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The origin of the war in [[Rhodesia]] can be traced to the conquest of the region by the [[British South Africa Company]] in the late 19th century, and the dissent of native leaders who opposed foreign rule.{{sfn|Rogers|1998|p=37}} Britons began settling in Southern Rhodesia in the 1890s, and while it was never accorded full [[dominion]] status, these settlers effectively governed the country after 1923.{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}}
In his famous "[[Wind of Change (speech)|Wind of Change]]" speech, [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|UK Prime Minister]] [[Harold Macmillan]] revealed Britain's new policy to only permit independence to its African colonies under
Britain's unwillingness to compromise led to Rhodesia's [[Unilateral Declaration of Independence (Rhodesia)|unilateral declaration of independence]] (UDI) on 11 November 1965. Although Rhodesia had the private support of neighbouring South Africa and [[Estado Novo (Portugal)|Portugal]], which still owned [[Portuguese Mozambique|Mozambique]], it never gained diplomatic recognition from any country.{{sfn|Wood|2008|p=6}}{{sfn|Smith|1997|pp=109–116}}
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