ابریشم

Persian

Alternative forms

• بریشم (barišam) (poetic, obsolete)
• افریشم (afrišam) (archaic)

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾp̄lyšwm,ʾp̄lyšm /⁠abrēšom⁠/, “silk”), from Proto-Iranian *upawraišamah. Compare Luri ۏریشںم (örişəm) and Old Armenian loanword ապրիշում (aprišum, “silk”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔaβ.ɾeː.ˈʃam], [ʔaβ.ɾeː.ˈʃum]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäb.ɾeː.ʃǽm], [ʔäb.ɾeː.ʃʊ́m]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäb.ɾeː.ʃǽm], [ʔäb.ɾeː.ʃʊ́m]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔäb.ɾeː.ʃǽm], [ʔäb.ɾeː.ʃʊ́m]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔäb.ɾeː.ʃǽm], [ʔäb.ɾeː.ʃúm]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔæb.ɹiː.ʃǽm], [ʔæb.ɹiː.ʃóm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäb.ɾe.ʃím]

Readings
Classical reading?	aḇrēšam, aḇrēšum
Dari reading?	abrēšam, abrēšum
Iranian reading?	abrišam, abrišom
Tajik reading?	abrešim

Noun

Dari	ابریشم
Iranian Persian
Tajik	абрешим

ابریشم • (abrišam, abrišom)

1. silk

Derived terms

• ابریشم‌بافی (abrišam-bâfi)
• ابریشمی (abrišami)
• ابریشمین (abrišamin)
• راه ابریشم (râh-e abrišam)
• کرم ابریشم (kerm-e abrišam)

Descendants

• → Arabic: أبريسم (ʔabrīsam, ʔabrīsim), إبريسم (ʔibrīsam, ʔibrīsim)
• → Bengali: রেশম (reśom)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: रेशम (reśam)

  Urdu: ریشم (rešam)

• → Khalaj: bêşimi
• → Old Georgian: აბრეშუმი (abrešumi) (or from the Middle Persian ancestor)
  • Georgian: აბრეშუმი (abrešumi)
    • → Bats: აფშრულ (apšrul)
    • → Mingrelian: აბრეშუმი (abrešumi), არეშუმი (arešumi), არუშუმი (arušumi)
    • → Svan: აბრეშუ̂იმ (abrešûim)
• → Ottoman Turkish: ابرشیم (ibrişim)
  • Turkish: ibrişim
  • → Bulgarian: ибриши́м (ibriším)
  • → Macedonian: и́бришим (íbrišim)
  • → Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ибрѝшим

    Latin script: ibrìšim

• → Sylheti: ꠞꠦꠡꠝ (reśom)
• → Udi: абришӏум (abriš:um)

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “abrēšom”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 4