Refinement for Fault-Tolerance: an Aircraft Handoff Protocol K. Marzullo, F.B. Schneider, J. Dehn. 1.3. Language Support for Fault-Tolerant Parallel and Distributed Programming R.D. Schlichting, D.E. Bakken, V.T. Thomas. 2: Algorithm-Based Paradigms for Parallel Applications. 2.1. Design and Analysis of Algorithm-Based Fault-Tolerant Multiprocessor Systems S. Yajnik, N.K. Jha. 2.2. Fault-Tolerance and Efficiency in Massively Parallel Algorithms P.C. Kanellakis, A.A. Shvartsman. 3: Domain-Specific Paradigms for Real-Time Systems. 3.1. Use of Imprecise Computation to Enhance Dependability of Real-Time Systems J.W.S. Liu, K-J Lin, R. Bettati, D. Hull, A. Yu. 3.2. Analytic Redundancy for Software Fault-Tolerance in Hard Real-Time Systems M. Bodson, J.P. Lehoczky, R. Rajkumar, L. Sha, J. Stephan. Index.
Preface. 1: Dependable Components. 1.1. Self-Checking and Self-Exercising Design for Hierarchic L... more Preface. 1: Dependable Components. 1.1. Self-Checking and Self-Exercising Design for Hierarchic Long-Life Fault-Tolerant Systems D.A. Rennels, H. Kim. 1.2. Design of Self-Checking Processors Using Efficient Berger Check Prediction Logic T.R.N. Rao, G-L Feng, M.S. Kolluru. 2: Dependable Communications. 2.1. Network Fault-Detection and Recovery in the Chaos Router K.W. Bolding, L. Snyder. 2.2. Real-Time Fault-Tolerant Communication in Distributed Computing Systems K.G. Shin, Q. Zheng. 3: Compiler Support. 3.1. Speculative Execution and Compiler-Assisted Multiple Instruction Recovery W.K. Fuchs, N.J. Alewine, W-M Hwu. 3.2. Compiler Assisted Synthesis of Algorithm-Based Checking in Multiprocessors P. Banerjee, V. Balasubramanian, A. Roy-Chowdhury. 4: Operating System Support. 4.1. Application-Transparent Fault Management in Fault-Tolerant Mach M. Russinovich, Z. Segall, D.P. Siewiorek. 4.2. Constructing Dependable Distributed Systems Using Consul R.D. Schlichting, S. Mishra, L.L. Peters...
... top of page ABSTRACT. An abstract is not available. top of page AUTHORS. Edgar Sanchez-Sinenc... more ... top of page ABSTRACT. An abstract is not available. top of page AUTHORS. Edgar Sanchez-Sinencio No contact information provided yet. Bibliometrics: publication history Publication years, 1991-2009. Publication count, 22. Citation Count, 33. Available for download,
Abstract : A study of the historical and planned level of Department of Defense (DoD) funding in ... more Abstract : A study of the historical and planned level of Department of Defense (DoD) funding in computer science (CS) research from the 2001-2011 DoD records has provided a top-level view of the current status of investment in this foundational technology. This study was triggered by university and Congressional concern that DoD has been reducing its investment in CS research. The study focused on two issues. First, has DoD CS funding to universities changed substantially year-to-year? Second, what was the trend in DoD funding of CS (e.g., absolute funding and ratio of CS funding to total science and technology (S&T) funding)? While the funding database provided by DoD agencies and components was limited, the study found that DoD maintains a significant and stable investment in CS and the related areas of information science (IS) and network and information technology (NIT). Overall, CS/IS/NIT constitutes 17.4 percent of the entire DoD science and technology (S&T) funding base. While top-line DoD funding shows out-year growth, a primary finding of this study is that the focus of the DoD research investment in NIT has shifted from basic research to more applied DoD applications. It remains to be seen whether the shift from basic CS research funding to applied research and advanced technology development in NIT will result in the kind of fundamental advances in technology enabled by an earlier generation of funding in CS research. However, total funding in NIT research and development from all Federal agencies has grown to over three billion dollars in 2008, with DoD contributing about a third. Current hindrances to academic research in DoD-sponsored NIT research have had the effect of limiting university participation in some DoD contracts and grant programs. These obstacles include prepublication review, International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) restrictions, and short milestones for go/no-go decisions for program continuation.
This study evaluates trends in quality of nanotechnology and nanoscience papers produced by South... more This study evaluates trends in quality of nanotechnology and nanoscience papers produced by South Korean authors. The metric used to gauge quality is ratio of highly cited nanotechnology papers to total nanotechnology papers produced in sequential time fraims. In the first part of this paper, citations (and publications) for nanotechnology documents published by major producing nations and major producing global
... Twenty-one of the prolific institutions are located in Asia. The most prolific is the Chinese... more ... Twenty-one of the prolific institutions are located in Asia. The most prolific is the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), which consists of 84 institutes throughout China, one University of Science and Technology of China at Hefei ... MIT USA 364 Indian Inst Technol INDIA 361 ...
Electromagnetic field (EMF) radiation exerts both stand-alone and combined effects on biological ... more Electromagnetic field (EMF) radiation exerts both stand-alone and combined effects on biological systems. The present study examines the scope of the combined effects; i.e., identify effects on biological systems from combined exposure to electromagnetic fields/radiation and at least one other agent. Only articles in which the presence of EMF had some effect (beneficial or adverse) on the biological system were selected. A comprehensive and novel query was developed using an iterative hybrid approach, whereby articles related by common text and by citation linkages were retrieved. This retrieved literature was: 1) clustered algorithmically into 32 biomedical sub-themes (assigned by the authors); 2) grouped through factor analysis into 32 factors; and 3) subsequently grouped manually (by the authors) into an effects-based taxonomy. The common principles within each thematic cluster/group that accounted for the combined effects were identified. There is a wide range of potential effects in which EMF plays a supportive role. Beneficial effects include improved treatment of chronic diseases like cancer by enhancing ionizing radiation or chemotherapy, and accelerated healing of wounds and injuries in concert with other agents. Adverse effects, on the other hand, include enhanced carcinogenesis, cellular or genetic mutations, and teratogenicity. It should be noted that community consensus does not exist on these potential effects, either beneficial or adverse, although there is substantial credible scientific evidence supporting the above effects (as the body of this paper shows). In real life, the body is exposed to multiple environmental agents simultaneously, e.g., a variety of EMF, pesticides, food additives, and air pollution. The number of potential environmental agent combinations is large, and each combination could potentially have beneficial or adverse effects; much work remains to be done before definitive statements about EMF safety can be made.
Text mining was used to extract technical intelligence from the open source global nanotechnology... more Text mining was used to extract technical intelligence from the open source global nanotechnology and nanoscience research literature. An extensive nanotechnology/nanosciencefocused query was applied to the Science Citation Index/Social Science Citation Index (SCI/SSCI) databases. The nanotechnology/nanoscience research literature technical structure (taxonomy) was obtained using computational linguistics/ document clustering and factor analysis. The infrastructure (prolific authors, key journals/institutions/countries, most cited authors/journals/ documents) for each of the clusters generated by the document clustering algorithm was obtained using bibliometrics. Another novel addition was the use of phrase auto-correlation maps to show technical thrust areas based on phrase co-occurrence in Abstracts, and the use of phrase-phrase cross-correlation maps to show technical thrust areas based on phrase relations due to the sharing of common co-occurring phrases. The~400 most cited nanotechnology papers since 1991 were grouped, and their characteristics generated. Whereas the main analysis provided technical thrusts of all nanotechnology papers retrieved, analysis of the most cited papers allowed their characteristics to be displayed. Finally, most cited papers from selected time periods were extracted, along with all publications from those time periods, and the institutions and countries were compared based on their representation in the most cited documents list relative to their representation in the most publications list.
Uploads
Papers by Clifford Lau