Southern Schleswig: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Jutland Peninsula map.PNG|thumb|240px|Schleswig and Holstein on the [[Jutland Peninsula]]]] |
[[File:Jutland Peninsula map.PNG|thumb|240px|Schleswig and Holstein on the [[Jutland Peninsula]]]] |
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[[File:Sønderjylland.png|thumb|240px|Northern and Southern Schleswig]] |
[[File:Sønderjylland.png|thumb|240px|Northern and Southern Schleswig]] |
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'''Southern Schleswig''' ({{lang-de|Südschleswig}} or ''Landesteil Schleswig'', {{lang-da|Sydslesvig}}) denotes the southern half of the former [[Duchy of Schleswig]] on the [[Jutland Peninsula]]. The geographical area today covers the thirty or forty northernmost kilometers of [[Germany]] up to the [[Flensburg Fjord]], where it borders [[Denmark]]. Northern Schleswig, congruent with the former [[South Jutland County]], forms the southernmost part of Denmark. |
'''Southern Schleswig''' ({{lang-de|Südschleswig}} or ''Landesteil Schleswig'', {{lang-da|Sydslesvig}}) denotes the southern half of the former [[Duchy of Schleswig]] on the [[Jutland Peninsula]]. The geographical area today covers the thirty or forty northernmost kilometers of [[Germany]] up to the [[Flensburg Fjord]], where it borders [[Denmark]]. Northern Schleswig, congruent with the former [[South Jutland County]], forms the southernmost part of Denmark.[[File:Lyksborg slot 9-7-2005.jpg|thumb|left|Residence of the Danish kings at [[Glücksburg]] Castle]] |
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==History== |
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The Schleswig lands north of the [[Eider (river)|Eider]] river and the [[Bay of Kiel]] had been a [[fief]] of the [[Denmark|Danish Crown]] since the Early Middle Ages. The southern [[Holstein]] region belonged to [[Francia]] and later to the [[Holy Roman Empire]], it was however held as an Imperial fief by the Danish kings since the 1460 [[Treaty of Ribe]]. Both Schleswig and Holstein were therefore administered from [[Copenhagen]], even after the Empire's dissolution, when the Danish kings as dukes of Holstein became monarchs of the [[German Confederation]] in 1815. |
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[[File:Lyksborg slot 9-7-2005.jpg|thumb|left|Residence of the Danish kings at [[Glücksburg]] Castle]] |
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The [[Schleswig-Holstein Question]] at first culminated in the course of the [[Revolutions of 1848]], when from 1848 to 1851 revolting German-speaking [[National liberalism|National liberals]] backed by [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]] fought for the separation of Schleswig and Holstein from Denmark in the [[First Schleswig War]]. Though the ''status quo'' was restored, the conflict lingered on and on 1 February 1864 the German Confederation, i.e. Prussian and [[Austrian Empire|Austrian]] troops crossed the Eider sparking off the [[Second Schleswig War]], after which Denmark had to cede Schleswig and Holstein according to the [[Treaty of Vienna (1864)|Treaty of Vienna]]. After the [[Austro-Prussian War]] of 1866, victorious Prussia took control over all Schleswig and Holstein but was obliged by the [[Peace of Prague (1866)|Peace of Prague]] to hold a referendum in predominantly Danish-speaking Northern Schleswig, which it never did. |
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Not until the German defeat in [[World War I]] the [[Schleswig Plebiscites]] were decreed by the [[Treaty of Versailles (1919)|Treaty of Versailles]], after which the present-day German-Danish border was drawn taking effect on 15 June 1920, dividing Schleswig in a southern and northern part and leaving a considerable Danish and German minority on both sides. |
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==Today== |
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Southern Schleswig is part of the German [[States of Germany|state]] (''Bundesland'') of [[Schleswig-Holstein]], therefore its denotation as ''Landesteil Schleswig''. It does not however form an administrative entity, but consists of the [[Districts of Germany|districts]] (''Landkreise'') of [[Schleswig-Flensburg]], [[Nordfriesland]], the [[Urban districts of Germany|urban district]] (''Kreisfreie Stadt'') of [[Flensburg]] and the northern part of [[Rendsburg-Eckernförde]]. |
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Beside Standard German, [[West Low German|Low Saxon]] dialects ([[Schleswigsch]]) are spoken, as well as [[Danish language|Danish]] (''Sydslesvigsk'' or ''Sydslesvigdansk'') and its [[South Jutlandic]] variant, furthermore [[North Frisian language|North Frisian]] in the west. Many of the inhabitants who only speak German and not Danish do not consider the region any different from the rest of Schleswig-Holstein. This notion is disputed by those defining themselves as [[Danes]], South Schleswigans or Schleswigans, particularly historians and people organised in the institutions of the [[Danish minority of Southern Schleswig]], such as the [[South Schleswig Voter Federation]]. Last names found in the region are very often of Scandinavian or Danish form, with the ''-sen'' endings like Petersen. |
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The major cities of Southern Schleswig are [[Flensburg]], [[Rendsburg]], the city of [[Schleswig (city)|Schleswig]], and [[Husum, Germany|Husum]]. |
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Revision as of 17:57, 8 July 2013
Southern Schleswig (German: Südschleswig or Landesteil Schleswig, Template:Lang-da) denotes the southern half of the former Duchy of Schleswig on the Jutland Peninsula. The geographical area today covers the thirty or forty northernmost kilometers of Germany up to the Flensburg Fjord, where it borders Denmark. Northern Schleswig, congruent with the former South Jutland County, forms the southernmost part of Denmark.
