Emmy Noether

Emmy Noether
from Agnes Smith College, anonymous artist, circa 1900 to 1910
Born	Amalie Emmy Noether (1882-03-23)23 March 1882 Erlangen, German Empire
Died	14 April 1935(1935-04-14) (aged 53) Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, United States
Nationality	German
Scientific career
Fields	Mathematics and physics
Institutions	University of Göttingen
Thesis	On Complete Systems of Invariants for Ternary Biquadratic Forms (1907)

Amalie Emmy Noether (23 March 1882 – 14 April 1935) was a mathematician from Germany who studied abstract algebra. She studied mathematics at the University of Erlangen, and then joined the faculty at the University of Göttingen.

Her main area of research changed over time. From 1908 to 1919, she studied algebraic invariants and number fields. Her work on Noether's theorem has been called "one of the most important mathematical theorems ever proved in guiding the development of modern physics". From 1920 to 1926, she developed the theory of ideals in commutative rings. From 1927–35, she published works on noncommutative algebras and hypercomplex numbers. In addition to her own publications, Noether was generous with her ideas and is credited with several lines of research published by other mathematicians, even in fields far removed from her main work, such as algebraic topology.

Further reading

• James, Ioan (2002). Remarkable Mathematicians from Euler to von Neumann. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81777-6.
• Teicher, M., ed. (1999). The Heritage of Emmy Noether. Israel Mathematical Conference Proceedings. Bar-Ilan University, American Mathematical Society, Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-851045-1.
• Byers, Nina (2006), "Emmy Noether", in Byers, Nina; Williams, Gary (eds.), Out of the Shadows: Contributions of 20th Century Women to Physics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-82197-1

Related pages

• Timeline of women in mathematics
• Emmy Noether at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
• "Emmy Noether", Biographies of Women Mathematicians, Agnes Scott College.
• O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Emmy Noether", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews.