Macedonian Americans: Difference between revisions
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{{Ethnic Macedonians}} |
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'''Macedonian Americans''' ({{lang-mk|Македонски Американци, ''Makedonski Amerikanci''}}) are Americans of [[Macedonians (ethnic group)|Macedonian]] descent. |
'''Macedonian Americans''' ({{lang-mk|Македонски Американци, ''Makedonski Amerikanci''}}) are Americans of [[Macedonians (ethnic group)|ethnic Macedonian]] descent. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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Revision as of 12:03, 19 March 2012
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Macedonian Americans ([Македонски Американци, Makedonski Amerikanci] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help)) are Americans of ethnic Macedonian descent.
History
The first Macedonian American immigrants came from the border regions in the north of what is today Greek Macedonia, primarily the regions near Kastoria (Kostur), Florina (Lerin), and the south-west of the Republic of Macedonia, notably around Bitola. It is estimated that around 50,000 Macedonians emigrated to the United States between 1903 and 1906, but the outbreak of the Balkan Wars and World War I stopped the flow. Around 20,000 remained in the US and the rest returned home. The immigrants were predominately peasants, with the remainder including craftsmen, workers and intellectuals. Immigration restarted after the wars; most of the new immigrants were ethnic Macedonians from Greece, many of whom had been expelled from Greek Macedonia in the 1920s. Since the 1920s and 1930s the Macedonian language has been recorded in American censa.[2][3] Around 50,000-60,000 Macedonians had emigrated to the US by the end of World War II. At that time and later they were largely classified as Bulgarians.[4][5][6]
Post World War II
The aftermath of the war led to a fresh round of Macedonian immigration, primarily from Greece, as a consequence of ethnic Macedonians being expelled by the post-war Greek government or otherwise encouraged to leave after the Greek civil war of 1946-49. 70,000 emigrated to Canada, Australia, the US and other European countries. After Yugoslavia liberalised its emigration policies in 1960, another 40,000 Macedonians emigrated during the period 1960-77. Most have been economic migrants rather than political dissidents. At that time most of the Americans born of Macedonian Bulgarian descent have hardly any knowledge of Bulgaria and increasingly began to identify themselves simply as Macedonians.[7]
Demographics
Many Macedonian Americans live in the Midwest, with the largest community being in Michigan, particularly Detroit, where roughly 10,000 (nearly 20% of all Macedonian Americans) are reported to be living.[8] Other large communities are in Gary, Indiana, Chicago, Illinois, Cleveland, Ohio, and New York City.[9]
Religion
Most Macedonian Americans, especially those immigrating to North America in the last half of the 20th century, belong to the Macedonian Orthodox Church, under the American-Canadian Macedonian Orthodox Diocese. Macedonian Americans immigrating before that time were generally affiliated with either the Bulgarian Orthodox Church[10], the Bulgarian Diocese of the Orthodox Church in America[11] or the Serbian Orthodox Church. Smaller numbers of Macedonian Americans attend parishes affiliated with the Russian Orthodox Church or the Greek Orthodox Church. Through assimilation or intermarriage, many who remain observant are members of the Catholic Church and various Protestant denominations.
There are about 20 Macedonian Orthodox Churches in the United States, of which all but four are located in the Northeast or Midwest.[12] The oldest parish of the Macedonian Orthodox Church in America is the Macedonian Orthodox Cathedral of the Dormition of the Virgin Mary located in Columbus (Reynoldsburg), Ohio. The parish was organized on September 17, 1958.[13]
Macedonian language in the United States
Three universities in the United States, the University of Chicago, Arizona State University, and Indiana University, offer Macedonian language courses.[14]
State totals
Below is a list of the US states with the largest population of Macedonians.[15]
| Rank | State | Total Population |
Macedonian Population |
% Macedonian |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Michigan | 9,883,640 | 9,965 | 0.10% |
| 2 | New York | 19,378,102 | 8,579 | 0.04% |
| 3 | Ohio | 11,536,504 | 4,837 | 0.04% |
| 4 | New Jersey | 8,791,894 | 4,627 | 0.05% |
| 5 | Indiana | 6,483,802 | 4,601 | 0.07% |
| 6 | Illinois | 12,830,632 | 4,055 | 0.03% |
Counties by concentration of Macedonians
| Rank | County | State | % Macedonian |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Macomb | Michigan | 0.4% |
| 2 | Bergen | New Jersey | 0.2% |
As of 2000, 0.5% of residents of Hamtramck, Michigan, an enclave of Detroit, are of Macedonian ancestry.
See also
References
- ^ [1]
- ^ IPUMS USA 1920 Census: Instructions to Enumerators
- ^ IPUMS USA [http://usa.ipums.org/usa/voliii/inst1930.shtml 1930 Census: Instructions to Enumerators
- ^ Elizabeth Shostak, Macedonian americans
- ^ South Slavic immigration in America, Twayne Publishers. A division of G. K. Hall & Co., Boston, George Prpic, John Carroll University, 1976, Chapter 18, The Bulgarians and Macedonians. p. 212 ..."The smallest of the South Slavic ethnic groups in America are the Bulgarians. One branch of them are the Macedonians."...
- ^ Illinois Historical Journal, Vol. 84 (Spring, 1991) The Bulgarian Colony of Southwestern Illinois, 1900-1920, D. E. CASSENS. ..."Bulgarians who settled in the tri-city area were overwhelmingly male and had come predominately from the Bulgarian-speaking parts of Macedonia...".
- ^ Macedonians in the USA, Politics. Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups, p. 692, edited by Stephan Thernstrom 1980, Belknap Press of Harvard University, Reproduced 2001 with permission of the publisher.
- ^ US Demographic Census
- ^ Stephan Thernstrom, Ann Orlov, Oscar Handlin. Harvard encyclopedia of American ethnic groups, pp. 690-94. Harvard University Press, 1980. ISBN 0674375122.
- ^ Bulgarian Eastern Orthodox Diocese Parish Directory
- ^ The Orthodox Church in America, Bulgarian Diocese Parish Directory
- ^ American-Canadian Macedonian Orthodox Eparchy
- ^ Corporate Records of the Ohio Secretary of State
- ^ Macedonian Language E-Learning Centre
- ^ US Demographic Census
- ^ US Demographic Census
- ^ US Demographic Census
External links
- United Macedonian Diaspora
- American-Canadian Macedonian Orthodox Eparchy
- Makedonski Glas-Macedonian Newspaper in USA
- Macedonian Yellow Pages
- Macedonian Community of New Jersey (MCNJ)
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