晉

See also: 晋

晉 U+6649, 晉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6649 ← 晈 [U+6648] CJK Unified Ideographs 晊 → [U+664A]

晉 U+2F8CD, 晉 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8CD ← 書 [U+2F8CC] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 㬙 → [U+2F8CE]

Translingual

Japanese	晋
Simplified	晋
Traditional	晉

Han character

晉 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一戈戈日 (MIIA), four-corner 1060₁, composition ⿱⿳一厸一日)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 494, character 31
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13898
• Dae Jaweon: page 860, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1507, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6649

• Unihan data for U+2F8CD

Chinese

trad.		晉
simp.		晋
alternative forms		㬜 𣈆 𫞄 𣋤 𣌇 㬜 𣈆 𫞄 𣋤 𣌇 𣋧 㬐 𡥨 𦗎

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 晉
Shang	Western Zhou	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (晉) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
鄑	*ʔsel
戩	*ʔsenʔ
榗	*ʔsens
晉	*ʔsins
縉	*ʔsins
搢	*ʔsins
瑨	*ʔsins

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 臸 (“to arrive”) + 日 (“sun”)

Etymology

The I Ching relates it to 進／进 (jìn)[1], whose etymology is unknown (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): jìn (jin⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jin⁴

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zeon³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): dun¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): jin⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chin

  (Meixian, Guangdong): jin³

• Jin (Wiktionary): jing³
• Northern Min (KCR): ce̿ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): céng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chìn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zing³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵cin
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zin⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jìn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jìn
    • Wade–Giles: chin⁴
    • Yale: jìn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinn
    • Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: jin⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gin
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zeon³
    • Yale: jeun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoen³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zên³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵn³³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: dun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tun³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: jin⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chin
    • Hakka Romanization System: jin
    • Hagfa Pinyim: jin⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sin⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: jin³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sin³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: jing³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ce̿ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡seiŋ³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: céng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛiŋ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chìn
    • Tâi-lô: tsìn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cixn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sin²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sin²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sin¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sin²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zing³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsìng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵cin
    • MiniDict: cin^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²jin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕin³⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: zin⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /t͡sin⁴⁵/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡ɕin⁴⁵/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 晉
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕin⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕin⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕin⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕiẽ²¹/
	Qingdao	/t͡siə̃⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡sin³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕiẽ⁴⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕiə̃²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕĩŋ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕin¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕin³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕin¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕin²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕĩ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/t͡sin⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕin⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕiəŋ⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕiŋ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕĩŋ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕiŋ³⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡sin⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕin⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡saŋ⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡siʌ̃³²⁴/
	Tunxi	/t͡sin⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sin⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/t͡sin⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕin⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sin³¹/
	Taoyuan	/t͡sin³¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡søn³³/
	Nanning	/t͡sɐn³³/
	Hong Kong	/t͡søn³³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/t͡sin²¹/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/t͡sɛiŋ²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/t͡seiŋ³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/t͡siŋ²¹³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/t͡sin³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsinH

Rime
Character	晉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	即刃切
Baxter	tsinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siɪnH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sinH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sjenH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sinH/
Li Rong	/t͡siĕnH/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭĕnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡si̯ĕnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jìn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zan3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tsi[n]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsins/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	晉
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jìn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsinH ›
Old Chinese	/*tsi[n]-s/
English	Jìn (place name)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	晉
Reading #	1/1
No.	6770
Phonetic component	晉
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	晉
Old Chinese	/*ʔsins/

Definitions

晉

1. to advance; to increase
2. to promote
3. (～國) Chinese feudal state of Jin (11th century BCE–376 BCE), a state of the Zhou Dynasty in northern China

   • 晉侯、秦伯圍鄭，以其無禮於晉，且貳於楚也。晉軍函陵，秦軍氾南。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     晋侯、秦伯围郑，以其无礼于晋，且贰于楚也。晋军函陵，秦军氾南。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Jìn hóu, Qín bó wéi Zhèng, yǐ qí wúlǐ yú Jìn, qiě èr yú Chǔ yě. Jìn jūn Hánlíng, Qín jūn Fánnán. [Pinyin]

     The Marquis of Jin and the Earl of Qin laid siege to [the capital of] Zheng, under the pretext of the [Earl of] Zheng's disrespectful treatments towards [Marquis of] Jin and double-mindedness towards Chu. Jin armies were stationed at Hanling; Qin armies at Fannan.

4. (～朝) Chinese Jin dynasty (266–420)
5. 35th hexagram of the I Ching (䷢)
6. Alternative name for 山西 (Shānxī, “Shanxi”).
7. (～語) Jin (a variety of Chinese spoken in and around Shanxi)
8. a surname

See also

Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name	Time period	Divisions
Xia 夏 (～朝, ～代)	2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang 商 (～朝, ～代) 殷 (～朝, ～代)	1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou 周 (～朝, ～代)	1046 – 256 BCE	Western Zhou 西周
		Eastern Zhou 東周 / 东周	Spring and Autumn period 春秋
			Warring States period 戰國 / 战国
Qin 秦 (～朝, ～代)	221 – 206 BCE
Han 漢 / 汉 (～朝, ～代)	206 BCE – 220 C.E.	Western Han 西漢 / 西汉
		Xin 新 (～朝)
		Eastern Han 東漢 / 东汉
Three Kingdoms 三國 / 三国	220 – 280 C.E.	Wei 魏
		Shu Han 蜀漢 / 蜀汉
		Wu 吳 / 吴
Jin 晉 / 晋 (～朝, ～代)	265 – 420 C.E.	Western Jin 西晉 / 西晋
		Eastern Jin 東晉 / 东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝	420 – 589 C.E.	Northern dynasties 北朝	Northern Wei 北魏
			Western Wei 西魏
			Eastern Wei 東魏 / 东魏
			Northern Zhou 北周
			Northern Qi 北齊 / 北齐
		Southern dynasties 南朝	Liu Song 劉宋 / 刘宋
			Southern Qi 南齊 / 南齐
			Liang 梁 (～朝, ～代)
			Chen 陳 / 陈 (～朝, ～代)
Sui 隋 (～朝, ～代)	581 – 618 C.E.
Tang 唐 (～朝, ～代)	618 – 907 C.E.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 五代十國 / 五代十国	907 – 960 C.E.
Liao 遼 / 辽 (～朝, ～代)	907 – 1125 C.E.
Song 宋 (～朝, ～代)	960 – 1279 C.E.	Northern Song 北宋
		Southern Song 南宋
Western Xia 西夏	1038 – 1227 C.E.
Jin 金 (～朝, ～代)	1115 – 1234 C.E.
Western Liao 西遼 / 西辽	1124 – 1218 C.E.
Yuan 元 (～朝, ～代)	1271 – 1368 C.E.
Ming 明 (～朝, ～代)	1368 – 1644 C.E.
Qing 清 (～朝, ～代)	1636 – 1912 C.E.

Compounds

• 三晉 / 三晋 (Sānjìn)
• 中晉 / 中晋
• 二晉 / 二晋
• 井晉 / 井晋
• 以諧秦晉 / 以谐秦晋
• 兩晉 / 两晋 (Liǎng-Jìn)
• 六卿分晉 / 六卿分晋
• 六晉 / 六晋
• 加官晉爵 / 加官晋爵
• 古晉 / 古晋 (Gǔjìn)
• 唐臨晉帖 / 唐临晋帖
• 子晉 / 子晋
• 孟晉 / 孟晋
• 後晉 / 后晋 (Hòujìn)
• 得成秦晉 / 得成秦晋
• 晉乘楚杌 / 晋乘楚杌
• 晉京 / 晋京
• 晉劇 / 晋剧 (jìnjù)
• 晉升 (jìnshēng)
• 晉南 / 晋南 (Jìnnán)
• 晉封 / 晋封
• 晉帖 / 晋帖
• 晉年 / 晋年
• 晉惠聞蛙 / 晋惠闻蛙
• 晉授 / 晋授
• 晉接 / 晋接
• 晉昌 / 晋昌 (Jìnchāng)
• 晉明 / 晋明
• 晉晉然 / 晋晋然
• 晉書 / 晋书
• 晉朝 / 晋朝 (Jìncháo)
• 晉棘 / 晋棘
• 晉江 / 晋江 (Jìnjiāng)
• 晉用 / 晋用
• 晉用楚材 / 晋用楚材
• 晉盛 / 晋盛
• 晉祠 / 晋祠
• 晉秩 / 晋秩
• 晉級 / 晋级 (jìnjí)
• 晉紳 / 晋绅
• 晉職 / 晋职 (jìnzhí)
• 晉號 / 晋号
• 晉見 / 晋见 (jìnjiàn)
• 晉語 / 晋语 (Jìnyǔ)
• 晉謁 / 晋谒
• 晉豎 / 晋竖
• 晉賢風 / 晋贤风
• 晉邦 / 晋邦
• 晉鐸 / 晋铎 (jìnduó)
• 晉鑄刑鼎 / 晋铸刑鼎
• 晉階 / 晋阶
• 晉陽之甲 / 晋阳之甲
• 晉陽秋 / 晋阳秋
• 晉陽關 / 晋阳关
• 晉食 / 晋食
• 晉鼎 / 晋鼎
• 晉鼓 / 晋鼓 (jìngǔ)
• 有晉 / 有晋
• 朝梁暮晉
• 東晉 / 东晋 (Dōngjìn)
• 楚才晉用 / 楚才晋用
• 楚材晉用 / 楚材晋用
• 樓蘭晉簡 / 楼兰晋简
• 汾晉 / 汾晋
• 王子晉 / 王子晋
• 皮裡晉書 / 皮里晋书
• 皮裏晉書 / 皮里晋书
• 石晉 / 石晋 (Shíjìn)
• 福晉 / 福晋 (fújìn)
• 秦晉 / 秦晋 (qínjìn)
• 秦晉之好 / 秦晋之好
• 秦晉之盟 / 秦晋之盟
• 秦晉之緣 / 秦晋之缘
• 秦歡晉愛 / 秦欢晋爱
• 西晉 / 西晋 (Xījìn)
• 追晉 / 追晋
• 鼖晉 / 鼖晋

 

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01795

Japanese

Kanji

晉

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. to proceed
2. Jin dynasty

Readings

• Go-on: しん (shin)
• Kan-on: しん (shin)
• Kun: すすむ (susumu, 晉む)、すすむしん (susumushin, 晉)
• Nanori: あき (aki)、くに (kuni)、ゆき (yuki)

Usage notes

Alternative form of 晋 (Jinmeiyō kanji used for names).

Korean

Hanja

晉 (eumhun 나아갈 진 (naagal jin))

1. hanja form^? of 진 (“advance, increase”)

Vietnamese

Han character

晉: Hán Nôm readings: tấn, tắn, tớn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.