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{{Infobox military conflict
⚫
{{Campaignbox Boshin War}}
| conflict = Fall of Edo
⚫
The '''Fall of Edo''' (Japanese: 江戸開城) took place between May and July 1868, when the Japanese capital of [[Edo]] (modern [[Tokyo]]), theretofore controlled by the [[Tokugawa Shogunate]], fell to forces favorable to the restoration of [[Emperor Meiji]] during the [[Boshin war]].
| image = Surrender of Edo Castle (Meiji Memorial Picture Gallery).jpg
| image_size = 300px
| caption = Negotiations between [[Saigō Takamori]] and [[Katsu Kaishū]] regarding the surrender of the capital, painted by {{illm|Yūki Somei|ja|結城素明}}, 1935
| partof = the [[Boshin War]]
| date = July 1868
| place = [[Edo]]
| result = Surrender of [[Edo Castle]]
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| campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Boshin War}}
}}


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The {{nihongo|'''Fall of Edo'''|江戸開城|Edo Kaijō|lead=yes}}, also known as {{nihongo|'''Edojō Akewatashi'''|江戸城明け渡し|Evacuation of Edo Castle}} and {{nihongo|'''Edo Muketsu Kaijō'''|江戸無血開城|Bloodless Opening of Edo Castle}}, took place in May and July 1868, when the Japanese capital of [[Edo]] (modern [[Tokyo]]), controlled by the [[Tokugawa shogunate]], fell to forces favorable to the restoration of [[Emperor Meiji]] during the [[Boshin War]].
⚫
[[Saigō Takamori]], leading the victorious imperial forces north and east through Japan, had won the [[Battle of Kōshū-Katsunuma]] in the approaches to the capital. He was eventually able to surround [[Edo]] in May 1868.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=gxItA6-7RwIC&pg=PA96 ''Meiji Japan'' Peter F. Kornicki, p.96]</ref>


⚫
[[Saigō Takamori]], leading the victorious imperial forces north and east through Japan, had won the [[Battle of Kōshū-Katsunuma]] in the approaches to the capital. He was eventually able to surround [[Edo]] in May 1868.<ref>Kornicki, Peter F. (1998). ''Meiji Japan'', p. 96.</ref>
⚫
[[Katsu Kaishu]], the [[Shogun]]'s Army Minister, negotiated the surrender, which was unconditional.<ref name="books.google.com">[http://books.google.com/books?id=t2-OmUA-EscC&pg=PA8 ''Japan Goes to War'' Dorothy Perkins, p.8]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=3bf4g447YdcC&pg=PA342 ''The making of modern Japan'' Marius B. Jansen, p.342]</ref>


⚫
[[Katsu Kaishū]], the ''[[shōgun]]''{{'}}s Army Minister, negotiated the surrender, which was unconditional.<ref name="books.google.com">Perkins, Dorothy. (1997). {{Google books|t2-OmUA-EscC|''Japan Goes to War'', p. 8.|page=8}}; Marius Jansen. (1995). {{Google books|3bf4g447YdcC|''The making of modern Japan'', p. 342.|page=342}}</ref>
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[[Image:UenoSenso.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Battle of Ueno]] was the final encounter leading to the complete fall of Edo.]]

⚫
[[Image:UenoSenso.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Battle of Ueno]] was the final encounter leading to the Fall of Edo.]]
Some groups continued to resist after this formal surrender but were defeated in the [[Battle of Ueno]] in northeastern Tokyo, on 4 July 1868. The city was fully under control in July 1868.<ref name="books.google.com"/> During that time, [[Tokugawa Yoshinobu]] had been under voluntary confinement at [[Kan'ei-ji]] temple.
Some groups continued to resist after this formal surrender but were defeated in the [[Battle of Ueno]] in northeastern Tokyo, on 4 July 1868. The city was fully under control in July 1868.<ref name="books.google.com"/> During that time, [[Tokugawa Yoshinobu]] had been under voluntary confinement at [[Kan'ei-ji]] temple.


[[Image:MeijiJoukyou.jpg|thumb|The 16-year old [[Meiji Emperor]], moving from [[Kyoto]] to [[Tokyo]], end of 1868, after the fall of Edo.]]
[[Image:MeijiJoukyou.jpg|thumb|The 16-year-old [[Meiji Emperor]], moving from [[Kyoto]] to [[Tokyo]], end of 1868, after the Fall of Edo]]
On 3 September 1868, the city was renamed [[Tokyo]] (lit. "Eastern capital"), and the Meiji Emperor moved his capital to Tokyo, electing residence in [[Edo castle]], today's [[Tokyo Imperial Palace|Imperial Palace]].<ref name="books.google.com"/>
On 3 September 1868, the city was renamed [[Tokyo]] ("Eastern capital"), and the Meiji Emperor moved his capital to Tokyo, electing residence in [[Edo Castle]], today's [[Tokyo Imperial Palace|Imperial Palace]].<ref name="books.google.com"/>


A small monument has been erected at the location of the surrender meeting between Saigo Takamori and Katsu Kaishu, at [[Minato, Tokyo|Minato-ku]], [[Shiba, Tokyo|Shiba]] 5-33-1, two minutes from [[Tamachi Station (Tokyo)|Tamachi Station]].
A small monument has been erected at the location of the surrender meeting between Saigō Takamori and Katsu Kaishū, at [[Minato, Tokyo|Minato-ku]], [[Shiba, Tokyo|Shiba]] 5-33-1.

==Cultural depictions==
The Fall of Edo was depicted in various films and television series:

;Film
*''Edojō Sōzeme'' (1930, dir. Seika Shiba)
*''[[Edo Saigo no Hi]]'' (1941, dir. [[Hiroshi Inagaki]])
*''Dai Tokyo Tanjō Ōedo no Kane'' (1958, dir. Tatsuyasu Ōsone)

;Television drama
*[[Taiga drama]]
**''San Shimai'' (1967), 5th taiga drama
**''Katsu Kaishū'' (1974), 12th taiga drama
**''Tobu ga Gotoku'' (1990), 28th taiga drama
**''Tokugawa Yoshinobu'' (1998); 37th taiga drama
**''[[Atsuhime (TV series)|Atsuhime]]'' (2008); 47th taiga drama
**''[[Segodon]]'' (2018); 57th taiga drama
*Other
**''[[Ōoku (2003 TV series)|Ōoku]]'' (2003)


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

==References==
*[[Marius Jansen|Jansen, Marius B.]] (2000). ''The Making of Modern Japan''. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. {{ISBN|9780674003347}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44090600 OCLC 44090600]
*[[Peter Kornicki|Kornicki, Peter]]. (1998). ''Meiji Japan: Political, Economic and Social History, 1868–1912''. London: Routledge. {{ISBN|9780415156189}}; {{ISBN|9780415156196}}; {{ISBN|9780415156202}}; {{ISBN|9780415156219}}; {{ISBN|9780415156226}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/470242993 OCLC 470242993]
*[[Dorothy Perkins|Perkins, Dorothy]]. (1997). ''Japan Goes to War: a Chronology of Japanese Military Expansion from the Meiji Era to the Attack on Pearl Harbor (1868–1941)''. Upland, Pennsylvania: Diane. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/638765414 OCLC 638765414]


{{DEFAULTSORT:Fall Of Edo}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fall Of Edo}}
[[Category:1868 in Japan]]
[[Category:Boshin War]]
[[Category:Boshin War]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1868]]

[[Category:Sieges involving Japan]]
[[ja:江戸開城]]
[[Category:Military history of Tokyo]]

Latest revision as of 12:47, 21 February 2024

Fall of Edo
Part of the Boshin War

Negotiations between Saigō Takamori and Katsu Kaishū regarding the surrender of the capital, painted by Yūki Somei [ja], 1935
DateJuly 1868
Location
Edo
Result Surrender of Edo Castle

The Fall of Edo (Japanese: 江戸開城, Hepburn: Edo Kaijō), also known as Edojō Akewatashi (江戸城明け渡し, Evacuation of Edo Castle) and Edo Muketsu Kaijō (江戸無血開城, Bloodless Opening of Edo Castle), took place in May and July 1868, when the Japanese capital of Edo (modern Tokyo), controlled by the Tokugawa shogunate, fell to forces favorable to the restoration of Emperor Meiji during the Boshin War.

Saigō Takamori, leading the victorious imperial forces north and east through Japan, had won the Battle of Kōshū-Katsunuma in the approaches to the capital. He was eventually able to surround Edo in May 1868.[1]

Katsu Kaishū, the shōgun's Army Minister, negotiated the surrender, which was unconditional.[2]

The Battle of Ueno was the final encounter leading to the Fall of Edo.

Some groups continued to resist after this formal surrender but were defeated in the Battle of Ueno in northeastern Tokyo, on 4 July 1868. The city was fully under control in July 1868.[2] During that time, Tokugawa Yoshinobu had been under voluntary confinement at Kan'ei-ji temple.

The 16-year-old Meiji Emperor, moving from Kyoto to Tokyo, end of 1868, after the Fall of Edo

On 3 September 1868, the city was renamed Tokyo ("Eastern capital"), and the Meiji Emperor moved his capital to Tokyo, electing residence in Edo Castle, today's Imperial Palace.[2]

A small monument has been erected at the location of the surrender meeting between Saigō Takamori and Katsu Kaishū, at Minato-ku, Shiba 5-33-1.

Cultural depictions

[edit]

The Fall of Edo was depicted in various films and television series:

Film
Television drama
  • Taiga drama
    • San Shimai (1967), 5th taiga drama
    • Katsu Kaishū (1974), 12th taiga drama
    • Tobu ga Gotoku (1990), 28th taiga drama
    • Tokugawa Yoshinobu (1998); 37th taiga drama
    • Atsuhime (2008); 47th taiga drama
    • Segodon (2018); 57th taiga drama
  • Other

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Kornicki, Peter F. (1998). Meiji Japan, p. 96.
  2. ^ a b c Perkins, Dorothy. (1997). Japan Goes to War, p. 8., p. 8, at Google Books; Marius Jansen. (1995). The making of modern Japan, p. 342., p. 342, at Google Books

References

[edit]
  • Jansen, Marius B. (2000). The Making of Modern Japan. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674003347; OCLC 44090600
  • Kornicki, Peter. (1998). Meiji Japan: Political, Economic and Social History, 1868–1912. London: Routledge. ISBN 9780415156189; ISBN 9780415156196; ISBN 9780415156202; ISBN 9780415156219; ISBN 9780415156226; OCLC 470242993
  • Perkins, Dorothy. (1997). Japan Goes to War: a Chronology of Japanese Military Expansion from the Meiji Era to the Attack on Pearl Harbor (1868–1941). Upland, Pennsylvania: Diane. OCLC 638765414
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