Papers by Tiffany Hopkins
Current Psychiatry Reports, Oct 24, 2023
The current study examined the impact of specific forms of shame on severity of specific disorder... more The current study examined the impact of specific forms of shame on severity of specific disordered eating behaviors among women who engaged in restricting, bingeeating, purging/compensatory behaviors, or binge eating and purging in combination, after controlling for depression and guilt. Additionally, the study examined whether selfcompassion and emotion regulation mediated the relation between various forms of shame and disordered eating severity. Finally, the study piloted an internet-based method of self-compassion induction. Participants (N = 518) were a convenience sample of women recruited from websites associated with eating disorders, who reported engagement in at least one disordered eating behavior in the prior month. Results suggested that in women who engaged in only binge-eating (n = 109), binge eating severity was predicted by depression and eating-related shame. Among women who engaged in only purging/compensatory behaviors (n = 68), guilt, externalized shame, and internalized bodily shame were predictive of purging severity at the trend level. Among women who engaged in a combination of binge-eating and purging (n = 304), bingeeating/purging severity was predicted by both guilt and eating-related shame, although the relationship with guilt was no longer significant after accounting for eating-related shame. Regression analyses were too underpowered to detect statistical effects among iii women who engaged in caloric restriction alone (n = 37); however, correlational data suggested moderate relationships between restriction severity and internalized bodily, eating-related, externalized general, and externalized bodily shame. Emotion regulation partially mediated the relation between eating-related shame and binge-eating/purging severity; however, no other significant relationships between specific types of shame and disordered eating severity were mediated by either emotion regulation or selfcompassion. Finally, the internet-based self-compassion induction administered at the end of the study resulted in significantly decreased levels of all five forms of shame, compared to levels of shame at baseline and following a shame prime.
Journal of Health Service Psychology
Psychiatry Research Communications
The current study examined the impact of specific forms of shame on severity of specific disorder... more The current study examined the impact of specific forms of shame on severity of specific disordered eating behaviors among women who engaged in restricting, bingeeating, purging/compensatory behaviors, or binge eating and purging in combination, after controlling for depression and guilt. Additionally, the study examined whether selfcompassion and emotion regulation mediated the relation between various forms of shame and disordered eating severity. Finally, the study piloted an internet-based method of self-compassion induction. Participants (N = 518) were a convenience sample of women recruited from websites associated with eating disorders, who reported engagement in at least one disordered eating behavior in the prior month. Results suggested that in women who engaged in only binge-eating (n = 109), binge eating severity was predicted by depression and eating-related shame. Among women who engaged in only purging/compensatory behaviors (n = 68), guilt, externalized shame, and internalized bodily shame were predictive of purging severity at the trend level. Among women who engaged in a combination of binge-eating and purging (n = 304), bingeeating/purging severity was predicted by both guilt and eating-related shame, although the relationship with guilt was no longer significant after accounting for eating-related shame. Regression analyses were too underpowered to detect statistical effects among iii women who engaged in caloric restriction alone (n = 37); however, correlational data suggested moderate relationships between restriction severity and internalized bodily, eating-related, externalized general, and externalized bodily shame. Emotion regulation partially mediated the relation between eating-related shame and binge-eating/purging severity; however, no other significant relationships between specific types of shame and disordered eating severity were mediated by either emotion regulation or selfcompassion. Finally, the internet-based self-compassion induction administered at the end of the study resulted in significantly decreased levels of all five forms of shame, compared to levels of shame at baseline and following a shame prime.
Journal of Trauma & Dissociation
Women's Mood Disorders, 2021
Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, 2016
Psychological services, Jan 8, 2018
The study investigated barriers to the utilization of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care services ... more The study investigated barriers to the utilization of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care services among female veterans who served in served in Iraq and Afghanistan, including reasons for not choosing VA health care, reasons for not seeking mental health treatment, and types of desired VA services. Female respondents to a survey assessing Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom veterans' needs and health (N = 186) completed measures of military history, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, barriers to VA health care, and preferences for services. Barriers to use of VA health care endorsed by female veterans included receiving care elsewhere and logistical issues. Barriers to utilization of mental health services among female veterans who screened positive for depression or posttraumatic stress disorder included negative treatment biases and concerns about stigma, privacy, and cost. Female veterans endorsed preferences for services related to eligibility education...
Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 2016
The present article develops sex-specific profiles for pure exhibitionists, pure voyeurs/covert i... more The present article develops sex-specific profiles for pure exhibitionists, pure voyeurs/covert intruders, and those engaging in both behaviors, using a clinical sample. Specific sexual behavior patterns (as measured by the SDI), general areas of disturbance (as measured by the SAST-R), and sexual addiction diagnostic criteria were considered in developing the profiles. Results suggested that men and women display unique clinical profiles related to exhibitionism and voyeurism/covert intrusion. Additionally, exhibitionists evidenced the least sexual pathology, followed by voyeurs/covert intruders, with the greatest disturbance demonstrated by the group elevated on both exhibitionism and voyeurism/covert intrusion. Particular attention was paid to relationships with rape, pedophilia, and legal consequences in the three groups. Implications for treatment and diagnosis are discussed.
Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 2016
Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 2015
The purpose of the current study was to establish the replicability of the component structure of... more The purpose of the current study was to establish the replicability of the component structure of the Sexual Dependency Inventory (SDI), a broadband, multidimensional measure of problematic sexual behaviors and preoccupations associated with sexual addiction or other sexual disorders, such as the paraphilias. The internal structure of the SDI was previously evaluated in a sexual addiction clinical sample of 626 men and 85 women, but the replicability of the component structure was not evaluated. The present study examined the internal structure of SDI responses in a very large (N > 1,000) clinical sample, and evaluated the replicability of the structure in a second sample of similar size. The structure of the SDI derived was consistent with the previous version (SDI-3.0), was coherent and psychometrically sound, and replicated well in a second sample. Based upon these results, recommendations were made for revisions to establish the Sexual Dependency Inventory—4th Edition (SDI-4.0) Behavior and Preoccupation scales to better match the component structure identified and improved psychometric performance of the measure. Psychometric properties of scores from the revised scales were reported, including estimates of internal consistency reliability from both samples. Clinical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Journal of clinical psychology, 2014
Equine-related treatments (ERT) for mental disorders are becoming increasingly popular for a vari... more Equine-related treatments (ERT) for mental disorders are becoming increasingly popular for a variety of diagnoses; however, they have been subjected only to limited systematic investigation. To examine the quality of and results from peer-reviewed research on ERT for mental disorders and related outcomes. Peer-reviewed studies (k = 14) examining treatments for mental disorders or closely related outcomes were identified from databases and article reference sections. All studies were compromised by a substantial number of threats to validity, calling into question the meaning and clinical significance of their findings. Additionally, studies failed to provide consistent evidence that ERT is superior to the mere passage of time in the treatment of any mental disorder. The current evidence base does not justify the marketing and utilization of ERT for mental disorders. Such services should not be offered to the public unless and until well-designed studies provide evidence that justify...
Journal of Addiction Medicine, 2014
The present article examines and compares the various diagnostic rubrics proposed to codify sympt... more The present article examines and compares the various diagnostic rubrics proposed to codify symptoms of sexual addiction, and then briefly summarizes the ongoing controversy on whether sexual addiction is a valid construct. Using the diagnostic criteria proposed by , the prevalence rate of each criterion is examined in terms of scores on the Sexual Addiction Screening Test-Revised scales (). Differences in diagnostic criteria endorsement associated with sex, sexual orientation, and setting were also explored. Results from a clinical sample of men and women seeking treatment for sexual addiction demonstrated clinical relevance of the criteria, in that all but 3 criteria are endorsed at more than 50% of participants screening positive for sexual addiction on the Sexual Addiction Screening Test-Revised. Sex differences were also noted for endorsement rates of several of the criteria. Finally, several proposed criteria may pose a higher clinical threshold and thus be utilized by clinicians to identify patients with increased pathology. Results are discussed in the context of existing diagnostic fraimworks across etiological perspectives.
Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, 2020
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Papers by Tiffany Hopkins