Where available, the tests included expanded screening for more than 290 pesticides and checks for other hazardous materials, such as vitamin E acetate or synthetic cannabinoids.

A Runtz vape sold at an unlicensed outlet in East Los Angeles was found to have been cut with vitamin E acetate, the test results showed.

The team used electrocatalysis, a type of chemical reaction initiated by electron transfers to and from reactants on surfaces of catalysts, to convert carbon dioxide into biocompatible intermediates, such as acetate and ethanol.

Ethyl acetate and methylene chloride are two common solvents used to extract caffeine from green coffee beans.

Jiao's tandem CO2 electrolysis produces acetate and ethylene.