Papers by RAZMAN MOHD RUS
Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection & Critical Care, 2010
Background: The prevalence of postconcussion syndrome (PCS) in the first weeks after mild traumat... more Background: The prevalence of postconcussion syndrome (PCS) in the first weeks after mild traumatic brain injury varies from 40% to 80%. However, as many as 50% of patients report symptoms for up to 3 months and 10% to 15% for more than a year. The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics and estimate the prevalence of PCS in an adult Greek population. Methods: This prospective study was performed in the University Hospital of Patras in Western Greece. Patients with mild traumatic brain injury (n ϭ 539) were randomly recruited on admission between May 2006 and May 2008. Overall, 223 patients (223 of 539, 41.5%) met the Colorado Medical Society guidelines for concussion; 141 men (63%) and 82 women (37%) with a median age of 30 years (range, 18.5-57.5 years) were included in the study. Patient follow-up consisted of telephone interviews at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postinjury, when they were asked about experiencing common postconcussion symptoms (International Classification of Diseases-10th revision criteria). Results: The rate of PCS at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postinjury was estimated to be 10.3%, 6%, and 0.9%, respectively. The syndrome was more frequent among women (17%) and individuals with bleeding diathesis (26%) compared with men (6.4%) and patients without clotting disorders (8.5%), respectively. In addition, higher rates of PCS affected patients who sustained assaults compared with other types of accidents. Conclusions: The prevalence of PCS was remarkably higher in previous studies. Cultural differences regarding symptom expectation and the lack of compensation might explain the low rate of chronic symptoms in Greeks.
Reliability and Construct Validity of Practice of Medical Doctors on Smoking Cessation Guidelines
Number of active smokers in Malaysia is increasing despite availability of smoking clinics. other... more Number of active smokers in Malaysia is increasing despite availability of smoking clinics. other than smokers' level of motivation to quit smoking, competency of the healthcare professionals involved in providing smoking cessation intervention using evidence-based guidelines needs to considered. Hence, practices of the healthcare providers in relation to existing guidelines on smoking cessation should be assessed using validates assessment tools
Peer influences and intention to smoke e-cigarette: A cross-sectionaL study among form 4 students of a secondary school in Kuantan,Pahang
Although research in high-income countries highlighted that peer influence served as an important... more Although research in high-income countries highlighted that peer influence served as an important factor in the first-time use of e-cigarette among the secondary school students, there is lacking research on the topic in Malaysia. This study measured the prevalence of future intention to smoke e-cigarette and to explore peer influence to be one of the strongest factors among form 4 students. A cross-sectional study was done in Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Indera Mahkota 2 (SMKIM 2) in April 2016 among 101 students using assisted self-administered questionnaire. Data were presented as frequencies, percentages and Chi-square test. Almost all of the students (96%) had previously heard of e-cigarette, and the prevalence of ever user and never user was 36.1% and 63.9% respectively. About 28.4% reported that more than half of their friends used e-cigarette. The prevalence of intention to smoke e-cigarette in the next 12 months was 8.2% (n=8). Among them, 87.5% were ever user and 75% male s...
Barriers to Physical Activity Among Pregnant Women During Pregnancy
Introduction: Co-morbidities such as obesity, gestational diabetes and pregnancy induced hyperten... more Introduction: Co-morbidities such as obesity, gestational diabetes and pregnancy induced hypertension during pregnancy can be dangerous to the mother and foetus. Regular physical activity during pregnancy not only maintains maternal and foetal wellbeing, but it also maintains physical fitness and brings various health benefits. However, many women reduce their physical activity levels during pregnancy. Objectives: Thus, this study aimed to identify the barriers that could prevent pregnant mothers from doing physical activities. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 168 pregnant women aged 18 to 35 years between gestational age 12 to 35 weeks in a primary health clinic in Kuantan, Pahang. Their socio-demographic characteristics were recorded, and barriers for physical activity assessed through a set of pre-tested questionnaire.Descriptive statisticswere used to describe the sociodemographiccharacteristics and the barriers. Results: The mean (SD) age was 28.0 (3.6) and ma...
Introduction: Transsexuals face discriminations and rejections from the Malaysian society. The nu... more Introduction: Transsexuals face discriminations and rejections from the Malaysian society. The number of studies done on understanding the phenomenology, experiences, and problems faced by transsexuals is still few in Malaysia. This research aims to document their psycho-social and spiritual backgrounds and the relevant experiences, and to explore their perceptions and needs as male-to-female transsexuals in the context of Persatuan Insaf Pahang, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A qualitative research was carried out in July and August 2015 among eight male-to-female transsexual adults in Kuantan, Pahang. Snowball sampling was used. Participants who gave consent were interviewed in two focus groups. Data obtained was transcribed and used as the primary data source. Results: Subjects in this study reported confusions over their gender identity since childhood. They struggled against conflicts regarding their transsexuality in adolescence, and eventually many quit their studies. As ad...
IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2013
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality in Malaysia as wel... more Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality in Malaysia as well as in other countries. It is associated with many risk factors, such as increasing age, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress and autonomic dysfunction and arterial stiffness. The objectives of this study were to measure the prevalence of arterial stiffness and to assess its association with dyslipidemia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a rural community in Malaysia involving 146 subjects. Data were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire which included three sections – sociodemographic characteristics, personal profile, and past medical history. In addition, Seca Body Meter (Seca 220) was used to measure height and weight. Sphygmomanometer (OMRON Automatic Blood Pressure Monitor HEM 907) and SphygmoCor-AtCor MM3 SERIAL/RS-232 were used for blood pressure and augmentation index (AIx) measurement. Data were analysed using the SPSS for...
IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2020
Introduction: Pediculosis capitis among primary school children is always known as the problem of... more Introduction: Pediculosis capitis among primary school children is always known as the problem of the lower socio-economic class and rural communities. It carries significant consequences to the school children and caregivers. Limited studies have been conducted among the urban populations. Thus, this study aims to investigate the prevalence and predictors of Pediculosis capitis among Urban primary school children in Kuantan. Materials and method: An analytical cross-sectional study using cluster random sampling was carried out in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. A selfadministered validated questionnaire was issued to the participants with purpose to collect socio-demographic data related to age, gender and factors that associated with head lice infestations among primary school children from standard one to six. It was then followed by hair and scalp examination by a well-trained examiners to check the infestation status. The results were analyzed using the chi-squared test and logistic...
IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2020
Introduction: Pediculosis capitis has been a worldwide concern among the vulnerable population of... more Introduction: Pediculosis capitis has been a worldwide concern among the vulnerable population of primary school children due to the physical, economical and psychological consequences that it brings to both the children and their caretakers. It is observed that there were only limited studies conducted in Malaysia and no previous study was done in Kuantan despite the health concern that it bears. Since both local and worldwide studies show that Pediculosis capitis is more prevalent among female as compared to male school children, thus, this study aims to investigate the prevalence and predictors of Pediculosis capitis among female primary school children in Kuantan. Materials and method: An analytical crosssectional study using cluster random sampling was carried out in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. A self-administered validated questionnaire was used to collect the data among female primary school children from standard one to six. Hair and scalp examination was performed to ide...
IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2020
Introduction: The purpose of this study is to identify the incidence of clavicle fractures in new... more Introduction: The purpose of this study is to identify the incidence of clavicle fractures in newborn associated with fetal, maternal and process of deliveries in Kuantan General Hospital from June 2012 until January 2014. This study is to determine epidemiological data of clavicle fractures, maternal and baby risk factors associated with clavicle fractures of newborn and its’ outcome. Methods: This is a prospective study. 13 patients were identified to fulfill the inclusion criteria of the study. The data of sociodemographic, associated fetal and maternal risk factors and the outcomes were recorded using proforma. The statistical data analysis was done using SPSS 12.0. Results: Out of 20,257 live births at our centre during the study period, 13 infants were diagnosed to have clavicle fractures, giving an incidence of 0.64 per 1000 live births. There were 5 (38.5%) left, 7 (53.8%) right and one (7.7%) bilateral fracture. All fractures located at the mid shaft of the clavicle and non...
Serum Adiponectin status as a Biomarker of metabolic syndrome among Malaysians
Adiponectin is a collagen-like circulating protein secreted by adipocytes. Several studies have d... more Adiponectin is a collagen-like circulating protein secreted by adipocytes. Several studies have demonstrated that low adiponectin also has strong association with metabolic syndrome components such as it is decreased in obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia and coronary artery disease. The objective of this study was to determine and compare the level of adiponectin between metabolic syndrome and non-metabolic syndrome subjects. A cross-sectional comparative study was carried out among 76 participants of metabolic syndrome and 76 participants of non metabolic syndrome based on IDF criteria. This study was held at three primary care clinics and two villages in Kuantan, Pahang from 1st March to 30th September 2009. The majority of respondents were Malay (88.8%) and female (57.9%) adult with mean age of 51 years old. Most of them are non-smoker (77.6%) and had history of Hypertension (51%) and Diabetes Mellitus (46.4%) with mean waist circumference of 88.5 cm and mean weight of 66.6kg. The study revealed that age, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, HDL-Cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly different in both group (P<0.05). The metabolic syndrome group had a significantly lower adiponectin concentration than non-metabolic syndrome group (mean: 11.64 ug/ml vs 13.21 ug/ml; P<0.05). Hence, this study concluded that serum adiponectin was a significant biomarker for metabolic syndrome.
Breast cancer in women without breast symptoms: A retrospective study in IIUM Breast Centre, Kuantan, Pahang
The effects of maternal body mass index (BMI) on the pregnancy outcome among primigravida who delivered at Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA), Kuantan, Pahang
Objective: To measure the prevalence of maternal and fetus/ newborn complications during antenata... more Objective: To measure the prevalence of maternal and fetus/ newborn complications during antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum periods and the intrapregnancy weight gain for each BMI category. Methods: This is a cohort study between December 2011 and November 2012. The study includes all primigravida who booked before 14 weeks of gestation. Upon delivery women had their antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum events reviewed and then categorized into five BMI groups; underweight (£19.9 kg/m2), normal (20–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2), obese (30– 34.9 kg/m2) and morbidly obese (>35 kg/m2). Women were followed up until discharged and reviewed again at 6 weeks postpartum. All statistical analyses were performed with the use of SPSS for Windows, version 18.0 (SPSS) and P value of <0.05 was taken to be statistical significant. Results: A total of 102 women were enrolled. There were 29 (28.4%) underweight, 36 (35.2%) normal weight, 14 (13.7%) overweight, 19 (18.6%) obese and 3 (2.9%) morbidly obese women. The mean age was 26 years (SD 4.0) and the majorities were Malays (90.2%). The morbidly obese group was found to experience higher percentage of gestational diabetes mellitus (33%), pregnancy induced hypertension (100%), preterm delivery (33%), augmentation (100%) and instrumentation (33%). Risk of caesarean section was highest (64%) in the overweight group. Highest risk of shoulder dystocia (33%) and wound dehiscence (15.8%) were observed in the obese group. The underweight women had higher risk for preterm delivery (17%). The mean intrapregnancy weight gain for each BMI category were:12.2 ± 4.6 kg (underweight), 13.6 ± 4.4 kg (normal), 12.8 ± 5.5 kg (overweight), 12.4 ± 6.2 kg (obese) and 0.8 ± 7.8 kg (morbidly obese). Morbidly obese group had lower intrapregnancy weight gain compared to other groups (P = 0.004). Conclusion: The maternal risk increases as the BMI increases whereas the fetal risk increases with the extreme of BMI (underweight and morbidly obese). Inappropriate weight gain was observed in all groups but was significant in the morbidly obese.
CT colonography: detection of lesions and patients’ preference: correlation with standard colonoscopy
The aim of the study is to measure the prevalence and types of abnormalities on CT Colonogra- phy... more The aim of the study is to measure the prevalence and types of abnormalities on CT Colonogra- phy, and to assess the association between standard colonoscopy and CT Colonography. Another aim of the study is to determine the level of preference between standard colonoscopy and CT Colonography. Materials and Method A total of 24 patients were included in the study. All pa- tients underwent a standard bowel preparation (phospho-soda/Fleet@). Patients underwent CTC within 4 hours after standard colonoscopy. Su�cient amount of air was insu�ated through rectal tube for colonic distension prior to scanning. CTC was performed using a 4detector row helical CT scanner (Somatom Volume Zoom). Image acquisition was done in prone and supine positions. Scanning parameters were as per CTC protocal. The images were transferred to a remote syngo Colon Work ow Assisstant workstation for 2D and 3D data rendering. The endoluminal navi- gations were performed from rectum to caecum, in both retrograde and antegrade directions in order to visualize both sides of haustral folds. CTC �ndings were correlated with conventional colonoscopy �ndings, which were used as standard reference. For assessment of patients preference between CTC and standard colonoscopy, standard questionnaires were given to patients after both CTC and standard colonoscopy procedures. Results: A total of 24 patients were included in this study. Most of the patients were male (66.7%), and majority were Malays (70.8%). Age ranges from 20-70 years, but most of the patients were more than 40 years of age. Per rectal bleeding were the most common indication for colonoscopy (29.2%). Abnormal CTC results were detected in 62.5%. Abnormal results were due to tumour in 29.2%, polyp in 25% and diverticulum in 8.3%. Correlating with standard colonoscopy results, there is no signi�cant association between the two studies (P value = 0.092). For level of preference between CTC and standard colonoscopy and �nal selection between these two procedures, most of the patients were satis�ed with CTC procedure, which was 62.5%. Conclusion: Even though there were variations in the detection rates of CTC in various studies, results may improve further with ongoing technical improvements and increasing experience. As there is increasing demand of endoscopic units for colorectal cancer screening, CTC o�ers an e�ective alternative especially in symptomatic patients and may become an important screening method for colorectal cancer in future. Furthermore, CTC has higher acceptability to patients due to its advantages over standard colonoscopy.
Plasma cholinesterase and paraoxonase activities among organophosphate pesticides exposed estate workers
Bladder scan vs urethral catheterization for measurement of immediate post partum bladder volume
Plasma cholinesterase and paraoxonase-1 activities among organophosphate pesticides exposed estates workers
The Relationship of Peer Assessment and Final Examination in Medicine
The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS, 2008
The purpose of this study was to determine the sawmill workers' knowledge, attitude and pract... more The purpose of this study was to determine the sawmill workers' knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in relation to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 83 workers from 3 factories in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Questionnaires were distributed to obtain the socio-demography, knowledge, attitude and practice level in relation to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). The weak areas identified in the knowledge section were treatment aspects (15.5%), signs and symptoms of NIHL (20.2%) and risk factors (31%). As for attitude; the prevention aspects were the lowest (25.3%), followed by risk taking attitude (26.2%), and causes of hearing loss (42.1%). Overall, the practice was not encouraging at all. It is important to have an education program to raise workers' awareness and to improve their attitude and practices towards noise-induced hearing loss.
Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2014
Objective: To determine the accuracy of bladder volume (BV) measurement and to identify factors t... more Objective: To determine the accuracy of bladder volume (BV) measurement and to identify factors that influenced the ultrasound bladder scanner (UBS) measurement of BV in postpartum women compared with transurethral catheterization. Materials, methods and results: A total of 190 paired measurements were performed on 190 women aged between 16 and 47 years. Majority of the women (36.9%) were in their first parity (range: 1-9). The mean BV was 159.46 mL [standard deviation (SD) ¼ 99.78; range: 17e593 mL] on three-dimensional (3D) UBS and 143.76 mL (SD ¼ 104.89; range: 2-588 mL) on catheterization. The mean difference between the two values was 15.70 mL (SD ¼ 69.31, p < 0.001). The Foley's catheter was clamped for a minimum of 30 minutes and a maximum of 260 minutes. The UBS measurements were highly correlated with the BV obtained by catheterization (r ¼ 0.819; p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between UBS and catheterized volume in a different volume subgroup. There were 35 cases (18.2%) with the difference in measurement of more than 25%. Twenty-five cases were associated with a catheterized volume less than 50 mL. There were a total of 33 cases with true BV of less than 50 mL, and only eight cases (24.24%) had an accurate measurement. The UBS tends to overestimate BV between 2 and 270 mL in this group. There was a significant linear relationship between the difference in measurement and body weight and duration of clamping. Conclusion: Measurement of BV in immediate postpartum period using UBS is comparable with urethral catheterization. The accuracy of measurement is affected by body weight and increasing amount of BV.
Background: Organophosphate (OP) is one of the widely used pesticides worldwide. It has been show... more Background: Organophosphate (OP) is one of the widely used pesticides worldwide. It has been shown to induce oxidative stress in both animal and human. Oxidative stress may stimulate the oxidation of lipoprotein particularly the low density-lipoprotein (LDL) which is ...
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Papers by RAZMAN MOHD RUS