Arabic

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Etymology 1

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    Root
    ع ر ف (ʕ r f)
    15 terms

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ʕa.ra.fa/
    • Audio:(file)

    Verb

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    عَرَفَ (ʕarafa) I (non-past يَعْرِفُ (yaʕrifu), verbal noun مَعْرِفَة (maʕrifa) or عِرْفَان (ʕirfān)) (transitive)

    1. to be familiar with (a person, a place, a piece of news or information, and so on); to know
      Synonym: خَبُرَ (ḵabura)
      Antonyms: أَنْكَرَ (ʔankara), جَهِلَ (jahila)
      Coordinate terms: عَلِمَ (ʕalima), دَرَى (darā)
      هَلْ تَعْرِفُهَا؟
      hal taʕrifuhā?
      Do you know her?
      أَعْرِفُ أَنَّهَا دَرَسَتِ الْحُقُوقَ.
      ʔaʕrifu ʔannahā darasati l-ḥuqūqa.
      I know that she studied law.
      • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 12:58:
        وَجَاءَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ فَدَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ فَعَرَفَهُمْ وَهُمْ لَهُ مُنْكِرُونَ
        wajāʔa ʔiḵwatu yūsufa fadaḵalū ʕalayhi faʕarafahum wahum lahu munkirūna
        Then Joseph's brothers came in, and he knew them, while they did not recall him.
    2. to be familiar with (a skill or profession); to be experienced in; to be proficient at or in; can
      Synonym: أَجَادَ (ʔajāda, to excel at)
      هُوَ عَارِفٌ بِالْيَابَانِيَّةِ
      huwa ʕārifun bi-l-yābāniyyati
      He is proficient in Japanese.
      أَعْرِفُ الْعَزْفَ وَالْغِنَاءَ.
      ʔaʕrifu al-ʕazfa wālḡināʔa.
      I know how to sing and play music.
      هُمْ لَا يَعْرِفُونَ السِّبَاحَةَ.
      hum lā yaʕrifūna as-sibāḥata.
      They cannot swim.
    3. to recognise (a person, a place, and so on); to identify; to recall
      Synonym: تَذَكَّرَ (taḏakkara, to remember)
      .أَرَيْتُهَا صُورَتَهُ فَلَمْ تَعْرِفْهُ
      .ʔaraytuhā ṣūratahu falam taʕrifhu
      I showed her his picture, but she could not recognize him.
    4. to become aware of; to find out
      Synonym: أَدْرَكَ (ʔadraka)
      فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ كاذِبٌ.
      faʕaraftu ʔannahu kāḏibun.
      That is when I knew he was lying.
    Conjugation
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    Etymology 2

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    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    عَرَّفَ (ʕarrafa) II (non-past يُعَرِّفُ (yuʕarrifu), verbal noun تَعْرِيف (taʕrīf))

    1. (transitive) to define
    2. (ditransitive) to tell about, to inform of, to make aware of; to acquaint with, to introduce to
    Conjugation
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    Etymology 3

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    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    عُرْف (ʕurfm (plural أَعْرَاف (ʔaʕrāf)) (countable)

    1. a practice that is widely known somewhere or in some group; a convention; custom; a tradition
      Synonym: سُنَّة (sunna, a characteristic practice, especially one that is popularized or enforced)
    2. the crest or comb of a rooster, a cockscomb
      1. any tuftlike protuberance; an outgrowth
        Synonym: نُتُوء (nutūʔ, a protrusion; a projection; a protuberance)
      2. (uncommon) the forelock of a horse
    Descendants
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    • Northern Kurdish: urf
    • Ottoman Turkish: عرف (ʿörf)
      > Turkish: örf (inherited)
    • Uyghur: ئۇرپ (urp)
    • Uzbek: urf

    Etymology 4

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    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    عَرْف (ʕarfm

    1. scent, aroma
    Descendants
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    References

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    • Wehr, Hans (1979) “عرف”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
    • Mace, John (2007) “عرف”, in Arabic Verbs, New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc., →ISBN

    Egyptian Arabic

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    Root
    ع ر ف
    1 term

    Etymology

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    From Arabic عَرَفَ (ʕarafa).

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    عرف (ʕirif) I (non-past يعرف (yiʕraf))

    1. to know
    2. to recognize, to distinguish
    3. to discover, to find out
    4. to show consideration for
    5. to have the ability, to be able
      للأسف معرفتش أصور في الحفلة.
      li-l-ʔasaf ma-ʕriftiš ʔaṣawwir fi-l-ḥafla
      Unfortunately I couldn't film in the party.
    6. to be familiar with; to be proficient in; to be conversant with [with ل]

    Conjugation

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        Conjugation of عرف (form-I sound)
    singular plural
    1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
    past m عرفت (ʕirift) عرفت (ʕirift) عرف (ʕirif) عرفنا (ʕirifna) عرفتوا (ʕiriftu) عرفوا (ʕirfu)
    f عرفتي (ʕirifti) عرفت (ʕirfit)
    present subjunctive m اعرف (aʕraf) تعرف (tiʕraf) يعرف (yiʕraf) نعرف (niʕraf) تعرفوا (tiʕrafu) يعرفوا (yiʕrafu)
    f تعرفي (tiʕrafi) تعرف (tiʕraf)
    present indicative m بعرف (baʕraf) بتعرف (bitiʕraf) بيعرف (biyiʕraf) بنعرف (biniʕraf) بتعرفوا (bitiʕrafu) بيعرفوا (biyiʕrafu)
    f بتعرفي (bitiʕrafi) بتعرف (bitiʕraf)
    future m حعرف (ḥaʕraf) حتعرف (ḥatiʕraf) حيعرف (ḥayiʕraf) حنعرف (ḥaniʕraf) حتعرفوا (ḥatiʕrafu) حيعرفوا (ḥayiʕrafu)
    f حتعرفي (ḥatiʕrafi) حتعرف (ḥatiʕraf)
    imperative m اعرف (iʕraf) اعرفوا (iʕrafu)
    f اعرفي (iʕrafi)

    Hijazi Arabic

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    Root
    ع ر ف
    2 terms

    Etymology 1

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    From Arabic عَرَفَ (ʕarafa).

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    عِرِف (ʕirif) I (non-past يِعْرِف (yiʕrif))

    1. to know
      Synonym: دِري (diri)
    Conjugation
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        Conjugation of عرف (ʕirif)
    singular plural
    1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
    past m عرفت (ʕirift) عرفت (ʕirift) عرف (ʕirif) عرفنا (ʕirifna) عرفتوا (ʕiriftu) عرفوا (ʕirfu)
    f عرفتي (ʕirifti) عرفت (ʕirfat)
    non-past m أعرف (ʔaʕrif) تعرف (tiʕrif) يعرف (yiʕrif) نعرف (niʕrif) تعرفوا (tiʕrifu) يعرفوا (yiʕrifu)
    f تعرفي (tiʕrifi) تعرف (tiʕrif)
    imperative m اعرف (aʕrif) اعرفوا (aʕrifu)
    f اعرفي (aʕrifi)

    Etymology 2

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    From Arabic عَرَّفَ (ʕarrafa).

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    عَرَّف (ʕarraf) II (non-past يِعَرِّف (yiʕarrif))

    1. to inform, to let know
      Synonyms: بَلَّغ (ballaḡ), دَرَّى (darra)
    2. to introduce (someone)
    Conjugation
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        Conjugation of عرف (ʕarraf)
    singular plural
    1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
    past m عرفت (ʕarraft) عرفت (ʕarraft) عرف (ʕarraf) عرفنا (ʕarrafna) عرفتوا (ʕarraftu) عرفوا (ʕarrafu)
    f عرفتي (ʕarrafti) عرفت (ʕarrafat)
    non-past m أعرف (ʔaʕarrif) تعرف (tiʕarrif) يعرف (yiʕarrif) نعرف (niʕarrif) تعرفوا (tiʕarrifu) يعرفوا (yiʕarrifu)
    f تعرفي (tiʕarrifi) تعرف (tiʕarrif)
    imperative m عرف (ʕarrif) عرفوا (ʕarrifu)
    f عرفي (ʕarrifi)

    Moroccan Arabic

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    Etymology

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    Root
    ع ر ف
    1 term

    From Arabic عَرَفَ (ʕarafa).

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    عرف (ʕraf) I (non-past يعرف (yiʕraf))

    1. to know

    Conjugation

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    The template Template:ary-conj-fʕal-yifʕal does not use the parameter(s):
    1=ع
    2=ر
    3=ف
    4=ʕ
    5=r
    6=f
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.

    This verb needs an inflection-table template.

    South Levantine Arabic

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    Root
    ع ر ف
    6 terms

    Etymology 1

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    From Arabic عَرَفَ (ʕarafa).

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    عرف (ʕirif) I (present بعرف (biʕrif), active participle عارف (ʕāref))

    1. to know
      لو عرفت، كنت قلتلّك.
      law ʕrift, kunt ʔoltillak.
      If I had known, I would have told you.
      ما بعرف وين البنك.
      baʕref wēn il-bank.
      I don't know where the bank is.
      بتعرفو تسبحو؟
      btiʕrefu tisbaḥu?
      Do you know how to swim?
    Usage notes
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    Conjugation
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        Conjugation of عرف (ʕirif)
    singular plural
    1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
    past m عرفت (ʕrift) عرفت (ʕrift) عرف (ʕirif) عرفنا (ʕrifna) عرفتو (ʕriftu) عرفو (ʕirfu)
    f عرفتي (ʕrifti) عرفت (ʕirfat)
    present m بعرف (baʕrif) بتعرف (btiʕrif) بعرف (biʕrif) منعرف (mniʕrif) بتعرفو (btiʕrifu) بعرفو (biʕrifu)
    f بتعرفي (btiʕrifi) بتعرف (btiʕrif)
    subjunctive m أعرف (ʔaʕrif) تعرف (tiʕrif) يعرف (yiʕrif) نعرف (niʕrif) تعرفو (tiʕrifu) يعرفو (yiʕrifu)
    f تعرفي (tiʕrifi) تعرف (tiʕrif)
    imperative m اعرف (iʕrif) اعرفو (iʕrifu)
    f اعرفي (iʕrifi)

    Etymology 2

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    From Arabic عَرَّفَ (ʕarrafa).

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    عرّف (ʕarraf) II (present بعرّف (biʕarref))

    1. to inform, to let know
      Synonyms: خبّر (ḵabbar), بلّغ (ballaḡ)
    2. to introduce (someone)
    Conjugation
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        Conjugation of عرّف (ʕarraf)
    singular plural
    1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
    past m عرّفت (ʕarraft) عرّفت (ʕarraft) عرّف (ʕarraf) عرّفنا (ʕarrafna) عرّفتو (ʕarraftu) عرّفو (ʕarrafu)
    f عرّفتي (ʕarrafti) عرّفت (ʕarrafat)
    present m بعرّف (baʕarref) بتعرّف (bitʕarref) بعرّف (biʕarref) منعرّف (minʕarref) بتعرّفو (bitʕarrfu) بعرّفو (biʕarrfu)
    f بتعرّفي (bitʕarrfi) بتعرّف (bitʕarref)
    subjunctive m اعرّف (aʕarref) تعرّف (tʕarref) يعرّف (yʕarref) نعرّف (nʕarref) تعرّفو (tʕarrfu) يعرّفو (yʕarrfu)
    f تعرّفي (tʕarrfi) تعرّف (tʕarref)
    imperative m عرّف (ʕarref) عرّفو (ʕarrfu)
    f عرّفي (ʕarrfi)
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