匿

匿 U+533F, 匿 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-533F ← 匾 [U+533E] CJK Unified Ideographs 區 → [U+5340]

匿 U+F9EB, 匿 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9EB ← 離 [U+F9EA] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 溺 → [U+F9EC]

Translingual

Han character

匿 (Kangxi radical 23, 匸+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 尸廿大口 (STKR), four-corner 7171₆, composition ⿷匸若)

Derived characters

• 𭸢

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 155, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2690
• Dae Jaweon: page 347, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 86, character 12
• Unihan data for U+533F

• Unihan data for U+F9EB

Chinese

trad.		匿
simp. #		匿

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 匿
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (匿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
暱	*niɡ
慝	*n̥ʰɯːɡ
匿	*nɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *nɯɡ) : semantic 匸 + phonetic 若 (OC *nja, *njaʔ, *njaɡ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-maŋ ~ s-mak (“black; dark; ink”) or Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nak (“black”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nì (ni⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nik¹ / nik⁶ / nei¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ni̍t
• Jin (Wiktionary): neh⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): le̍k / lia̍k
• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁸gniq

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nì
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nì
    • Wade–Giles: ni⁴
    • Yale: nì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nih
    • Palladius: ни (ni)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: nik¹ / nik⁶ / nei¹
    • Yale: nīk / nihk / nēi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nik⁷ / nik⁹ / nei¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: nig¹ / nig⁶ / néi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɪk̚⁵/, /nɪk̚²/, /nei̯⁵⁵/

Note:

• nik1, nik6 - literary;
• nei1 - vernacular (“to hide”).

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ni̍t
    • Hakka Romanization System: nid
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nid⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /nit̚⁵/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: neh⁴
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /nəʔ²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: le̍k
    • Tâi-lô: li̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lek
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /liɪk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɪk̚¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lia̍k
    • Tâi-lô: lia̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liak
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /liak̚²⁴/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁸gniq
    • MiniDict: nyih^入
    • MiniDict: nyeh^入
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵nyiq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲiɪʔ¹²/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /n̠ʲiɪʔ²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /n̠ʲiəʔ²³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 匿
Mandarin	Beijing	/ni⁵¹/
	Harbin	/ni⁵³/
	Tianjin	/ni⁵³/
	Jinan	/ȵi²¹/
	Qingdao	/ni⁴²/ /mi²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ni³¹²/
	Xi'an	/ni²¹/
	Xining	/mji²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/ni¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ȵi¹³/
	Ürümqi	/ȵi²¹³/
	Wuhan	/ni²¹³/
	Chengdu	/ȵie³¹/
	Guiyang	/ni²¹/
	Kunming	/ni³¹/
	Nanjing	/liʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/liəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/nəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/ȵiʌʔ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/niəʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ȵiɪʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/ȵiəʔ³/
	Hangzhou	/ȵiəʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/ȵai²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/ni²²/
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/ȵi²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/ȵi²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/nit̚⁵/
	Taoyuan	/nit̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/nek̚⁵/
	Nanning	/nek̚⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/nek̚⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/lik̚⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/niʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/ni²⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/nek̚⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/nek̚⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: nrik

Rime
Character	匿
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	職 (134)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	女力切
Baxter	nrik
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/niek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳik̚/
Li Rong	/niək̚/
Wang Li	/nĭək̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ni̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nik6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*nr[ə]k/

  (Zhengzhang): /*nɯɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	匿
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nì
Middle Chinese	‹ nrik ›
Old Chinese	/*nr[ə]k/
English	conceal
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	匿
Reading #	1/1
No.	9481
Phonetic component	匿
Rime group	職
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	匿
Old Chinese	/*nɯɡ/
Notes	說文若聲

Definitions

匿

1. to flee
2. to hide; to go into hiding
3. to conceal; to hold back
4. secretly

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 躲 (“to hide”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		躲藏, 藏躲, 躲
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	藏, 貓
	Taiwan	躲, 藏
	Singapore	躲
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	藏
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	藏, 卻
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	藏, 躲
	Wuhan	躲
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	躲
	Hefei	藏
Cantonese	Guangzhou	匿, 匿埋
	Hong Kong	匿, 匿埋
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	摒
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	摒埋
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	摒
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	摒
	Macau	匿埋
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	匿埋
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	摒埋
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	匿埋
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	揞埋
	Foshan	匿埋
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	匿埋
	Foshan (Shunde)	匿埋
	Foshan (Sanshui)	匿埋
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	匿埋
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	匿埋
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	揞埋
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	匿埋
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	匿埋
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	摒埋
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	匿埋, 摒埋
	Taishan	匿
	Kaiping (Chikan)	匿
	Enping (Niujiang)	匿
	Heshan (Yayao)	匿埋
	Dongguan	求埋
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	匿埋
	Yangjiang	餌, 伏
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	匿埋
Gan	Nanchang	躲
Hakka	Meixian	摒
	Hong Kong	摒
	Senai (Huiyang)	摒
Jin	Taiyuan	躲
Northern Min	Jian'ou	儲
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	屈, 覭
Southern Min	Xiamen	覕, 囥
	Quanzhou	覕, 囥
	Zhangzhou	覕, 踮
	Taipei	覕
	Kaohsiung	覕
	Yilan	覕
	Changhua (Lukang)	覕
	Taichung	覕
	Tainan	覕
	Kinmen	覕
	Penghu (Magong)	覕
	Singapore (Hokkien)	覕
	Manila (Hokkien)	覕
	Datian	逃
	Chaozhou	踮, 覕
	Shantou	踮, 覕
	Jieyang	踮, 覕
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	踮
	Wenchang	逃
	Haikou	逃
Wu	Shanghai	囥, 𨒃, 迓
	Suzhou	𨒃, 匽, 迓
	Wuxi	迓
	Ningbo	幽
	Wenzhou	埋, 縮, 躲
	Jinhua	幽
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	幽
Xiang	Changsha	躲
	Shuangfeng	躲

Compounds

• 伏匿
• 伏匿匿
• 側匿 / 侧匿
• 匿伏 (nìfú)
• 匿功
• 匿名 (nìmíng)
• 匿喪 / 匿丧
• 匿埋 (nei1 maai4)
• 匿報 / 匿报
• 匿居
• 匿年
• 匿影藏形 (nìyǐngcángxíng)
• 匿怨
• 匿情
• 匿戶 / 匿户
• 匿拐
• 匿案
• 匿竄 / 匿窜
• 匿笑
• 匿藏 (nìcáng)
• 匿跡 / 匿迹 (nìjì)
• 匿跡潛形 / 匿迹潜形
• 匿跡銷聲 / 匿迹销声
• 匿跡隱形 / 匿迹隐形
• 布匿戰爭 / 布匿战争
• 幺匿 (yāonì)
• 弢跡匿光 / 弢迹匿光
• 服匿
• 洗垢匿瑕
• 消聲匿跡 / 消声匿迹
• 潛匿 / 潜匿
• 潛形匿跡 / 潜形匿迹
• 竄匿 / 窜匿 (cuànnì)
• 蔽匿
• 藏匿 (cángnì)
• 藏形匿影
• 辟匿
• 逃匿 (táonì)
• 遁名匿跡 / 遁名匿迹
• 避匿 (bìnì)
• 銷聲匿跡 / 销声匿迹 (xiāoshēngnìjì)
• 隱匿 / 隐匿 (yǐnnì)
• 韜聲匿跡 / 韬声匿迹
• 高悝匿孤

 

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tè (te⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄜˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tè
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tè
    • Wade–Giles: tʻê⁴
    • Yale: tè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: teh
    • Palladius: тэ (tɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɤ⁵¹/

Definitions

匿

1. Alternative form of 慝 (tè, “evil; wicked; wicked thoughts”)

Japanese

Kanji

匿

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: にょく (nyoku)
• Kan-on: じょく (joku)^{←ぢよく (dyoku, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: とく (toku, Jōyō)
• Kun: かくれる (kakureru, 匿れる)、かくす (kakusu, 匿す)、かくまう (kakumau, 匿う)

Noun

匿(とく) • (toku) 

1. shelter
2. hide

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 匿 (MC nrik).

Historical readings

• Recorded as Middle Korean 닉〮 (Yale: ník) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
• Recorded as Middle Korean 릭 (lik) (Yale: lik) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [nik̚] ~ [ik̚]
• Phonetic hangul: [닉/익]

Hanja

Wikisource

匿 (eumhun 숨길 닉 (sumgil nik), word-initial (South Korea) 숨길 익 (sumgil ik))

1. hanja form^? of [[닉/익#Korean:_匿|닉/익]] (“to hide”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 은닉 (隱匿, eunnik)
• 익명 (匿名, ingmyeong)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

匿: Hán Việt readings: nặc
匿: Nôm readings: nắc, nác, nước, nặc

1. chữ Hán form of nặc.