坡

See also: 坂

坡 U+5761, 坡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5761 ← 坠 [U+5760] CJK Unified Ideographs 坢 → [U+5762]

Translingual

Han character

坡 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 土木竹水 (GDHE), four-corner 4414₇, composition ⿰土皮)

Derived characters

• 𠶊, 𣔡, 𤊫, 𤷵, 𪸁

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 226, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4966
• Dae Jaweon: page 461, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 436, character 1
• Unihan data for U+5761

Chinese

simp. and trad.		坡

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (皮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
陂	*pral, *prals
詖	*pral, *prals
彼	*pralʔ
柀	*pralʔ
佊	*pralʔ, *prals
貱	*prals
跛	*prals, *paːlʔ
披	*pʰral, *pʰralʔ
鈹	*pʰral
帔	*pʰral, *pʰrals
鮍	*pʰral
耚	*pʰral
狓	*pʰral
翍	*pʰral
旇	*pʰral, *brals
秛	*pʰral, *pʰrals
紴	*pʰralʔ, *paːl
皮	*bral
疲	*bral
被	*bralʔ, *brals
髲	*brals
鞁	*brals
骳	*mbralʔ
波	*paːl
碆	*paːl, *baːl
菠	*paːl
簸	*paːlʔ, *paːls
駊	*paːlʔ, *pʰaːlʔ
頗	*pʰaːl, *pʰaːlʔ, *pʰaːls
坡	*pʰaːl
玻	*pʰaːl
破	*pʰaːls
婆	*baːl
蔢	*baːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰaːl) : semantic 土 (“dirt”) + phonetic 皮 (OC *bral).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pō (po¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄛ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): bo¹ / po¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): bo¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): phô

  (Meixian, Guangdong): bo¹

• Northern Min (KCR): pó̤
• Eastern Min (BUC): pŏ̤
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): pho / po / po͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bo¹

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹phu / ¹pho

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pō
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄛ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: po
    • Wade–Giles: pʻo¹
    • Yale: pwō
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: po
    • Palladius: по (po)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bo¹ / po¹
    • Yale: bō / pō
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bo¹ / po¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: bo¹ / po¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔː⁵⁵/, /pʰɔː⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: bo¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pᵘɔ³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phô
    • Hakka Romanization System: po^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: po¹
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰo²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: bo¹
    • Sinological IPA: /po⁴⁴/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: pó̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: pŏ̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰo⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pho
    • Tâi-lô: pho
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phoy
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɤ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰo³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /pʰo⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po
    • Tâi-lô: po
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poy
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /po³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po͘
    • Tâi-lô: poo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pof
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pɔ³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: bo¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: po
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /po³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ¹phu
    • MiniDict: phu^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹phu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pʰu⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /pʰu⁴⁴/
  • (Northern: Hangzhou)
    • Wugniu: ¹pho
    • MiniDict: pho^平
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /pʰo³³⁴/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 坡
Mandarin	Beijing	/pʰo⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/pʰɤ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/pʰo²¹/
	Jinan	/pʰə²¹³/
	Qingdao	/pʰə²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/pʰo²⁴/
	Xi'an	/pʰo²¹/
	Xining	/pʰɔ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/pʰuə⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/pʰə³¹/
	Ürümqi	/pʰɤ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/pʰo⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/pʰo⁵⁵/ /po⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/pʰo⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/pʰo⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/pʰo³¹/
	Hefei	/pʰʊ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/pʰɤ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/pʰei¹³/ 上～ /pʰɔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/pʰɤ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/pʰu⁵³/
	Suzhou	/pʰu⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/pʰo³³/
	Wenzhou	/pu³³/
Hui	Shexian	/po³¹/
	Tunxi	/pʰo¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/pʰo³³/
	Xiangtan	/pʰo³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/po⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/po⁴⁴/ /pʰo⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/pɔ⁵³/
	Nanning	/pʰɔ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/pɔ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/pʰo⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/pʰo⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/pʰɔ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/po³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/fo²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: pha

Rime
Character	坡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	滂禾切
Baxter	pha
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰuɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰuɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰuɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰwa/
Li Rong	/pʰuɑ/
Wang Li	/pʰuɑ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pʰuɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pō
Expected Cantonese Reflex	po1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰaːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	坡
Reading #	1/1
No.	9728
Phonetic component	皮
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	頗
Old Chinese	/*pʰaːl/

Definitions

坡

1. slope; bank; hillside
2. to slant; to incline; to tilt
3. Used in transcription.

   吉隆坡  ―  Jílóngpō  ―  Kuala Lumpur

   坡旅甲  ―  Pōlǚjiǎ  ―  Polycarpus

   坡市  ―  Pōshì  ―  Pau

   埃德加·愛倫·坡 [MSC, trad.]
   埃德加·爱伦·坡 [MSC, simp.]

   Āidéjiā Àilún Pō [Pinyin]

   Edgar Allan Poe

   1. (Taiwan, Hong Kong) Short for 新加坡 (Xīnjiāpō, “Singapore”).

      坡幣／坡币  ―  pōbì  ―  Singapore dollar

Compounds

• 上坡 (shàngpō)
• 下坡 (xiàpō)
• 下坡走馬 / 下坡走马
• 下坡路 (xiàpōlù)
• 下坡運動 / 下坡运动
• 十字坡
• 半坡遺址 / 半坡遗址
• 博望坡
• 可倫坡 / 可伦坡 (Kělúnpō)
• 吉隆坡 (Jílóngpō)
• 坐坡
• 坡仙
• 坡地
• 坡子
• 坡度 (pōdù)
• 坡撇
• 坡田
• 坡道 (pōdào)
• 坡陡水急
• 堰坡 (Yànpō)
• 大陸坡 / 大陆坡
• 大陸斜坡 / 大陆斜坡
• 孔坡
• 宋坡 (Sòngpō)
• 寨坡 (Zhàipō)
• 山坡 (shānpō)
• 山坡地
• 愛倫坡 / 爱伦坡
• 慢坡
• 打坐坡
• 斜坡 (xiépō)
• 新加坡 (Xīnjiāpō)
• 星加坡 (Xīngjiāpō)
• 朱坡埡 / 朱坡垭
• 東坡 / 东坡
• 東坡居士 / 东坡居士
• 東坡椅兒 / 东坡椅儿
• 東坡肉 / 东坡肉 (dōngpōròu)
• 楊家坡 / 杨家坡 (Yángjiāpō)
• 樊坡 (Fánpō)
• 武家坡
• 江心坡 (Jiāngxīnpō)
• 滑坡 (huápō)
• 爬坡 (pápō)
• 白馬坡 / 白马坡
• 簡坡 / 简坡 (Jiǎnpō)
• 聶坡 / 聂坡 (Nièpō)
• 背風坡 / 背风坡
• 花雞坡 / 花鸡坡 (Huājīpō)
• 蘇東坡 / 苏东坡
• 護坡 / 护坡 (hùpō)
• 護坡工程 / 护坡工程
• 走下坡 (zǒuxiàpō)
• 起坡
• 趄坡兒 / 趄坡儿
• 邊坡 / 边坡
• 長坂坡 / 长坂坡
• 阿速坡 (Āsùpō)
• 陡坡 (dǒupō)
• 陡坡店 (Dǒupōdiàn)
• 陳坡 / 陈坡 (Chénpō)
• 馬嵬坡 / 马嵬坡 (Mǎwéi-pō)
• 龍骨坡 / 龙骨坡 (Lónggǔpō)

Japanese

Kanji

坡

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: は (ha)
• Kan-on: は (ha)
• On: ひ (hi)
• Kun: つつみ (tsutsumi, 坡み)

Korean

Hanja

坡 • (pa) (hangeul 파, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'a)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

坡: Hán Nôm readings: pha, bờ, phơ, da

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.