Ischyrodon

Ischyrodon; Temporal range: Middle Jurassic, Callovian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
	NMB L.D.37, the holotype tooth crown; in (A) mesial, (B) lingual, (C) apical, (D) labial, and (E) distal view
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Superorder:	†Sauropterygia
Order:	†Plesiosauria
Family:	†Pliosauridae
Clade:	†Thalassophonea
Genus:	†Ischyrodon; von Meyer, 1838
Type species
	†Ischyrodon meriani; von Meyer, 1838 vide von Meyer, 1856

Ischyrodon is a dubious genus of large, carnivorous marine reptile belonging to the Pliosauroidea, a clade of short-necked plesiosaurs and it is known from the Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of Wölflinswil, Switzerland. The type species is I. meriani,^[1]^[2] and was previously listed as a synonym of Liopleurodon ferox.^[3]

Ischyrodon was named in 1838 and described in 1856 by Hermann von Meyer.^[1]^[2] Lambert Beverly Tarlo noted the possibility of it pertaining to Liopleurodon in 1960.^[3] A 2022 study by Daniel Madzia and colleagues noted that while the tooth likely came from Liopleurodon or something similar, there was too little information available to make a confident assignment, so they treated Ischyrodon as a nomen dubium and did not synonymise Ischyrodon with Liopleurodon.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b von Meyer H. (1838). Mittheilungen, an Prof. Bronn gerichtet. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefaktenkunde. Jahrgang 1838:413-41
^ ^a ^b Meyer, H. v. (1856). "Ischyrodon meriani aus dem Oolith im Frickthale". Palaeontographica. 6: 19–21.
^ ^a ^b Tarlo LB. (1960). A review of the Upper Jurassic pliosaurs. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology, London 4(5):145-189
^ Madzia, D.; Sachs, S.; Klug, C. (2022). "Historical significance and taxonomic status of Ischyrodon meriani (Pliosauridae) from the Middle Jurassic of Switzerland". PeerJ. 10: e13244. doi:10.7717/peerj.13244. PMC 8995022. PMID 35415018.