Abstract
An independently developed discrete element code, MatDEM, was used to simulate buried hill-controlled earth fissures. An initial cubic discrete element method (DEM) model was obtained by considering the gravity accumulation of particles. A 2D stratigraphic model can be constructed by importing an elevation table of different strata into a cubic model. A simplified fluid-structure interaction method was then introduced to this. The model was simulated by gradually lowering the water level and then calculating the compression deformation of strata. By comparing the calculated settlement to the monitoring data, the validity and accuracy of the MatDEM model were verified. The area prone to earth fissures was predicted based on the analysis of the particle connections and horizontal displacement. The formation mechanism of the buried hill-controlled earth fissures was also explained. Thus, MatDEM is a good numerical simulation method for studying discontinuous problems, such as rock and soil cracking, and can be a new tool with which to study earth fissures.
摘要
目 的
采用离散元法揭示抽水引起的基岩潜山型地裂缝 的发育过程, 实现对地裂缝易发区的准确预测, 为地裂缝灾害的早期预测和防治提供依据.
创新点
1. 提出采用离散元法模拟抽水引起的地裂缝问 题. 2. 提出依据颗粒连接和水平位移等预测地裂 缝的易发区.
方 法
1. 建立一个紧密堆积的二维模型. 2. 通过地调得 到的高程切割模型, 构建二维地层模型. 3. 对不同地层进行材料参数赋值, 随后施加重 力, 并对模型进行平衡. 4. 模型达到平衡后, 采 用简化的流固耦合计算方法以及通过调整单元 颗粒的浮力来模拟降水过程. 5. 通过每次运算降 低10 m 地下水位的循环算法模拟在地下水逐 渐降低过程中的地裂缝发展. 6. 通过与现场地调 数据进行对比, 验证离散元法在地裂缝模拟中的 可靠性.
结 论
1. 随着地下水位的下降, 由于不均匀沉降而产生 的土体弯曲作用是控制地裂缝发育的主要机制. 2. MatDEM 是一种更可靠、直观的数值模拟方法, 可以用于不连续地质体(如基岩潜山型)地裂缝 的易发区预测, 以及地裂缝的演化过程研究.
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Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41572271 and 41772327), the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Earth Fissures Geological Disaster of the Ministry of Land and Resources (No. JSDDY-HJ-D-2018-021), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20161239), and the Open Fund of National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao) (No. QNLM2016ORP0110), China
Contributors
Yang LIU simulated and wrote the manuscript. Dan ZHANG provided the idea. Guang-ya WANG and Yan ZHANG provided geological survey data. Chun LIU helped solve software problems.
Conflict of interest
Yang LIU, Dan ZHANG, Guang-ya WANG, Chun LIU, and Yan ZHANG declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Liu, Y., Zhang, D., Wang, Gy. et al. Discrete element method-based prediction of areas prone to buried hill-controlled earth fissures. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A 20, 794–803 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A1900292
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A1900292