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{{head|eo|suffix}}
 
# {{senseid|eo|place}} a place, usually a country, named after the root, whether that is a people, person, city, or river
#: {{suffixusex|eo|andaluzo|t1=[[Andalusian]]|Andaluzio|t2=[[Andalusia]]}}
#: {{suffixusex|eo|Esperanto|gloss1=the [[Esperanto]] language|Esperantio|gloss2=a [[notional]] Esperanto-speaking land}}▼
#: {{suffixusex|eo|flandro|t1=[[Fleming]]|Flandrio|t2=[[Flanders]]}}
#: {{suffixusex|eo|japano|gloss1=a [[Japanese]] person|Japanio|gloss2=[[Japan]]}}
#: {{suffixusex|eo|KolumboKaŭkazo|gloss1=the [[ColumbusCaucasus]] Mountains|KolumbioKaŭkazio|gloss2=the [[ColombiaCaucasus]] {{gloss|region}}}}
#: {{suffixusex|eo|Kolumbo|gloss1={{w|Christopher Columbus}}|Kolumbio|gloss2=[[Colombia]]}}
#: {{suffixusex|eo|Niĝero|gloss1=the [[Niger]] River|Niĝerio|gloss2=[[Nigeria]]}}
#: {{suffixusex|eo|Novjorko|gloss1=[[New York City]]|Novjorkio|gloss2=[[New York]] {{gloss|state}}}}
#: {{suffixusex|eo|Romo|gloss1=[[Rome]]|Romio|gloss2=the [[Roman Empire]]}}
#: {{suffixusex|eo|Niĝeroŝvabo|gloss1t1=the [[Niger RiverSwabian]]|NiĝerioŜvabio|gloss2t2=[[NigeriaSwabia]]}}
▲#: {{suffixusex|eo|Esperanto|gloss1=the [[Esperanto]] language|Esperantio|gloss2=a [[notional]] Esperanto-speaking land}}
# a science named after its practitioner
#: {{suffixusex|eo|astronomo|gloss1=[[astronomer]]|astronomio|gloss2=[[astronomy]]}}
#: {{suffixusex|eo|biologo|gloss1=[[biologist]]|biologio|gloss2=[[biology]]}}
#: {{suffixusex|eo|kirurgo|gloss1=[[surgeon]]|kirurgio|gloss2=[[surgery]] (branch of medicine)}}
# {{senseid|eo|chemical element}} [[-ium]]; {{n-g|used to form the names of [[chemical element]]s}}
#: {{suffixusex|eo|berilo|gloss1=[[beryl]]|berilio|gloss2=[[beryllium]]}}
#: {{suffixusex|eo|titano|gloss1=[[titan]]|titanio|gloss2=[[titanium]]}}
#: {{suffixusex|eo|Urano|gloss1=[[Uranus]]|uranio|gloss2=[[uranium]]}}
 
====Synonyms====
* {{sense|countryplace}} {{m|eo|-ujo}} for countriesplaces named after their inhabitants: {{m|eo|Anglujo||England}}
* {{sense|countryplace}} {{m|eo|lando}} is also sometimes used for countriesplaces named after inhabitants: {{m|eo|Svedlando}} = {{m|eo|Svedio||Sweden}}
* {{sense|science}} {{m|eo|scienco}} is used like a suffix with root words to form names of some sciences: {{m|eo|vulkanoscienco}} = {{m|eo|vulkanologio||[[volcanology]]}}
 
====Derived terms====
{{suffixsee|eo}}
{{suffixsee|iteo|id=place}}▼
 
{{suffixsee|eo|id=chemical element}}
----
 
==Finnish==
 
===Etymology===
From multiple sources, including extraction from words derived with {{m|fi|-o}} from verb stems ending in ''-i'', as well as from earlier and still dialectal ''-i(j)o'', from ''-ja-i'' (for labial ''ai'' > ''o'', compare plural forms of {{m|fi|kala}}-type nouns), from {{m|fi|-ja}} + {{m|fi|-i|id=nominal}}.
 
===Suffix===
{{fi-suffix|noun|var=iö}}
 
# {{non-gloss definition|Forms nouns from verbs or verbal stems.}}
#: {{suffixusex|fi|itää|gloss1=to sprout|itiö|gloss2=spore (of e.g. mushroom, moss)}}
#: {{suffixusex|fi|valita|gloss1=to choose|valio|gloss2=elite, select}}
# {{non-gloss definition|Forms nouns from other nouns, adjectives, numbers or their stems.}}
#: {{suffixusex|fi|yksi|gloss1=one|yksiö|gloss2=a one-room apartment}}
#: {{suffixusex|fi|kolme|gloss1=three|kolmio|gloss2=a triangle; a yield sign}}
Line 56 ⟶ 65:
===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|fi|a=io|oi}}
 
----
 
==Ido==
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{{io-suffix|n}}
 
# {{non-gloss definition|suffix denoting the country, region, domain, territory or province dependent upon the authority of a person}}
#: {{suffixusex|io|duko|t1=duke; duchess|dukio|t2=duchy}}
#: {{suffixusex|io|episkopo|t1=bishop|episkopio|t2=bishopric, diocese, episcopate}}
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====Derived terms====
{{suffixsee|io}}
 
----
 
==Italian==
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====Suffix====
{{head|it-noun|suffix|g=m|plural|-ii}}
 
# {{senseid|it|frequentative}}{{n-g|Usedused with verb roots to derive nouns with [[durative]], [[intensive]] or [[frequentative]] connotation}}; [[-le]]
 
=====Derived terms=====
▲{{suffixsee|it}}
{{suffixsee|it|-io (frequentative)}}
 
Line 105 ⟶ 109:
 
====Suffix====
{{head|it-adj|suffix|gmpl=m|plural|-ii}}<br />
{{it-noun|m|-ii}}
 
# {{senseid|it|ivo}}{{alt form|it|-ivo}}
 
=====Derived terms=====▼
{{suffixsee|lait|-io (third conjugationivo)}}▼
 
===Etymology 3===
Line 116 ⟶ 124:
 
====Suffix====
{{head|it-adj|suffixmpl=-i|gmpl2=m-ii}}<br />
 
# {{n-g|Addedadded to nouns and adjectives to form adjectives meaning “having the quality of”}}; [[-y]]
 
===Etymology 4===
 
From {{inh|it|la|-ium}}.▼
====Pronunciation====▼
{{ptit-IPApr|-i̇o<qpost:{{q|stressed on the preceding vowelsyllable}}>}}▼
 
====Suffix====
{{it-noun|m}}
 
# {{senseid|it|deverbal}}{{lb|it|uncommon}} {{n-g|used with verb roots to derive simple deverbal nouns}}
#: {{afex|it|sgravare<t:to relieve, to lighten>|[[sgravio|sgràvio]]<t:relief, lightening>}}
 
=====Derived terms=====
{{suffixsee|it|-io (deverbal)}}
 
===Etymology 5===
▲From {{inhbor+|it|laNL.|-ium}}.
 
====Pronunciation====
Line 127 ⟶ 149:
 
====Suffix====
{{head|it-noun|suffixm|g+|pl2=m-ii}}
 
# {{senseid|it|chemical element}}{{n-g|Formsforms the name of chemical elements}}; [[-ium]]
 
=====Derived terms=====
{{suffixsee|it|-io (chemical element)}}
 
===Etymology 56===
From {{inh|it|la|-īvit|}} via {{inh|it|VL.|-īut}}.
 
====Pronunciation====
Line 141 ⟶ 163:
 
====Suffix====
{{head|it|-suffix form|cat2=inflectional suffixesverb}}
 
# {{qualifierlb|it|archaic|Dantesque}} {{n-g|Usedused with a stem to form the third-person singular past historic of regular [[{{m|it|-ire]]}} verbs}}
 
===Derived terms===
----
{{suffixsee|it|-io}}
 
==Latin==
 
===Etymology 1===
{{etymon|la|id=abstract noun|from|la>-ō>abstract noun}}
Suffix {{m|la|-ō}} on ''i''-stems.
 
Line 155 ⟶ 179:
{{la-suffix-noun|-iō<3.F>}}
 
# {{senseid|la|abstract noun}}{{non-gloss definition|Used to form abstract [[noun]]s from verbs.}}
 
=====Usage notes=====
Line 166 ⟶ 190:
{{la-ndecl|-iō<3>}}
 
=====Synonyms=====
* {{l|la|-tus|id=action noun}}
 
Line 181 ⟶ 205:
{{la-suffix-noun|-iō<3.M>}}
 
# {{senseid|la|animate noun}}{{non-gloss definition|Suffixed to noun or adjective stems, forms various types of [[noun]]s designating persons that are characterized by or related to the base word, such as nicknames or names of professions.}}
# {{senseid|la|inanimate noun}}{{non-gloss|Suffixed to noun or adjective stems, forms certain [[noun]]s designating things; often described as a kind of diminutive.}}
 
=====Usage notes=====
Line 189 ⟶ 214:
{{la-ndecl|-iō<3>}}
 
=====Synonyms=====
* {{l|la|-ō}}, {{l|la|-ārius}}
 
=====Derived terms=====
{{suffixsee|la|-io (animate noun)}}
{{suffixsee|la|-io (inanimate noun)}}
 
===Etymology 3===
Line 201 ⟶ 227:
{{la-suffix-verb|1+|-iō}}
 
# {{senseid|la|causative}}{{non-gloss definition|Used to form [[Appendix:Glossary#causativefactitive verb|causativefactitive]] verbs from adjectives.}}
 
=====Conjugation=====
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===Etymology 4===
From {{inh|la|itc-pro|*-jō}}, from {{inh|la|ine-pro|*-yéti}} (first person singular: ''*-yóh₂'') after a consonant.
{{rfe|la}}
 
====Suffix====
{{la-suffix-verb|3|-io}}
 
# {{senseid|la|third conjugation}}{{non-gloss definition|Used to form some irregular [[Appendix:Latin third conjugation|third conjugation]] verbs.}}
 
=====Conjugation=====
{{la-conj|3.suffix|-iō|-|-|-}}
 
▲=====Derived terms=====
▲{{suffixsee|la|-io (third conjugation)}}
 
===Etymology 5===
From i stem+{{metymon|la|id=fourth conjugation|inh|ine-pro|>*-yéti|pos=>denominative suffix}} or later non-inherited fabrications.
Ultimately from {{der|la|ine-pro|*-yéti|pos=denominative suffix}}. The question of how it came to be differentiated from third-conjugation ''-iō, -ere'' is still debated. Vine 2012 derives denominatives such as {{m|la|serviō}} from {{m|ine-pro||*serw-e-yé/ó-}} (with the thematic vowel *-e- before the suffix), proposing that unaccented Proto-Indo-European *-e- came to be assimilated in Italic to an immediately following *-y-.<ref>{{cite-book|title=The Sound of Indo-European: Phonetics, phonemics, and morphophonemics|last=Vine|first=Brent|year=2012|chapter=PIE mobile accent in Italic: Further evidence|editors=Benedicte Nielsen Whitehead, Thomas Olander, Birgit Anette Olsen, and Jens Elmegård Rasmussen|publisher=Museum Tusculanum Press}}</ref> Alternative explanations include an Italic version of [[w:Sievers's law|Sievers's law]] (that is, a prosodically conditioned development of postconsonantal *-y-* to *-iy- in certain contexts) or combination of the suffix with stems ending in *-i-. Some verbs may be derived from backformation from adjectives ending in {{m|la|-ītus}}, such as {{m|la|igniō}}, whose finite forms are attested later than {{m|la|ignītus|t=fiery, glowing}}.<ref>{{R:la:EM|head=ignis|page=308}}</ref>
 
====Suffix====
{{la-suffix-verb|4+|-io}}
 
# {{senseid|la|fourth conjugation}}{{non-gloss definition|Used to form [[Appendix:Latin fourth conjugation|fourth conjugation]] verbs.}}
 
=====Conjugation=====
Line 236 ⟶ 260:
=====Derived terms=====
{{suffixsee|la|-io (fourth conjugation)}}
 
=====Descendants=====
{{i|from infinitive -īre:}}
{{top2}}
* {{desc|ast|-ir}}
* {{desc|ca|-ir}}
* {{desc|fur|-î}}
* {{desc|gl|-ir}}
* {{desc|it|-ire}}
* {{desc|oc|-ir}}
* {{desc|fro|-ir}}
** {{desc|fr|-ir}}
* {{desc|pt|-ir}}
* {{desc|ro|-i}}
* {{desc|es|-ir}}
{{bottom}}
 
===References===
<references/>
 
----
 
==Old Spanish==
Line 253 ⟶ 291:
{{head|osp|suffix}}
 
# {{qualifier|added to nouns}} A suffix forming [[abstract noun]]s.
#: {{suffixusex|osp|sennor|gloss1=lord, master|sennorio|gloss2=dominion, jurisdiction}}
 
Line 261 ⟶ 299:
====Descendants====
* {{desc|es|-ío}}
 
----
 
==Portuguese==
Line 291 ⟶ 327:
 
===Etymology 3===
 
▲====Pronunciation====
▲{{pt-IPA|-i̇o<q:stressed on the preceding vowel>}}
 
====Suffix====
Line 309 ⟶ 342:
 
# {{obsolete spelling of|pt|-iu}}
 
----
 
==Spanish==
 
===Etymology===
Borrowed from {{bor+|es|NL.|-ium}}, from {{der|es|la|-um}}, based on Latin terms for metals, such as {{m|la|ferrum||iron}}.
 
===Suffix===
Line 327 ⟶ 358:
===Further reading===
* {{R:es:DRAE}}
 
----
 
==Welsh==
Line 341 ⟶ 370:
{{head|cy|suffix}}
 
# {{non-gloss definition|Forms [[w:Verbnoun|verbnouns]] from verbs and other parts of speech.}}
 
====Derived terms====
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-io"
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