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Follow the serpentine as a comprehensive diagnostic for extraterrestrial habitability

Nature Astronomy volume 8, pages 1230–1236 (2024)Cite this article

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Abstract

One of the main goals of most ongoing and future space exploration missions is to search for habitable conditions and potential signs of extraterrestrial life on Solar System bodies. Space Agencies have usually implemented this by ‘following’ a specific diagnostic that has an important role in life, with ‘following the water’ being the most famous — but by no means the only — indication. However, the use of only one life-essential element has limitations. Here we propose to follow the serpentine as a way to integrate multiple aspects of habitable conditions as we know them, given that the presence of serpentine implies a water supply, organic molecules, bioavailable essential elements, energy sources, greenhouse gases and preservable environments. Serpentine minerals are associated with the complex process called serpentinization, a subtype of water–rock interactions. Serpentinization and its products are therefore likely to provide insights into where to find potential life-inhabited niches on celestial bodies such as Mars and icy moons.

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Fig. 1: Reactions in serpentinization-associated processes related to habitability.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers T2225011, 42388101 and 42202339), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (grant number 2023M733478) and the Key Research Programs of the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant numbers IGGCAS-201904 and IGGCAS-202102).

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  1. Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Jianxun Shen, Yongxin Pan & Wei Lin

  2. State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Chuanzhou Liu

  3. Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China

    Chuanzhou Liu

  4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Chuanzhou Liu, Yongxin Pan & Wei Lin

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Shen, J., Liu, C., Pan, Y. et al. Follow the serpentine as a comprehensive diagnostic for extraterrestrial habitability. Nat Astron 8, 1230–1236 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-024-02373-x

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