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| Released = {{start date|1987|9|7}}
| Released = {{start date|1987|9|7}}
| Format = [[Compact Disc single|CD single]], [[Gramophone record|7" single]], [[12-inch single|12"]]
| Format = [[Compact Disc single|CD single]], [[Gramophone record|7" single]], [[12-inch single|12"]]
| Recorded = December 1986
| Recorded = January 1987
| Border = yes
| Border = yes
| Genre = [[Dance-pop]], [[funk]]
| Genre = [[Dance-pop]], [[funk]]
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==Background and inspiration==
==Background and inspiration==
"Bad" is a song that was written (in 1986) and recorded by Michael Jackson in December 1986 for his seventh studio [[Bad (album)|album of the same name]] and produced by [[Quincy Jones]] (with Jackson serving as co-producer). "Bad" was originally intended to be a duet between Jackson and musician [[Prince (musician)|Prince]]; although the plans were not fruitful.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.vh1.com/news/articles/1615214/20090702/jackson_michael.jhtml |title= Michael Jackson's Life & Legacy: The Eccentric King Of Pop (1986–1999) |work= [[VH1|VH1.com]] |publisher= [[Viacom]] |accessdate= 2010-03-11}}</ref> In Jackson's 1988 [[autobiography]] ''[[Moonwalk (book)|Moonwalk]]'', Jackson discussed the concept of "Bad", elaborating that,
"Bad" is a song that was written (in 1986) and recorded by Michael Jackson in January 1987 for his seventh studio [[Bad (album)|album of the same name]] and produced by [[Quincy Jones]] (with Jackson serving as co-producer). "Bad" was originally intended to be a duet between Jackson and musician [[Prince (musician)|Prince]]; although the plans were not fruitful.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.vh1.com/news/articles/1615214/20090702/jackson_michael.jhtml |title= Michael Jackson's Life & Legacy: The Eccentric King Of Pop (1986–1999) |work= [[VH1|VH1.com]] |publisher= [[Viacom]] |accessdate= 2010-03-11}}</ref> In Jackson's 1988 [[autobiography]] ''[[Moonwalk (book)|Moonwalk]]'', Jackson discussed the concept of "Bad", elaborating that,


{{quote|"'Bad' is a song about the street. It's about this kid from a bad neighborhood who gets to go away to a private school. He comes back to the old neighborhood when he's on a break from school and the kids from the neighborhood start giving him trouble. He sings, 'I'm bad, you're bad, who's bad, who's the best?' He's saying when you're strong and good, then you're bad."<ref>Jackson 1988</ref>}}
{{quote|"'Bad' is a song about the street. It's about this kid from a bad neighborhood who gets to go away to a private school. He comes back to the old neighborhood when he's on a break from school and the kids from the neighborhood start giving him trouble. He sings, 'I'm bad, you're bad, who's bad, who's the best?' He's saying when you're strong and good, then you're bad."<ref>Jackson 1988</ref>}}
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|align="center"|4
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|Spain ([[Productores de Música de España|AFYVE]])<ref>{{cite book|last= Salaverri |first= Fernando |title= Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 |accessdate= 2011-01-26 |edition= 1st |year= 2005 |month= September |publisher= Fundación Autor-SGAE |location= Spain |isbn= 84-8048-639-2}}</ref>
|Spain ([[Productores de Música de España|AFYVE]])<ref>{{cite book|last= Salaverri |first= Fernando |title= Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 |accessdate= 2011-01-26 |edition= 1st |date=September 2005 |publisher= Fundación Autor-SGAE |location= Spain |isbn= 84-8048-639-2}}</ref>
|align="center"|1
|align="center"|1
|-
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Revision as of 01:30, 10 February 2014

"Bad"
Song
B-side"I Can't Help It"

"Bad" is a song by American song writer and recording artist Michael Jackson. "Bad" was released by Epic Records in September 1987, as the second single from Jackson's studio album of the same name. The song was written, composed, and co-produced by Jackson, and produced by Quincy Jones. Jackson stated that the song was influenced by a real life story he'd read about.

"Bad" was generally well received by contemporary music critics, with some critics noting that "Bad" helped Jackson's image become edgier during the Bad-era. The song peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100, and remained at the top position of the chart for two weeks, becoming Jackson's Bad album's second number one single, and Jackson's seventh number one entry on the chart. Internationally, the song was also commercially successful, charting within the top ten in eleven countries as well as charting within the top five in the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Norwegian, Switzerland and Swedish charts. The song peaked at number one on the Netherlands and European charts.

A music video for "Bad", directed by Martin Scorsese and co-starring one of the first appearances of yet-undiscovered Wesley Snipes, was released in late 1987. In the video, Jackson and a group of background dancers are shown doing dance routines throughout a subway station. The music video's choreographer stated that the plot and video of the background was strongly influenced by the "Cool" scene in West Side Story. The music video received one nomination at the Video Music Awards in 1988. "Bad" has been covered and parodied by multiple artists since its release as well as becoming a frequent song used during tributes to Jackson after his death in June 2009.

Background and inspiration

"Bad" is a song that was written (in 1986) and recorded by Michael Jackson in January 1987 for his seventh studio album of the same name and produced by Quincy Jones (with Jackson serving as co-producer). "Bad" was originally intended to be a duet between Jackson and musician Prince; although the plans were not fruitful.[1] In Jackson's 1988 autobiography Moonwalk, Jackson discussed the concept of "Bad", elaborating that,

"'Bad' is a song about the street. It's about this kid from a bad neighborhood who gets to go away to a private school. He comes back to the old neighborhood when he's on a break from school and the kids from the neighborhood start giving him trouble. He sings, 'I'm bad, you're bad, who's bad, who's the best?' He's saying when you're strong and good, then you're bad."[2]

In a 1988 interview with Ebony and Jet magazines (which was released on Hulu shortly after his death), Jackson said that he had gotten the idea for the song from a true story that he had read about in Time or Newsweek magazine.[3] Jackson stated that the story said that a student that went to school in upstate New York, who was "from the ghetto", had tried to make something of his life and planned to leave all of his friends behind when he returned from Thanksgiving break.[3] He added that the student's friends' jealousy resulted in them killing the student; Jackson stated that the student's death was not included in the music video.[3]

Composition

The song is written in the key of A Minor with a time signature in common time.[4] Jackson's vocal range spans from E4 to C6.[4] The track has a tempo of 114 beats per minute.[4] "Bad" was viewed as a rived "Hit the Road, Jack" progression.[5] Davitt Sigerson, a writer for Rolling Stone magazine, commented on the track's lyrical content while reviewing Bad, "When Jackson declares that 'the whole world has to answer right now,' he is not boasting but making a statement of fact regarding his extraordinary stardom. If anything, he is scorning the self-coronation of lesser funk royals and inviting his fickle public to spurn him if it dare."[5] Sigerson compared the track to material by James Brown, whose "It's A Man's Man's Man's World" is openly referenced by the four chromatic note brass introduction to the song .[5] Lyrically, "Bad" pertains to proving to people that you are tough boasting, with Jackson asking "who's bad?"[5] in a repeating lyric in the song's chorus.

Critical reception

"Bad" was generally well received by contemporary music critics. Some critics noted that the song helped Jackson's image become more edgy during the Bad-era. Davitt Sigerson, a writer for Rolling Stone magazine, commented that the track" needs no "defense" and he generally praised Jackson's vocal performance in the song.[5] Stephen Thomas Erlewine of Allmusic listed "Bad", along with two other songs from the album, as being top picks from the album's eleven tracks.[6] In separate review of the song, Erlewine commented that Jackson's vocals "sounded like [he was] the love child of James Brown and Mavis Staples" and added that "musically speaking, in this case, 'Bad' is very good".[7] He also noted that the track's "authority and boasting helped to humanize" Jackson and "changed his image", remarking that it was "fun hearing him talking trash and being his own bigger booster".[7] Jennifer Clay of Yahoo Music noted that while Jackson's new edgier image was a "little hard to swallow", the image worked musically on the album's songs "Bad", "Man in the Mirror", and "Dirty Diana".[8]

Chart performance

"Bad" charted within the top ten, at number eight, on the Billboard Hot 100 on October 10, 1987[9] and peaked at number one on October 24, 1987.[10] "Bad" stayed at the top position for two consecutive weeks.[11] "Bad" was Jackson's Bad album's second number one single on the Billboard Hot 100, and Jackson's seventh number one entry on the chart. The track also charted on the Billboard Hot R&B Singles and Billboard Hot Dance Club Play at number one.[12] "Bad" was commercially successful internationally, generally charting within the top ten, as well as reaching the top position, on music charts. "Bad" debuted at number five on the United Kingdom charts on September 26, 1987.[13] The following week, the song charted at its peak position of number three, where it remained for two consecutive weeks.[13] "Bad" remained within the chart's top ten positions for four weeks, and charted within the top 100 for a total of eleven weeks in 1987.[13] "Bad" peaked at number five on Canadian music charts on November 7, 1987.[14] "Bad" peaked at number four in Sweden on October 14, 1987.[15] The song spent four weeks within the chart's top ten.[15] On October 3, "Bad" debuted at number nine in France, and after six weeks of charting within the top ten, the song peaked at number four on November 14.[16] "Bad" debuted on New Zealand music charts at number four on October 18, and the following week moved to its peak position of number two. The song then stayed within the top ten for the next five weeks.[17] The track charted within the top fifty positions for fifteen weeks in 1987 and 1988.[17]

The song also charted at number two in Norway in the thirty-ninth week of 1987, and charted within the top ten positions for eight weeks in 1987.[16] The song was also very successful on the Australian music charts, peaking within the Top Five at number four.[16] "Bad" debuted on Austrian charts at number ten on November 1, 1987.[18] The following week the song charted out of the top ten and the next week returned to the top ten at number nine, which was its peak position.[18] The song debuted at number eighty-seven in Dutch on September 9, 1987. The following week, the song moved up to number eleven, which was seventy-three positions higher than its previous week.[19] The song peaked at number one, and remained at the top position for two consecutive weeks.[19] In 2006, Jackson's music re-entered charts following his music being re-issued for his Visionary album. The track entered Spanish charts for the first time on April 4, 2006, and debuted at the top position.[20] "Bad" remained within the top twenty positions for nine consecutive weeks.[20] The song debuted at its peak position at number five in Italy on April 6.[21] After Jackson's death in June 2009, his music re-entered charts again worldwide. In July, the track peaked at number eleven in Italy,[21] number twenty in Spain,[20] number twenty-five in Sweden,[15] number thirty-seven in Denmark[16] and number forty in the United Kingdom.[13]

Music video

Jackson and background dancers in "Bad"'s music video. The music video was heavily influenced by the 1961 film West Side Story.

The full music video for "Bad" is an 18-minute short film written by novelist and screenwriter Richard Price. The video was directed by Martin Scorsese during a period of 6 weeks in the fall of 1987.[22] The video has many references to the 1961 film West Side Story, especially the "Cool" sequence.[23] Not only does it show a street gang dancing in an urban setting, but there are also some parts of the choreography that were influenced by it. The choreographer Gregg Burge confirmed the influence, although they intended to do a more contemporary version of it.[23] Assistant choreographer Jeffrey Daniel commented, "It's like a train coming across the screen [...] and that's the effect I was looking for and it worked".[23]

In the video, Jackson plays a teenager named Daryl, who has just completed a successful term at an expensive private school. He returns to the city by subway, arriving in a derelict neighborhood. Daryl arrives to find his house empty (his mother is played by Roberta Flack, albeit in voiceover), but is greeted by his old friends, led by Mini Max (an emerging Wesley Snipes) and spends an evening with them. At first relations are friendly, if slightly awkward, but the situation deteriorates once the rest of the gang realize how much Daryl has changed, and in particular how uncomfortable he has become with their tendencies towards petty crime. In an attempt to show his friends he is still "bad", Daryl takes the gang to a subway station (The Hoyt Schermerhorn Station in Brooklyn)[22] where he attempts to mug an elderly man but changes his mind at the last minute. Mini Max berates Daryl and tells him that he's no longer bad. After more abuse from Mini Max, the video jumps from black and white to color and Daryl, now dressed head to foot in black leather and joined by a crowd of dancing punks, sings "Bad" and dances his moves. His insistences that Max is headed for a fall are nearly Daryl's undoing, but eventually his friend accepts that, and, after a final handshake, heads off leaving Daryl. The scene shifts back to black and white as Daryl, alone and back in his tracksuit, watches them leave.

The music video to the song used an audio track different from the original album recording, using another instrumental organ solo in the middle of the song. This version hasn't been commercially released.

The video premiered on primetime on the CBS Television Network, on August 31, 1987, on the primetime special Michael Jackson: The Magic Returns.[24]

The music video was included on the video albums: Video Greatest Hits - HIStory (long version on DVD and short version in VHS), Number Ones (short version), Michael Jackson's Vision (long version) and the Target version DVD of Bad 25 (short version).

The music video received one nomination at the 1988 MTV Video Music Awards Ceremony.[25] The video, alongside Jackson's '"The Way You Make Me Feel" video, was nominated for Best Choreography, but lost to Jackson's younger sister Janet's video "Pleasure Principle".[25] After Jackson's death in June 2009, City Councilwoman Letitia James began trying to convince the agency to rename or co-name the station or to hang a plaque at the station in Jackson's honor, but her request was denied by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority of New York in September 2009.[22] James commented, "Having Michael Jackson visit and moonwalk at this station was a huge deal not only for Brooklyn, but all of New York in the '80s [...] And renaming this station in his honor would put it on the map and help ensure that people don't forget."[22] A source from the MTA commented that no subway stations in the MTA system are named or co-named after individuals, mostly because it could confuse riders.[22]

Live performances

"Bad" was performed during Jackson's Bad world tour concert series from 1987 to 1989, in both the first and second leg, as the final song in the first leg and sixteenth song in the second leg in the setlist. The song was also included on the first leg only of Jackson's Dangerous World Tour. A live version of the song is available on the DVD Live at Wembley July 16, 1988. Jackson also would have performed it for the This Is It concert series, but the shows were canceled, due to his sudden death.

Cover versions

Track listings and formats

Official versions

  • Album version – 4:06
  • 7" single mix (new album version) – 4:06
  • Dance extended mix includes "false fade" – 8:23
  • Dance remix radio edit – 4:56
  • Dub version – 4:06
  • A cappella – 3:49
  • Afrojack Club Mix – 7:36
  • Afrojack remix featuring Pitbull DJ Buddha Edit – 4:31

Personnel

Charts

Order of precedence
Preceded by Dutch Top 40 number-one single
October 3, 1987 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Eurochart Hot 100 Singles number-one single
October 3, 1987 – November 7, 1987 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Billboard Hot Black Singles number-one single
October 17, 1987 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Billboard Hot 100 number-one single
October 24, 1987 – October 31, 1987 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Billboard Hot Dance Club Play number-one single
November 7, 1987 – November 14, 1987 		Succeeded by

2012 reissue

"Bad"
Song

On August 14, 2012, the remix was released as a digital single via iTunes[43] and Amazon.com.[44] It is a new remix of the 1987 hit "Bad" worked on as a collaboration between Afrojack, DJ Buddha and Pitbull.[45]

Track listing

  1. Bad (Afrojack Remix) [feat. Pitbull] [DJ Buddha Edit] - Single - 4:29
  • HMV Exclusive CD Single (HMV Bad 25 pre-order only bonus CD)[46]
  1. Bad [Remix By Afrojack Featuring Pitbull - The Derry Mix] - 3:54

Chart performance

As a digital single prior to the album release, the single appeared on several country's music charts. It debuted at Number 52 on Billboard Japan Hot 100 chart as the title "Bad 2012" on the week of September 15, 2012,[47] and peaked at Number 6 several weeks later. It also appeared on US Billboard Dance/Electronic Digital Songs Chart with Number 45 for one week on September 1, 2012.[48] On the week of September 29, 2012, it debuted on Hot Dance Club Songs chart at Number 42,[49] and peaked at Number 18.

Critical reception

This remix received negative reviews from the music criticism. Randall Roberts from Los Angeles Times Pop Music Critic said, the song is "an insult" to Jackson memory, and the remix is "so ungracefully"[50] Evan Sawdey from PopMatters said, the version "with two guest verses from Pitbull, is just outright trash"[51] MisterCharlie from supajam.com reviews this single extremely negative.[52] The single's review from The Guardian said it was "a clubbed-up remix featuring the world's worst rapper".[53]

Chart

Chart (2012) Peak
position
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[18] 45
Japan Hot 100 Singles[47] 6
US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play[49] 18

Notes

  1. ^ "Michael Jackson's Life & Legacy: The Eccentric King Of Pop (1986–1999)". VH1.com. Viacom. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
  2. ^ Jackson 1988
  3. ^ a b c Michael: In His Own Words. Exclusive Ebony/Jet Showcase Bad Interview. Hulu.com. 1988.
  4. ^ a b c "Bad – Michael Jackson Digital Sheet Music (Digital Download)". MusicNotes.com. Alfred Publishing Co. Inc. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
  5. ^ a b c d e Davitt Sigerson (2001). "Album Reviews: "Bad"". Rolling Stone. Wenner Media LLC. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  6. ^ Stephen Thomas Erlewine. "Bad > Overview". Allmusic.com. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved 2010-03-13.
  7. ^ a b Stephen Thomas Erlewine. "Bad > Song Review". Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved 2010-03-13.
  8. ^ "Michael Jackson: Reviews". Ca.Music.Yahoo.com. Yahoo! Inc. 1987-01-01. Retrieved 2010-03-13. [dead link]
  9. ^ "October 10, 1987". Billboard.com. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. Archived from the original on 17 March 2010. Retrieved 2010-03-12. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ "October 24, 1987". Billboard.com. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. Archived from the original on 17 March 2010. Retrieved 2010-03-12. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ "October 31, 1987". Billboard.com. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. Archived from the original on 17 March 2010. Retrieved 2010-03-12. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ a b c d e f g "Bad awards on Allmusic". Allmusic. Retrieved 14 July 2013.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g "Michael Jackson". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 14 July 2013.
  14. ^ a b "Bad in Canadian Top Singles Chart". Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 14 July 2013.
  15. ^ a b c d e "Michael Jackson – Bad". Singles Top 100.
  16. ^ a b c d e "Michael Jackson – Bad" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
  17. ^ a b c "Michael Jackson – Bad". Top 40 Singles.
  18. ^ a b c d e "Michael Jackson – Bad" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40.
  19. ^ a b c d e "Michael Jackson – Bad" (in Dutch). Single Top 100.
  20. ^ a b c d e "Michael Jackson – Bad" Canciones Top 50.
  21. ^ a b c d "Michael Jackson – Bad". Top Digital Download.
  22. ^ a b c d e Calder, Rich (2009-09-02). "Jacko Off Tracko". New York Post. Retrieved 2010-03-09.
  23. ^ a b c "'Bad' Choreographer Remembers Michael Jackson". National Public Radio. 2009-06-29. Archived from the original on 28 January 2010. Retrieved 2010-03-09. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  24. ^ http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=IY5SAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ZHsMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3213,311426&dq=martin+scorsese+michael+jackson+minute&hl=en
  25. ^ a b "MTV Video Music Awards – 1988". MTV. Viacom. Archived from the original on 8 March 2010. Retrieved 2010-03-04. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  26. ^ "Michael Jackson Remembered: "Weird Al" Yankovic on Imitation as Flattery". RollingStone.com. Wenner Media LLC. 2009-07-09. Retrieved 2010-02-07.
  27. ^ a b "Michael Jackson – Tribute". MTV.com. Viacom. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 2010-03-04. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  28. ^ Pop Eater Staff (2010-01-27). "Filipino Prisoners Dance to Michael Jackson's 'They Don't Care About Us'". PopEater.com. AOL Inc. Archived from the original on 31 March 2010. Retrieved 2010-03-04. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  29. ^ "The Fringemunks: The iPad Song (parody of "Bad" by Michael Jackson)". The Fringemunks. 2010-02-02. Retrieved 2010-05-22.
  30. ^ Gary Trust (2012-02-10). "Weekly Chart Notes: Madonna, Michael Jackson, 'Godspell'". Billboard.com. Retrieved 2012-02-13.
  31. ^ a b "Michael Jackson – Bad". ARIA Top 50 Singles.
  32. ^ "Bad in Canadian Adult Contemporary Chart". Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 10 June 2013.
  33. ^ a b "Michael Jackson – Bad" (in French). Les classement single.
  34. ^ a b "Bad in Irish Chart". IRMA. Retrieved 14 July 2013. 4th result of the 11th page when searching "Michael Jackson" and 1st result when searching "Bad (re-issue)
  35. ^ "The best-selling singles of 1987 in Italy". HitParadeItalia (it). Retrieved 14 July 2013.
    5. Bad - Michael Jackson [#1, 1987/88]
  36. ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – Michael Jackson" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40.
  37. ^ "Michael Jackson – Bad". VG-lista.
  38. ^ John Samson. "Bad in South African Chart". Retrieved 14 July 2013.
  39. ^ Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. ISBN 84-8048-639-2. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  40. ^ a b "Michael Jackson – Bad". Swiss Singles Chart.
  41. ^ "Michael Jackson – Bad". Tracklisten.
  42. ^ "Hungarian Singles Chart Archives". Mahasz. Retrieved February 3, 2011.
  43. ^ a b "iTunes - Music - Bad (Afrojack Remix) (feat. Pitbull) (DJ Buddha Edit) - Single by Michael Jackson". Apple Inc. iTunes. Retrieved 2012-08-14.
  44. ^ "Amazon.com - Bad (Remix By Afrojack Featuring Pitbull- DJ Buddha Edit) - Michael Jackson featuring Pitbull - MP3 Downloads". Amazon.com. 2012-08-14. Retrieved 2012-08-14.
  45. ^ "Official Track List of Bad 25th Anniversary Special Edition is Unveiled". Sony Music. Michaeljackson.com. 2012-08-06. Retrieved 2012-08-14.
  46. ^ "Bad (Remix By Afrojack Featuring Pitbull - The Derry Mix)". discogs.com. Retrieved 2012-10-03.
  47. ^ a b "Japan Hot 100 Singles 2012-09-15". billboard.biz. Retrieved 2012-09-13.
  48. ^ "Dance/Electronic Digital Songs 2012-09-01". Retrieved 2012-09-12.
  49. ^ a b "Chart Highlights: Christina Aguilera's 'Body' Dances Onto Pop Songs - Chart Beat". Billboard.com. 2012-09-17. Retrieved 2012-09-18.
  50. ^ Randall Roberts (2012-09-18). "Michael Jackson's 'Bad 25' box: Is it worth your time and money?". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2012-09-24.
  51. ^ "Michael Jackson: Bad 25 Deluxe Edition". 2012-09-21. Retrieved 2012-09-24.
  52. ^ "Single Review: Michael Jackson ft Pitbull - Bad (Afrojack Remix)". 2012-09-17. Retrieved 2012-09-14.
  53. ^ "New music: Michael Jackson – Bad (Remix by Afrojack feat Pitbull)". Guardian.co.uk. 2012-09-17. Retrieved 2012-09-24.

References

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