Abstract
An analysis of interannual variability in the surface air temperature of the summer season for individual regions of Russia, as well as for most of its territory between 1930 and 2020, has been performed. For the analysis, average daily air temperature data from 526 stations of the Roshydromet observation network and the ECMWF-ERA and NOAA-CIRES reanalyses are used. Based on the meteorological station’s observations and on the calculated number of days with extreme temperature values, the spatiotemporal distribution of ground air temperature for some summer months and for the summer season as a whole are evaluated. It is established that, over the past 60 years, the number of days with extremely high temperatures increased by a factor of 1.5 in most of Russia, with the largest number of such days occurring in July. Both the secular records of average monthly air temperature in the summer months as well as the absolute maximum temperature are established to be extreme. For the 30-year-long periods of instrumental observations, the maximum air temperature exceeded +39°C in some regions of Russia. It is shown that abnormally hot years have been unprecedented in the history of meteorological observations in Russia in terms of both record temperature values and the duration. The temperature regime of most areas of Russia is characterized by a spatiotemporal inhomogeneity. The analysis of temporal variation of extreme air temperature values suggests that the circumpolar and high-mountain areas are characterized by a fall in temperature in the summer months, whereas the temperate climate zones and southern regions of the country undergo a rise in temperature. It is established that, at the end of the 20th century and the early 21st century, the number of days with extremely high surface air temperature increased in the territory of Russia, which may be a precondition for the occurrence of dangerous meteorological phenomena.
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Certificate of state registration of the computer program no. 2021619350. Software module for calculating the main climatic indicators, D.Yu. Vasil’ev, V.M. Kartak, N.A. Gusev, A.M. Vulfin, V.A. Semenov, and A.A. Chibilev; copyright holder Ufa State Aviation Technical University, no. 2021618572; declaration June 1, 2021; registered June 8, 2021.
Certificate of state registration of the database no. 2021621271. Matrices of the main climatic indicators, D.Yu. Vasil’ev, V.M. Kartak, N.A. Gusev, A.M. Vulfin, V.A. Semenov, and A.A. Chibilev; copyright holder Ufa State Aviation Technical University, no. 2021621119; declaration June 1, 2021; registered June 15, 2021.
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Funding
This study was supported by Russian Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Agreement no. 075-15-2021-577); data processing and calculation of days with extreme values of surface air temperature were performed as part of State Task AAAA-A21-121011190016-1.
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Vasil’ev, D.Y., Semenov, V.A. & Chibilev, A.A. Climatic Changes of the Temperature Regime on the Territory of Russia in the 20th and Early 21st Centuries. Geogr. Nat. Resour. 44, 99–106 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1875372823020130
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1875372823020130