But Moscow offered refuge to him and his family.

But mostly for my parents, who had worked so hard for so many years to create a refuge from the hurly-burly of the outside world.

For others, it’s been the community where Black residents sought refuge decades ago amid the legacy of defunct racial redlining.

The building, advertised as a place where people could “keep safe and healthy,” was set up as a daytime refuge for residents whose homes were intact but who wanted cleaner air to breathe.

Many people I know thought they had found refuge, only to have to flee again.