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In 1753–54, the Erivan Khanate suffered greatly from raiding by [[Lezgins|Lezgi]] tribesman from the North Caucasus.{{Sfn|Hakobyan|1971|p=110}} By 1762, [[Karim Khan Zand]] had succeeded in reuniting Iran and reestablishing Iranian suzerainty over the khans of the [[Caucasus]].{{Sfn|Bournoutian|1997|loc=p. 91: "The Javanshirs soon allied themselves with Erekle II (1762-1798), the ruler of Eastern Georgia, and together they divided Eastern Armenia into their respective protectorates[...] By 1762 he [Karim Khan] managed to subdue all of Persia and take a number of hostages from the khans of Erevan, Nakhichevan, Ganja, and Karabagh. Thus, until his death in 1779, Eastern Armenia and the rest of Transcaucasia tentatively remained under Persian suzerainty"}} Karim Khan took hostages from the khans' families to ensure their loyalty, but he did not meddle in Caucasian affairs.{{Sfn|Bournoutian|2001|pp=415–416}} In 1765 and 1769, Heraclius II invaded the Erivan Khanate in response to [[Hoseyn Ali Khan|Hoseyn Ali Khan's]] attempts to terminate payment of tribute. Both times, bloodshed was avoided through the mediation of the [[Armenians|Armenian]] Catholicos [[Simeon I of Yerevan|Simeon of Yerevan]], and Heraclius accepted the restoration of the khanate's tributary status.{{Sfn|Hakobyan|1971|p=111}} Karim Khan's death in 1779 precipitated another power struggle in Iran, again leading to conflict between the rulers in the Caucasus.{{Sfn|Bournoutian|2006|loc=p. 215: "Nader’s assassination in 1747 unleashed a fifteen-year period of chaos in eastern Armenia"}}{{Sfn|Bournoutian|1997|loc=pp. 92–93: "The death of Karim Khan Zand in 1779 once again left Persia adrift among rival tribal chiefs[...] With no stable government in Persia, the khans had begun to act as independent rulers vis-a-vis Georgia and their Armenian subjects"}} That year, Heraclius again invaded the Erivan Khanate, devastating the land and taking a large amount of booty and prisoners, although he was unable to capture [[Erivan Fortress]].{{Sfn|Hakobyan|1971|pp=113–117}}
Hoseyn Ali Khan died in 1783 and was succeeded by his son [[Gholam Ali-khan|Gholam Ali]], who was assassinated soon after; he was succeeded by his younger brother [[Mohammad Khan Qajar of Erivan|Mohammad Khan]].{{Sfn|Hakobyan|1971|p=122}} Like some of the other khans of the Caucasus, Mohammad Khan sought to make contact with [[Russian Empire|Russia]] in the aftermath of the [[Treaty of Georgievsk]].{{Sfn|Bournoutian|2021|p=264}} In 1794–95, [[Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar]] campaigned to restore central authority in the region. He received the submission of the khanates and forcibly subjugated Georgia.{{Sfn|Bournoutian|1997|p=93}} He had Mohammad Khan arrested and appointed his own brother [[Ali-Qoli Khan Qajar|Ali Qoli Khan]] to the position, although Agha Mohammad Khan's successor [[Fath-Ali Shah Qajar|Fath-Ali]] ({{Reign|1797|1834}}) reinstated Mohammad Khan after taking the throne.{{Sfn|Bournoutian|2021|p=264}} During the Qajar period, the city of Erivan was considered to be quite prosperous.{{sfn|Kettenhofen|Bournoutian|Hewsen|1998|pages=542–551}} After the [[Russian Empire|Russians]] annexed [[Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti|Kartli-Kakheti]] and initiated the [[Russo-Persian War (1804–1813)|Russo-Persian War of 1804–1813]], Erivan became, "once more", a center of the Iranian defenses in the Caucasus.{{sfn|Kettenhofen|Bournoutian|Hewsen|1998|pages=542–551}}
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