Abstract
This paper presents a short summary of a report on ‘Drought Events in Europe’ (Bradford, 1999) commissioned by the Space Applications Institute (SAI) of the EC Joint Research Centre to identify particular drought-related topics for discussion during the workshop on ‘Drought and Drought Mitigation in Europe’. This report was based on a review of recent literature on drought occurrence and extent, regional aspects of European droughts, and drought mitigation and planning, with an emphasis on hydrological droughts over the past decade. It included a brief description of common drought indices, impacts, events and mitigation measures illustrated by examples of studies on drought-related issues in Europe.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Main Reference
Bradford, R.B. (1999) Drought Events in Europe, Institute of Hydrology, UK, for Space Applications Institute, DG Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra, Italy, 41 p.
Cited References
Arnell, N.W. (1997) The Impact of Climate Change on Hydrological Regimes and Water Resources in Europe, Final Report to EC-DGXII.
Bidwell, V.J. (1973) A Methodology for Analysing Agricultural Drought, in E.F. Schulz, V.A. Koelzer, and Khalid Mahmood (eds.), Floods and Drought, Proceedings of 2nd International Symposium in Hydrology, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Bonacci, O. (1993) Hydrological Definition of Drought, Hydrol. Processes 7: 249–262.
Byun, H.R. and Wilhite, D.A. (1999) Objective Quantification of Drought Severity and Duration, J. Climatology 1: 2747–2756.
Demuth, S., Lehner, B., and Stahl, K. (2000) Assessment of the Vulnerability of a River System to Drought, in J.V. Vogt and F. Somma (eds.), Drought and Drought Mitigation in Europe, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 209–219.
Dracup, S., Lee, K.S., and Paulson, E.G. (1980) On the Definition of Droughts, Wat. Resour. Res. 16 (2): 297–302.
EEA (European Environment Agency) (1996) Water Resources Problems in Southern Europe,European Topic Centre for Inland Waters Topic Rep. 15.
European Commission (1994) Europe 2000+: Co-operation for European Territorial Development, EC Regional Policies, Brussels, Luxembourg.
Gustard, A., Rees, H.G., Croker, K.M., and Dixon, J.M. (1997) Using Regional Hydrology for Assessing European Water Resources, in A. Gustard (ed.), FRIEND’97–Regional Hydrology: Concepts and Models for Sustainable Water Management, Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on FRIEND, Postojna, Slovenia, IAHS 246: 107–115.
JRC (Joint Research Centre) (1998) Towards a Sustainable/Strategic Management of Water Resources: Evaluation of Present Policies and Orientations for the Future, European Commission, DG XVI (Regional Policy and Cohesion).
Karavitis, C.A. (1999) Decision Support Systems for Drought Management Strategies in Metropolitan Areas, Water International 24: 10–21.
Rocha, J.S. and Santos, M.A. (1996) Country Paper of Portugal, in Federal Institute of Hydrology (Bundesanstalt für Gewasserkunde) (ed.), Management and Prevention of Crisis Situations: Floods, Droughts and Institutional Aspects, Proceedings Euraqua, Rome, pp. 151–169.
Rossi, G. (2000) Drought Mitigation Measures: a Comprehensive Framework, in J.V. Vogt and F. Somma (eds.), Drought and Drought Mitigation in Europe, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 233–246.
Tallaksen, L.M. (2000) Streamflow Drought Frequency Analysis, in J.V. Vogt and F. Somma (eds.), Drought and Drought Mitigation in Europe, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 103–117.
Viau, A.A. and Vogt, J.V. (2000) Scale Issues in Drought Monitoring, in J.V. Vogt and F. Somma (eds.), Drought and Drought Mitigation in Europe, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 185–193.
Vogt, J.V., Niemeyer, S., Somma, F., Beaudin, I., and Viau, A.A. (2000) Drought Monitoring from Space, in J.V. Vogt and F. Somma (eds.), Drought and Drought Mitigation in Europe, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 167–183.
Further Reading
Alley, W.M. (1984) The PDSI: Limitations and Assumptions, J. of Clim. and App. Met. 23: 1100–1109.
Batini, G., Benedini, M., Passino, R., and Ubertini, L. (1996) Country Paper of Italy, in Federal Institute of Hydrology (Bundesanstalt für Gewasserkunde) (ed.), Management and Prevention of Crisis Situations: Floods, Droughts and Institutional Aspects, Proceedings Euraqua, Rome, pp. 97–122.
Ben-Zvi, A. (1987) Indices of Hydrological Drought in Israel, J. Hydrol. 92: 179–191.
Beran, M.A. and Rodier, J.A. (eds.) (1985) Hydrological Aspects of Droughts, Studies and Reports in Hydrology 39, UNESCO-WMO.
Bredenkamp, D.B., Botha, L.J., van Tonder, G.J., and van Rensberg, H.J. (1995) Manual on Quantitative Estimation of Groundwater Recharge and Aquifer Storativity, Water Research Commission of South Africa Report TT 73 /95.
Briffa, K.R., Jones, P.D., and Hulme, M. (1994) Summer Moisture Variability Across Europe, 1892–1991: An Analysis Based on the Palmer Drought Severity Index, Int. J. Clim. 14: 475–506.
Bryant, S.J., Arnell, N.W., and Law, F.M. (1994) The Long-Term Context for the Current (UK) Hydrological Drought, J. Inst. Water Environ. Mgmt. 8: 39–51.
Bussay, A. and Szinell, C. (1996) Drought Continues in Hungary in 1995, Drought Network News 8 (1).
Chang, T.J. and Stenson, J.R. (1990) Is it Realistic to Define a 100-Year Drought for Water Management? Wat. Res. Bull. 26 (5): 823–829.
Czamara, W., Jakubowski, W., and Radzuk, L. (1997) Probabilistic Analysis of Extreme Low Flows in Selected Catchments in Poland, in A. Gustard (ed.), FRIEND’97 — Regional Hydrology: Concepts and Models for Sustainable Water Management, Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on FRIEND Postojna, Slovenia, IAHS 246: 159–168.
Demuth, D. and Heinrich, B. (1997) Temporal and Spatial Behaviour of Drought in South Germany, in A. Gustard (ed.), FRIEND’97–Regional Hydrology: Concepts and Models for Sustainable Water Management, Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on FRIEND, Postojna, Slovenia, IAHS 246: 151–157.
EEA and UNEP - European Environment Agency and United Nations Environment Programme (1997): Water Stress in Europe — Can the Challenge be Met? Copenhagen and Chatelaine.
Europe’s Environment (1995) Statistical Compendium for the Dobris Assessment. ( Compiled jointly by Eurostat, European Commission and others ) 450 p.
Farat, R., Kepinska-Kasprzak, M., Kowalczak, P., and Mager, P. (1998) Droughts in Poland, Drought Network News 10 (1).
Gommes, R. and Petrassi, F. (1994) Rainfall Variability and Drought in sub-Saharan Africa since 1960, FAO Agromet, Series WP 9, Rome, Italy.
Gottschalk, L., Jensen, J.L., Lundquist, D., Solantie, R., and Tollan, A. (1979) Hydrological Regions in Nordic Countries, Nordic Hydrol. 10: 273–286.
Institute of Hydrology (in press), Sustainable Water Use in Europe, Part 3: Extreme Hydrological Events — Droughts,European Topic Centre for Inland Waters.
Institute of Hydrology (1980) Low Flow Studies,Research Report 1.
Jones, P.D., Hulme, M., Briffa, K.R., Jones, C.G., Mitchell, J.F.B., and Murphy, J.M. (1996) Summer Moisture Availability over Europe in the Hadley Centre General Circulation Model based on the Palmer Drought Severity Index, Int. J. Climatol. 16: 155–172.
Jones, P.D. and Lister, D.H. (1998) Riverflow Reconstruction for 15 catchments over England and Wales and an Assessment of Hydrologic Drought since 1865, Int. J. Climatol. 18: 999–1013.
Karl, T.R. and Knight, R.W. (1985) Atlas of Monthly PDSI (1931–1983) for the Contiguous US., Hist. Clim. Series 3–7, National Climate Data Center, Asheville, North Carolina, USA.
Kasparek, L. and Novicky, O. (1997) Application of a Physically-Based Model to Identify Factors Causing Hydrological Droughts in Western and Central European Basins, in A. Gustard (ed.), FRIEND’97–Regional Hydrology: Concepts and Models for Sustainable Water Management Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on FRIEND, Postojna, Slovenia, IAHS 246: 197–204.
Koleva, E. (1995) Drought in the Lower Danube Basin, Drought Network News 7 (1).
Krasovskaia, I., Arnell, N.W., and Gottschalk, L. (1994) Flow Regimes in Northern and Western Europe: Development and Application of Procedures for Classifying Flow Regimes, in FRIEND: Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data, Proceedings of the Braunschweig Conference, October 1993, IAHS Publ. No. 221, 1994.
Lambin, E.F. and Ehrlich, D. (1998) Land Cover Changes in sub-Saharan Africa (1982–91): Application of a Change Index Based on Remotely Sensed Surface Temperatures and Vegetation Indices at a Continental Scale, Remote Sens. Environ. 61: 181–200.
Le Houerou, H.N., Popov, G.F., and See, L. (1993) Agro-Bioclimatic Classification of Africa, FAO Agromet, Series WP 6, Rome, Italy.
MacCarthaig, M. (1996) An Assessment of the 1995 Drought, Environmental Protection Agency, Dublin.
Marsh, T. J. and Lees M.L. (1985) The 1984 (UK) Drought, Hydrological Data, UK Series.
Marsh, T.J., Monkhouse, R.A., Arnell, N.W., Lees, M.L., and Reynard, N.S. (1994) The 1988–92 Drought, Hydrological Data, UK Series.
Mawdsley, J.A., Petts, G.E., and Walker, S. (1994) Assessment of Drought Severity, British Hydrological Society Occasional Paper No. 3.
Mayes, J.M. (1994) Recent Changes in the Monthly Distribution of Regional Weather Types in the British Isles, Weather 49 (5): 149–168.
McKee, T.B., Doesken, N.J., and Kleist, J. (1993) The Relationship of Drought Frequency and Duration to Time scales, Proceedings 8th Conference on Applied Climatology, Anaheim, California, pp. 179–184.
McKee, T.B., Doesken, N.J., and Kleist, J. (1995) Drought Monitoring with Multiple Timescales, Proceedings 9th Conference on Applied Climatology, Dallas, Texas, pp. 233–236
Moll, J.R., Parmet, B.W., and Sprong, T.A. (1996) Country Paper of the Netherlands, in Federal Institute of Hydrology (Bundesanstalt für Gewasserkunde) (ed.), Management and Prevention of Crisis Situations: Floods, Droughts and Institutional Aspects, Proceedings Euraqua, Rome, pp. 123–141.
Moore, R.J. (1996) Country Paper of the United Kingdom, in Federal Institute of Hydrology (Bundesanstalt für Gewasserkunde) (ed.), Management and Prevention of Crisis Situations: Floods, Droughts and Institutional Aspects, Proceedings Euraqua, Rome, pp. 197–225.
Niemeyer, S. and Vogt, J.V. (1998) Towards Monitoring Drought Conditions in Sicily Using an Energy Balance Approach, Proceedings Im’. Conf. on Comp. Tech. in Agric. (ICCTA), Florence, Italy.
Ozga-Zielinska, M. (1989) Droughts and Floods–Their Definition and Modelling, in M.L. Kavvas (ed.), New Directions for Surface Water Modelling, IAHS 181: 313–322.
Palmer, W.C. (1965) Meteorological Drought, US Dept. of Commerce Weather Bureau, Washington Res. Paper 45.
Palmer, W.C. (1968) Keeping Track of Crop Moisture Conditions Nationwide: the New Crop Moisture Index, Weatherwise, 21: 156–161.
Quemer, E.P., Tallaksen, L.M., Kasparek, L., and van Lanen, H.A.J. (1997) Impact of Land Use, Climate Change and Groundwater Abstraction on Streamflow Droughts Using Physically Based Models, in A. Gustard (ed.), FRIEND’97–Regional Hydrology: Concepts and Models for Sustainable Water Management, Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on FRIEND, Postojna, Slovenia, IAHS 246: 171–179.
Rossi, G., Benedini, M., Tsakaris, G., and Giakoumakis, S. (1992) On Regional Drought Estimation and Analysis, Water Resources Management 6: 249–277.
Saalthun, N.R. and Tollan, A. (1996) Country Paper of Norway, in Federal Institute of Hydrology (Bundesanstalt fir Gewasserkunde) (ed.), Management and Prevention of Crisis Situations: Floods, Droughts and Institutional Aspects, Proceedings Euraqua, Rome, pp. 143–150.
Sharma, T.C. (1997) A Drought Frequency Formula, Hydrol. Sci. 42 (6): 803–814.
Shiklomanov, I.A. (1997) Comprehensive Assessment of the Freshwater Resources of the World,World Meteorological Organisation.
Shorthouse, C.A. and Arnell, N.W. (1997) Spatial and Temporal Variability in European River Flows and the North Atlantic Oscillation, in A. Gustard (ed.), FRIEND’97–Regional Hydrology: Concepts and Models,for Sustainable Water Management, Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on FRIEND, Postojna, Slovenia, IAHS 246: 77–96.
Smith, D.l., Hutchinson, M.F., and MacArthur, R.J. (1993) Australian Climatic and Agricultural Drought: Payments and Policy, Drought Network News 5 (3).
Szentimrey, T., Farago, T., and Szalai, M. (1992) Window Technique for Climate Trend Analysis, Climate Dynamics 6: 127–134.
Tallaksen, L.M., Madsen, H., and Clausen, B. (1997) On the Definition and Modelling of Streamflow Drought Duration and Deficit Volume, Hydrol. Sci. 42 (1): 15–33.
Tallaksen. L.M. and Hisdal, H. (1997) Regional Analyis of Extreme Streamflow Drought Duration and Deficit Volume, in A. Gustard (ed.), FRIEND’97 - Regional Hydrology: Concepts and Models for Sustainable Water Management, Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on FRIEND, Postojna, Slovenia, IAHS 246: 141–150.
Tase, N. (1976) Area-Deficit-Intensity Characteristics of Droughts, Hydrological Paper 87, Colorado University.
Tate, E.L. and Gustard, A. (2000) Drought Definition: a Hydrological Perspective, in J.V. Vogt and F. Somma (eds.), Drought and Drought Mitigation in Europe, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 23–48.
Turkes, M. (1996) Meteorological Drought in Turkey: A Historical Perspective, 1930–1993, Drought Network News 8 (3).
UK Climate Impacts Programme (1998) Climate Change Scenarios for the United Kingdom, Tech. Rep. I.
Ungani, L.S. and Kogan, F.N. (1998) Drought Monitoring and Corn Yield Estimation in Southern Africa from AVHRR Data, Remote Sens.Environ. 63: 219–232.
Van Lanen, H.A.J., Tallaksen, L.M., Kasparak, L., and Quemer, E.P. (1997) Hydrological Drought Analysis in the Hupsel Basin Using Different Physically-Based Models, in A. Gustard (ed.), FRIEND’97–Regional Hydrology: Concepts and Models for Sustainable Water Management, Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on FRIEND, Postojna, Slovenia, IAHS, 246: 189–196.
Wilby, R.L., O’Hare, G. and Barnsley, N. (1997) The North Atlantic Oscillation and British Isles Climate variability, 1865–1996, Weather 52 (9): 266–276.
Wilhite, D.A.(1993) Drought Assessment Management and Planning: Theory and Case Studies,Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Willeke, G.J., Hosking, J.R., Wallis, J.R., and Guttman, N.B. (1994) The National Drought Atlas. Inst. for Wat. Resources 94-NDS-4, US Army Corps of Engineers.
World Meteorological Organisation (1994) Guide to Hydrological Practices: Data Acquisition and Processing, Analysis, Forecasting and Other Applications, Pub. No. 168.
World Meteorological Organisation (1997) Climate and Water in Europe: Water Quality and Aquatic Ecosystems.
Yevjevich, V. (1967) An Objective Approach to Definitions and Investigations of Continental Hydrologic Droughts, Hydr. Paper 23, Colorado University.
Zelenhazi, E. and Salvai, A. (1987) A Method of Streamflow Drought Analysis, Wat. Resources Res. 23, 1: 156–168.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bradford, R.B. (2000). Drought Events in Europe. In: Vogt, J.V., Somma, F. (eds) Drought and Drought Mitigation in Europe. Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research, vol 14. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9472-1_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9472-1_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-5568-2
Online ISBN: 978-94-015-9472-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive