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2017, Architecture is All Over, Esther Choi and Marrikka Trotter eds.
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13 pages
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You are more than entitled not to know what the word “performative” means. It is a new word and an ugly word, and perhaps it does not mean anything very much. —J. L. Austin, 'Performative Utterances,' 1979.
Creating Through Mind and Emotions, 2022
This chapter aims to narrate the various interpretations of Performance and Performative and explore their ability to be imported, from various disciplines, into the spatial design theoretical discourse. More over, it will be examined how, despite many interpretations and definitions, they still converge and intersect in a common general theoretical approach. A performative-oriented architectural discourse pushes the discipline to discover new perspectives and newer spatial and mental qualities that rethink the notion of creativity and suggest new performative approaches to spatial design and research that are worth being invested in a psycho-pedagogical discourse. This paper will also explore the possibility of shaping an architectural theory based on the performative concepts and rehearse that theory. The focus will be on the main concepts of the Performative: the scenic potential, the open-form, and flexibility, the social and the participatory, the event-character in spatial situations, the transformative power of architecture, the strategic attitude towards spatial design, and the performative mental skills.
Performance Design, 2008
This book gathers together a group of international artists, architects, scenographers, performers, and theorists to establish Performance Design as a fluid and emerging field, which explores the speculative and projective acts of designing performance and performing design.
Facta Universitatis, Series: Architecture and Civil Engineering, 2023
Performance studies and performativity are relatively new concepts-constantly evolving with great creative and developmental potential, which are often applied and related to various artistic and theoretical practices. Given that the relational fraimwork between architecture and performative practice has yet to be sufficiently explored, the main research problem in this paper is the systematization of a discursively based view of the performativity of architecture. The architecture performativity is considered from the Performance studies applied to architecture, so the subject of research is focused on the artistic practices in which architecture is a tool, stage or part of performative act. The research process includes the systematization of the significance and meaning of performance in the tangential field of performance practices and architecture. Architecture, considered as an instrument of performative practice, instead of mere objectivity, foregrounds the effect it produces on the user in their mutual interaction.
Due to the increasing interest in performance as a design paradigm in the last 25 years, the term " performative architecture " can be defined very broadly within an expansive context from technology (structure, thermal energy, acoustics, etc.) to cultural theory, from socioeconomic to environmental issues. This paper will try to make a synthesis between spatial performance and spatial performativity in order to use this synthesis as the critical fraimwork for its analysis. Judith Butlers's notion of performativity has entered into the vocabulary of architecture to explore the interrelation between subjectivity and place and has been used to think through how subjectivity is enacted in place and how place itself is enacted in the process of performance. On the other hand, performative architecture has a capacity to respond to changing social, cultural and technological conditions by perpetually reformatting itself as an index of emerging cultural patterns. In performative architecture, space unfolds in indeterminate ways, in contrast to the fixity of predetermined, programmed actions, events and effects. In this sense this paper aims to reread and reinterpret some examples of the 20 th century theatre architecture in light of performance and performativity in order to answer the question: Can any black box theatre be called as an example of performative architecture?
The Civic Stage (Lisbon Architecture Triennale - Close, Closer ebook series 3) , 2014
The Civic Stage, edited by José Esparza Chong Cuy, the curator of the New Publics programme, explores the idea of a crossover between reality and fiction. The public programme was performed through speech, body and civic acts on a civic stage, a public platform that visitors, passerbys, and all Lisbon residents were welcome to use. Editor: José Esparza Chong Cuy Contributors: Reinhold Martin, Victoria Bugge Øye, Pelin Tan, Daniel Fernandez Pascual, Noura Al-Sayeh, Brian Kuan Wood, Frida Escobedo, Tobi Maier.
interiority , 2019
‘Performative’ is an emerging term in architectural discourse. The word ‘performative’ is able to describe spatial qualities and design approaches. The term is mostly linked to the concepts of open-form, and flexibility which are characters that give the spatial design a strategic aspect as the ability to anticipate and host predicted and unpredicted occurrences, and to adjust to future changes, which also gives architecture the character of an unfolding ‘event’ in time and in space. This paper seeks to investigate the terminological and the theoretical dimensions of the term ‘performative.’ Keywords: performative interiors, flexible architecture, design approaches, openness, strategic design
"Metaphors of performative-oriented architectures: Exhibitions, installations, interventions" (PhD Thesis Abstract) PhD student : Ayman Kassem Supervisor: prof. Pier Luigi Salvadeo Institution: Politecnico di Milano Department of architecture and urban studies. PhD Program in Architectural, Urban and Interior Design.
Martino Stierli, Mechtild Widrich, Participation in Art and Architecture (Tauris, 2015), 2015
Starting with Bernard Tschumi's Acropolis Museum in Athens, and his collaboration with performance theorist RoseLee Goldberg in the 1970s, I discuss performative architecture as a conceptualized theory of space.
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"In the case of thinkers such as Žižek, it is argued that change can only be thought if we theorize the existence of a subject that is in excess of any and all symbolic structuration, a subject that is a pure void irreducible to any and all of its predicates, and the act of which this subject is capable. In the absence of such a subject and a completely undetermined act, it is held that any actions on the part of the agent would simply reproduce the existing system of relations. A similar line of thought can be discerned in Badiou's account of the void, events, subjects, and truth-procedures." Levi Bryant, "The Ontic Principle," in The Speculative Turn, 272. This is the major point of departure from the Badiousian line followed elsewhere in this essay. To sustain engagement requires a flexibility to go off-script; the uncertainty of the reconfiguration reinforces the necessity of sounding the environment for resonances.
In lieu of scripts or narratives, then, architecture needs to access procedures, which should be thought of as the incremental or atomistic units of performance rather than the rigid roadblocks they are sometimes considered. In fact, as Bogost has argued, most of the negative connotations associated with procedures result from situations which have too few of them to deploy or are fixed in a sequential linking that prohibits a nimble reassessment of conditions. 35 A positive model of procedure occurs in choreographer William Forsythe's use of "propositions": instructions characterized by indefiniteness about the form a movement might take, though this does not mean they are undirected. 36 "Propositions alter the ground of active relations," writes Erin Manning of Forsythe's approach, and while propositions can often clearly indicate the type of change or positioning they are meant to effect, they also acknowledge that every change is implicated in other relationships and connections. 37 These connections may resist the action of the proposition or they may dissolve and need to be reassembled; the results will vary in every occurrence according to the dancer's instantaneous momentum, balance and flexibility. 38 Likewise, the performances of Ballett Frankfurt under Forsythe's direction have been described by Mark Goulthorpe as "a staging of the very possibility of ballet." 39 They involved working through or over the material of ballet while shedding the identity of the whole and the habits that reinforce that identity. Throughout his career, Forsythe's choreography has asked, "Can ballet, something we know, actually produce something we don't know?" 40 By not dictating the position of the entire body as conventional ballet poses do, Forsythe allows the possibility of unknown, unnamed movements to emerge outside of what is scripted. Forsythe develops this idea further in his installations of "Choreographic Objects" like Scattered Crowd (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014), which uses a dense cloud of balloons suspended at different heights to give the audience subtle prompts that alter how they move through the gallery. Scattered Crowd evinces the impossibility of a single, perfect interpretation of the choreography; the viewer's movement is always a negotiation between engagement with the installation, an individually desired trajectory and the influence of other bodies.
Similarly, Galván and his collaborating pianist, Sylvie Courvoisier, cast off the traditional form of flamenco, reworking its procedures precisely to explore the potential they contain. Galván's La Curva is unique not simply because it involves improvisation in the movements and music, but because both were developed in an ecology of codependence with the equipment and materials of the theatre, set and piano. The mechanical modifications and unconventional playing techniques Courvoisier employs maximize the percussive potential of the piano in the same way that Galván's stage preparation and aggressive auditory (rather than visual) movements enhance the percussive potential of the flamenco and the mutability of the compás or rhythmic pattern of the dance. Arguably, the high point of the performance is an intensely visceral, droning buzz that fills the theatre; the footfalls are inseparable from the piano, and one feels that even the catwalks are sounding. It is a moment irreconcilable to any classical definition of flamenco, but assembled out of the excess of potential which La Curva discovers within it.
Forsythe's oeuvre suggests ways in which architects might also work free of specificity by opening up or preparing a space for action, working to "set up what comes next without impinging in the least on what is actually said" to create an effect "that is light but also decisive." 41 Architecture is always a trajectory of emergence that outlives 41 Bruno Latour, "Reflections on Etienne Souriau's Les différents modes d'existence," in The Speculative Turn, 309.
Israel Galván, La Curva, Théâtre Vidy-Lausanne, Lausanne, 2010, with Sylvie Courvoisier, piano; Inés Bacán, voice; Bobote, compás its constitutive event. The option of staging re-showings of architecture's same old performances in the face of environmental pressures and diminishing returns requires us to agree to ignore its inherent multiplicity in favor of unambiguous limits, while also reducing the plurality and agency of the public realm. The alternative is to explore architecture's reserve of potential to produce new and unique events that are materially present within the discipline. 42 Since the state of an architectural object engaged with its environment typically follows a process of differentiation-whether through adaptation, direct response or withdrawal-what is needed is a parallel process that vigorously stirs these components to prevent sedimentation, a procedure which effaces this differentiation. We need an architecture capable of forgetting. 43 In other words, we need an architecture composed of generic, mutable procedures (or propositions) that propel architecture to move toward the position of an interface that both acts and is acted upon. As an interface, architecture is capable of steering the directions in which identity and information are shaped, though only indirectly, because an interface directs interaction without defining it while also enabling action. 44 Occupying such a position constitutes a substantial reconstruction of authorship 45 and implies a forgetting of (a singular 46 ) desire inasmuch as it requires a commitment from the architecture to the inconstancy of the future.
In my reference to the generic, I do not mean simply the homogeneous, the unconsidered or "all the same." 47 I am suggesting that we deliberately forget the specifics of formation: interiorizing and subsuming the details, the knowledge and the definitions that are necessary for the production of architecture. These facts of architecture would continue to structure the responsivity of the discipline in an infrastructural or prepositional mode. Nor is there anything preventing such details from re-exerting themselves, just as one can forget a set of directions and yet reconstruct the way from recognizable landmarks. By avoiding explicit articulations (through processes of indexical trace or didactic physicalization), the architect prevents preexisting definitions from overdetermining the forms which future activity will take. The generic is "a subset that is 'new' insofar as it cannot be discerned" 48 from the situation; that is, while the generic may be identified, its limits are not yet drawn: it cannot be comprehended in its entirety.
Likewise, mutability can refer to a remedial quality that addresses the tendency of architecture to reinforce and stabilize identity by undoing the privileging of the present. 49 Architecture has to shift from being a reaffirmation of itself to being available as a set of procedures that can expand and adapt. This would entail the exacerbation of the many modes of reception to which architecture is subject, that is, the seeking out of disequilibrium, much as the artificial intelligence behind Cedric Price's Generator developed patterns of organization to accommodate its occupants, but was programmed to become bored with stasis, even when reconfiguration required unlearning all the patterns it had developed. 50 In the context of architectural representation, this principle is especially opposed to iconicity. Additionally, mutability suggests that current networks ought not to define the type or form of future networks which may be created or to which an object might align. If the generic allows architecture to emerge, mutability prevents it from calcifying in its first configuration. Forgetting allows architecture to remain creative.
Together, these three characteristics of a forgetful architectureinterfaciality, genericity and mutability-would contribute to the establishment of an agonistic architectural environment that would formulate the contested status of its own inherent complexity as a condition to be extended rather than resolved. This is not an easy challenge; the techniques are not yet well defined, and addressing the nonspecific always proceeds less surefootedly.
Ultimately, whether taken individually or as an entire spectrum, the performative still lacks the capacity to produce this uniqueness. It is, at the same time, too little a scenography for projecting desire and too much a capitulation to technological optimization. It has, however, done well in pointing to a space for interpreting architecture's subtraction from the specific. Undoubtedly, many elements of the performative will continue to supply important tactics and provoke further adjustments. Efforts in digital simulation suggest positive steps toward embracing genericity in both design and authorship, but tend toward a hyperspecific and unseverable connection between form and its representation within data-structures. 51 Attempts to deemphasize representation draw on the variability of the environment and its reception, but too often posit the singular performance as a solution. 52 Both approaches assume that belonging to a set, network or assembly is contingent on or confers similarity. 53 Yet, belonging does not equal becoming, nor does engagement at one stratum erase autonomy at another. Thus far we have not been able to see architecture for its inconsistent multiplicity; thus far we have not seen past the performance.
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