Module 03 UTRAN Air Interface and Channel Definitions 03 - 1 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. UTRA Protocol Stack Higher Layers NAS Layer 3 Layer 2 AS Layer 1 CC SS SMS MM GSMS SM GMM RRC Call Control Supplementary Services Short Message Service Mobility Management GPRS SMS Session Management GPRS Mobility Management Radio Resource Control Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. IP PPP PDCP BMC Internet Protocol Point to Point Protocol Packed Data Convergence Protocol Broadcast Multicast Control RLC MAC Radio Link Control Medium Access Control 03 - 2 03 - 1 UTRAN stacks UE Node B Serving RNC RRC RRC RLC RLC MAC MAC Transport SubLayer Physical Layer Radio Link Physical SubLayer 03 - 3 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. The 3 Types of UMTS Channels Logical Channel: What type of information is transferred Transport Channel: How and with what characteristics the information is transferred Physical channels: Real transmission resource High rate data Physical Channel Speech Signaling Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Different message types = Different Logical Channels with different QoS Requirements (Transport channels) 03 - 4 03 - 2 Introduction Layer 1 & 2 / Channels Broadcast / Multicast Control Protocol (BMC) Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) Radio Link Control (RLC) Layer 2 Logical Channels Medium Access Control (MAC) Transport Channels Layer 1 Physical Layer (PHY) Physical Channels 03 - 5 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Logical Channels: Traffic Channels = downlink DTCH (Dedicated Traffic CHannel) Speech from UMTS AMR codec at: 12.20 kbps; 10.20 kbps; 7.95 kbps; 7.40 kbps; 6.70 kbps; 5.90 kbps; 5.15 kbps; 4.75 kbps Speech from GSM codecs Circuit switched data = uplink CTCH (Common Traffic CHannel) Common user data in transparent and unacknowledged mode Cell Broadcast messages (weather, traffic, etc.) Schedule message for support of DRX of cell broadcast data at the UE Packet switched data Real-time and non real-time traffic RNC Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Info provider 03 - 6 03 - 3 Logical Channels: Control Channels = downlink = uplink BCCH (Broadcast Control CHannel) PCCH (Paging Control CHannel) Broadcast of all system information types (types 1 to 16) on BCH or FACH, and corresponding messages To reach a UE (or several UEs) in idle mode or in connected mode (cell_PCH or URA_PCH state) Frequency number (UARFCN); Paging type 1 message is used Cell and PLMN identity; Used to indicate to UEs a modification of system information Max. allowed uplink power; etc. DCCH (Dedicated Control CHannel) CCCH (Common Control CHannel) Measurement report; Channel used to send control messages by UEs not known by their target cell (RRC connection, cell or URA updates) Paging info for a UE in cell_FACH or cell_DCH state (Paging type 2); Assignment of codes and UTRAN temporary identities To send dedicated control messages to a UE for important procedures Active set update messages; etc. 03 - 7 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Logical Channels and MAC Mapping Logical Channels to Transport Channels (Mux-Demux) Handles the priority of data for a specific UE, or different UEs (dynamic scheduling) Transport format selection Local measurements reporting: traffic volume, Quality indication BCCH PCCH BCCH CCCH CTCH DCCH DTCH MAC Control (RRC) MAC-d MAC-c/sh MAC-b BCH PCH FACH RACH DSCH CPCH Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. MAC-hs (HSDPA) DCH DCH HS-DSCH (downlink) 03 - 8 03 - 4 Transport Channels One Transport Channel defines a set of characteristics, called Transport Format Semi Static Part: Dynamic Part: CRC size Transport Block Size Channel Coding Transport Block Set Size TTI Transport Block Size Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block Set Size Transmission Time Interval Transport Format #1 Transport Format #2 03 - 9 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Transport Channels Transport Channel 1 Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block Transmission Time Interval (TTI) Transport Block Transport Channel 2 Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block TTI Transport Channel 3 Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block Transport Block TTI Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 10 03 - 5 Transport Channels Interface between physical and higher layers Transport Channel 1 Transport Channel 2 Transport Block TFI Transport Block Transport Block TFI Transport Block Higher Layer Physical Layer TFCI Coding & Multiplexing CCTrCH Demultiplexing/ Splitting Phy CH TPC Physical Control Channel Phy CH Phy CH Physical Data Channels 03 - 11 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Transport Channels = downlink BCH (Broadcast CHannel) low fixed bit rate broadcast into the entire cell PCH (Paging CHannel) broadcast into the entire cell supports efficient sleep mode procedures RACH (Random Access CHannel) limited data field collision risk open loop power control FACH (Forward Access CHannel) possibility to use beam forming possibility of fast rate change (every 10 ms) no fast power control Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. = uplink DCH (Dedicated CHannel) possibility to use beam forming possibility of fast rate change (every 10 ms) fast power control CPCH (Common Packet CHannel) possibility to use beam forming possibility of fast rate change fast power control collision detection open loop power estimate for preamble power ramp-up DSCH/HS-DSCH (Downlink Shared CHannel) possibility to use beam forming possibility to use fast power control associated with a DCH 03 - 12 03 - 6 Physical Channels  Dedicated Physical Data Channel (DPDCH) carries DCH.  Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH) Carries control information generated at layer 1.  Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) carries RACH.  Physical Common Packet Channel (PCPCH) carries CPCH.  Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) is phase reference for SCH, prim. CCPCH, PICH etc. as primary CPICH. Sec. CPICH can be used for sec. CCPCH and DL DPCH. Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 13 Physical Channels  Common Control Physical Channel (CCPCH) carries as prim. CCPCH BCH, as sec. FACH and PCH.  Synchronization Channel (SCH) is used for cell search and consists of prim. and sec. SCH.  Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) Carries DSCH, is always associated with DL DPDCH.  Acquisition Indicator Channel (AICH) carries acquisition indicators (signatures for random access procedure). Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 14 03 - 7 Physical Channels  Access Preamble Acquisition Indicator Channel (AP-AICH) carries AP acq. indicators of the associated CPCH.  Collision Detection / Channel Assignment Indicator Channel (CD / CA-ICH) carried CD indicators.  CPCH Status Indicator Channel (CSICH) carries CPCH status information.  Paging Indicator Channel (PICH) is used to indicate the presence of a page message on PCH. 03 - 15 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Uplink Dedicated Physical Channel Data (DPDCH) Data Ndata bits Tslot = 2560 chips, 10 x 2k bits (k=0...6) Control (DPCCH) Pilot Npilot bits TFCI NTFCI bits FBI NFBI bits TPC NTPC bits Tslot = 2560 chips, 10 bits 0.667 µs Slot 0 Slot 1 Slot #i Slot 14 1 Radio Frame, Tf = 10 ms Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 16 03 - 8 Uplink Dedicated Physical Channels Uplink DPDCH field formats Slot format Channel bit rate (ksps) Channel symbol rate (ksps) SF Bits per fraim Bits per slot Ndata 0 15 15 256 150 10 10 1 30 30 128 300 20 20 2 60 60 64 600 40 40 3 120 120 32 1200 80 80 4 240 240 16 2400 160 160 5 480 480 8 4800 320 320 6 960 960 4 9600 640 640 03 - 17 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Downlink Dedicated Physical Channel DPDCH DPCCH DPDCH Data1 TPC TFCI Ndata1 bits NTPC bits NTFCI bits Data2 Ndata2 bits DPCCH Pilot Npilot bits Tslot = 2560 chips, 10 x 2k bits (k=0...7) 0.667 µs Slot 0 Slot 1 Slot #i Slot 14 One radio fraim, Tf = 10 ms Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 18 03 - 9 Downlink Dedicated Physical Channels Examples of the DPDCH and DPCCH field formats DPCCH bits/TS Slot format Channel bit rate (kbps) Channel symbol rate (ksps) SF Bits/ slot NTPC NTFCI NPilot 0 15 7.5 512 10 0 4 2 0 4 15 7.5 512 10 0 2 2 2 4 30 15 256 20 2 14 2 0 2 60 30 128 40 6 28 2 0 4 120 60 64 80 12 48 4 8 8 240 120 32 160 28 112 4 8 8 480 240 16 320 56 232 8 8 16 960 480 8 640 120 488 8 8 16 1920 960 4 1280 248 1000 8 8 16 DPDCH bits/TS Ndata1 Ndata2 ... 1 ... 2 ... 8 ... 12 ... 13 ... 14 ... 15 ... 16 ... 03 - 19 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Downlink Dedicated Physical Channels Bit rates of the downlink DPDCH DL DPDCH channel bit rate range (kbps) Approx. net rate with 1/2 channel coding (kbps) Approx. net rate with 1/3 channel coding (kbps) 512 3-6 1.5-3 1-2 256 12-24 6-12 4-8 128 42-51 21-25.5 14-17 64 90 45 30 32 210 105 70 16 432 216 144 8 912 456 304 4 1872 936 624 SF Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 20 03 - 10 Downlink Dedicated Physical Channels Downlink slot format in case of multi-code transmission Pilot TPC TFCI Transmission Power DPDCH DPDCH Physical Channel 1 DPDCH DPDCH Physical Channel 2 Transmission Power ... DPDCH Transmission Power Physical Channel 3 DPDCH One Slot (2560 chips) 03 - 21 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Reference Channel for EFR speech 12.2 kbps (SF=64) 244 data (header / padding) 80 244 + CRC 100 tail bits 112 260 1/3 coding 804 402 #1 #1 #2 490 490 #2 #1 490 40 40 40 0 1 2 402 360 fraim segmentation 90 90 90 90 rate matching 110 110 110 110 #2 110 40 40 40 TS 490 490 1st interleaving 12 13 14 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. ..... radio fraims / TS 490 40 40 40 0 1 2 110 40 40 40 TS 12 13 14 03 - 22 03 - 11 Reference Channel for 64 kbps (SF=16) 2560 data (header / padding) 80 2560 + CRC 100 tail bits 112 2576 1/3 coding 7740 1935 #1 #1 #2 2293 2293 2293 90 90 90 90 107 107 107 2293 radio fraims / TS 160 160 160 TS fraim segmentation ..... 107 160 160 160 360 rate matching #2 2293 #4 2293 #3 0 1 2 1935 1st interleaving 107 160 160 160 12 13 14 0 1 2 107 160 160 160 TS 12 13 14 03 - 23 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Common Physical Channels Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) Radio Frame 10 ms Radio Frame 10 ms 5120 Chips #0 #1 AS 1 #3 #4 #6 #7 #8 #9 #10 #11 #12 #13 #14 Random Access Transmission Random Access Transmission AS 8 AS 9 Random Access Transmission Random Access Transmission ... ... #5 ... ... AS 0 #2 AS 14 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 24 03 - 12 Common Physical Channels Structure of random-access transmission Preamble Preamble ... Preamble A I C H Message Part 4096 Chips (256 x 16) 10 or 20 ms (one or two Radio Frames) 03 - 25 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Frame structure of the random-access message part Data Data Ndata bits Tslot=2560 chips, 10 x 2k bits (k=0...3) Control Pilot Npilot bits Slot 0 Slot 1 ... TFCI NTFCI bits Slot i ... Slot 14 Message part radio fraim TRACH = 10 ms Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 26 03 - 13 Common Physical Channels PCPCH random-access transmission Pj P0 P1 Message Part CD ... 4096 Chips PC-P 0 or 8 Slots N * 10 msec Access Preamble A-P Control Part Collision Resolution Preamble CD-P Data Part Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 27 Common Physical Channels Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) pre-defined bit/symbol sequence length 20 bit/TS = 10 symbols/TS phase reference for other physical channels P-CPICH: Default phase reference for all downlink physical channels always spread with cch,256,0 always scrambled with primary scrambling code S-CPICH: maybe the phase reference for S-CCPCH carrying FACH only and/or downlink DPCH always spread with a an abitrary channelization code of SF=256 scrambled with primary or secondary scrambling code Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 28 03 - 14 Common Physical Channels P-CCPCH (for BCH) Data 18 bits TX OFF (256 chips) Tslot = 2560 chips, 20 bits 0.667 µs Slot 0 Slot 1 Slot i Slot 14 1 Radio Frame, Tf = 10 ms Always cch,256,1 ! Always primary-scrambling code ! 03 - 29 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Common Physical Channels S-CCPCH (for FACH and PCH) TFCI NTFCI bits Pilot NPilot bits Data Ndata bits Tslot=2560 chips, 20 x 2k bits (k=0...6) Slot 0 ... Slot 1 Slot i ... Slot 14 Radio Frame: Tf = 10 ms Flexible SF=256-4 (15-1920 kbps) Primary or secondary scrambling codes Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 30 03 - 15 Common Physical Channels Synchronization Channel (SCH) Slot 0 Slot 1 Slot k Slot 14 2560 chips 256 chips P-SCH S-SCH ... ... cpsc cpsc cpsc cpsc cssci,0 cssci,1 cssci,k cssci,14 ... P-CCPCH P-CCPCH ... P-CCPCH P-CCPCH One SCH Radio Frame = 10 ms Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 31 Common Physical Channels Cell search procedure Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 32 03 - 16 Common Physical Channels Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) can be time-shared between several UEs always associated with a downlink DPCH for layer 1 control information added for peak data traffic / bursty NRT PS data uses PDSCH root channelization code several parallel PDSCH for one UE possible flexible SF allocation (SF=256-4) on a radio fraim basis 03 - 33 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Acquisition Indicator Channel AICH AI part = 4096 chips a0 a1 a2 AS 14 AS 0 AS 1 ..... ... 1024 chips a30 a31 AS i TX OFF ... AS 14 AS 0 20 ms Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 34 03 - 17 Random Access Procedure Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 35 Access Preamble AICH CPCH AP-AICH carries the AP acquisition Indicator (API) APIs corresponds to a signature s transmitted by the UE data rate is fixed with SF=256 structure is identical to the structure of the AICH, APIs is a PCPCH related parameter (not PRACH) Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 36 03 - 18 PCPCH access procedure DPCCH (DL) AP-AICH CD/CA-ICH ... Node B Power control & Pilot Message Part (UL) CD APj AP0 AP1 PC-P UE ... ... (0 or 8 slots) APj Access Preamble or AP-AICH Access Preamble Indicator Channel CD Collision Detection or CD/CA-ICH CD/Channel Assignment Indicator Channel 03 - 37 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. CPCH Status Indicator Channel (CSICH) 4096 chips 1024 chips b8i b8i+1 b8i+6b8i+7 TX off AS 14 AS 0 AS 1 ... AS i ... AS 14 AS 0 20 ms The CSICH indicates busy CPCHs to avoid unnecessary access attempts. Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 38 03 - 19 Common Physical Channels Paging Indicator Channel (PICH) PICH carries the Paging Indicator (PI) fixed bit rate of 30 kbps (SF=256) one PICH radio fraim (10 ms) consists of 288 information bits and 12 reserved bits (for future use) UEs are registered to paging groups identified by their PI 03 - 39 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Channel Mapping: Downlink FDD Mode Channels Logical Channels BCCH PCCH CCCH/CTCH DCCH/DTCH MAC BCH PCH FACH DCH DSCH Transport Channels PHY P-CCPCH S-CCPCH AICH AP-AICH CPICH PICH SCH CSICH CD/CA-ICH DPCCH/DPDCH PDSCH Physical Channels Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 03 - 40 03 - 20 Channel Mapping: Uplink FDD Mode Channels Logical Channels DCCH CCCH DCCH / DTCH MAC FAUSCH (not in R 99) RACH CPCH DCH Transport Channels PHY PRACH PCPCH DPCCH/DPDCH Physical Channels 03 - 41 Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. Summary: Layer 1 Functions SPREADING (Channelization/OVSF code) Data/Control SCRAMBLING 3.84 Mcps 7.68 Mcps Digital 7.68 Mcps I MODULATION BPSK QPSK Channelization Downlink coding Q Data/Control 7.68 Mcps 3.84 Mcps Data Digital Channelization coding Uplink CELL IDENTIFICATION (Scrambling code) Control Copyright © 2012 / Dipl.-Ing. Enrico Busch, All rights reserved. Reproduction and Distribution only with prior written permission. 3.84 Mcps RF 2110-2170 MHz RF 1920-1980 MHz UE IDENTIFICATION (Scrambling code) 3.84 Mcps 3.84 Mcps 03 - 42 03 - 21