точка

Bulgarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɔt͡ʃkɐ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Russian то́чка (tóčka), from Proto-Slavic *tъčьka. Eventually, displaced Etymology 2.

Noun

то́чка • (tóčka) f (relational adjective то́чков, diminutive то́чица)

1. dot, spot
2. (mathematics) point
3. (also figurative) point, place, location

   и́зходна то́чка ― ízhodna tóčka ― starting point

   то́чка на кипе́не ― tóčka na kipéne ― boiling point

4. period, full stop (punctuation)
5. item (e.g. in a list)

Declension

Declension of то́чка

	singular	plural
indefinite	то́чка tóčka	то́чки tóčki
definite	то́чката tóčkata	то́чките tóčkite

Related terms

• то́чен (tóčen, “exact, precise”)
• тъ́кмо (tǎ́kmo, “just”, adverb)
• тъка́ (tǎká, “to weave”)

 

References

• “точка”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “точка”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Etymology 2

то́ча (tóča, “to drain”) +‎ -ка (-ka)

Noun

то́чка • (tóčka) f (obsolete)

1. source, spring, spout (point where some flow starts from)

   Synonyms: чу́чур (čúčur), соп (sop)

Declension

Declension of то́чка

	singular	plural
indefinite	то́чка tóčka	то́чки tóčki
definite	то́чката tóčkata	то́чките tóčkite

Related terms

• и́зточник (íztočnik, “source”)
• (obsolete) то́чен (tóčen, “sprung”)
• ток (tok, “current”)

 

References

• Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “то́чка”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 348

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tъčьka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɔt͡ʃka]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

точка • (točka) f

1. point, dot
2. period, full stop
3. item (e.g. in a list)

Declension

Declension of точка

	singular	plural
indefinite	точка	точки
definite unspecified	точката	точките
definite proximal	точкава	точкиве
definite distal	точкана	точкине
vocative	точко	точки

Verb

точка • (točka) third-singular present, impf (perfective источка)

1. (transitive) to dot

Conjugation

Conjugation of точка (imperfective, present in -а)

l-participles	imperfect	aorist	non-finite forms
masculine	точкал	—	adjectival participle	точкан
feminine	точкала	—	adverbial participle	точкајќи
neuter	точкало	—	verbal noun	точкање
plural	точкале	—	perfect participle	точкано
	present	imperfect	aorist	imperative
1st singular	точкам	точкав	—	—
2nd singular	точкаш	точкаше	—	точкај
3rd singular	точка	точкаше	—	—
1st plural	точкаме	точкавме	—	—
2nd plural	точкате	точкавте	—	точкајте
3rd plural	точкаат	точкаа	—	—
Compound tenses
perfect	сум точкал		present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle
има-perfect	имам точкано		present of има + perfect participle
pluperfect	бев точкал		imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle
има-pluperfect	имав точкано		imperfect of има + perfect participle
има-perfect reported	сум имал точкано		perfect of има + perfect participle
future	ќе точкам		ќе + present
има-future	ќе имам точкано		future of има + perfect participle
future in the past	ќе точкав		ќе + imperfect
има-future in the past	ќе имав точкано		future in the past of има + perfect participle
future reported	ќе сум точкал		ќе + imperfect l-participle
има-future reported	ќе сум имал точкано		future reported of има + perfect participle
conditional	би точкал		би + imperfect l-participle
има-conditional	би имал точкано		conditional of има + perfect participle

Russian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *tъčьka. Cognate with Lithuanian taškas.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtot͡ɕkə]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

то́чка • (tóčka) f inan (genitive то́чки, nominative plural то́чки, genitive plural то́чек, relational adjective то́чечный, diminutive то́чечка)

1. period, dot, full stop
2. point

   то́чка прикоснове́ния ― tóčka prikosnovénija ― point of contact

3. dot, (for Morse code; colloquially dit)
   • (Can we date this quote?), “Мой адрес - Советский Союз”:

     Вы, то́чки-тире́ телегра́фные, ищи́те на стро́йках меня́.

     Vy, tóčki-tirɛ́ telegráfnyje, iščíte na strójkax menjá.

     You, telegraphic dots and dashes, seek me on building sites.

Declension

Declension of то́чка (inan fem-form velar-stem accent-a reduc) 

	singular	plural
nominative	то́чка tóčka	то́чки tóčki
genitive	то́чки tóčki	то́чек tóček
dative	то́чке tóčke	то́чкам tóčkam
accusative	то́чку tóčku	то́чки tóčki
instrumental	то́чкой, то́чкою tóčkoj, tóčkoju	то́чками tóčkami
prepositional	то́чке tóčke	то́чках tóčkax

Related terms

• то́чечный (tóčečnyj)
• то́чно (tóčno)
• то́чность (tóčnostʹ)
• то́чный (tóčnyj)
• точь (točʹ)
• уточни́ть (utočnítʹ)

 

Descendants

• → Ingrian: tocka
• → Japanese: トーチカ (tōchika)
• → Korean: 토치카 (tochika)
• → Serbo-Croatian: tȍčka/та̏чка

See also

• тире́ (tirɛ́)
• то́чка с запято́й (tóčka s zapjatój)

Interjection

то́чка! • (tóčka!)

1. enough!

Ukrainian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tъčьka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɔt͡ʃkɐ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

то́чка • (tóčka) f inan (genitive то́чки, nominative plural то́чки, genitive plural то́чок)

1. period, dot, full stop
2. point

Declension

Declension of то́чка (inan hard fem-form accent-a reduc)

	singular	plural
nominative	то́чка tóčka	то́чки tóčky
genitive	то́чки tóčky	то́чок tóčok
dative	то́чці tóčci	то́чкам tóčkam
accusative	то́чку tóčku	то́чки tóčky
instrumental	то́чкою tóčkoju	то́чками tóčkamy
locative	то́чці tóčci	то́чках tóčkax
vocative	то́чко tóčko	то́чки tóčky

References

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “точка”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka