曜

See also: 燿 and 耀

曜	U+66DC, 曜 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66DC

← 曛
[U+66DB]

CJK Unified Ideographs

曝 →
[U+66DD]

Translingual

Stroke order (Japan)

Han character

曜 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 日尸一土 (ASMG), four-corner 6701₄, composition ⿰日翟)

Descendants

𫞂

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 501, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14227
Dae Jaweon: page 871, character 20
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1540, character 5
Unihan data for U+66DC

Chinese

trad.		曜
simp. ^#		曜
2nd round simp.		𭀦

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (翟) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
櫂	*r'eːwɢs
濯	r'eːwɢs, r'eːwɢ
耀	*lewɢs
曜	*lewɢs
燿	*lewɢs
糶	*l̥ʰeːwɢs
粜	*l̥ʰeːwɢs
嬥	l'eːw, l'eːwʔ, l'eːwɢs, r'eːwɢ
藋	*l'eːwɢs
躍	*lewɢ
戳	*r'eːwɢ
擢	*r'eːwɢ
蠗	*r'eːwɢ
鸐	*r'eːwɢ
翟	r'aːwɢ, l'eːwɢ
趯	*l̥ʰeːwɢ
籊	l̥ʰeːwɢ, l'eːwɢ
糴	*l'eːwɢ
䊮	*l'eːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *lewɢs) : semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 翟 (OC *r'aːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *glwak (“to shine, flash”); cognate with Tibetan གློག (glog, “lightning”), Burmese လက် (lak, “to flash, scintillate”) (STEDT).

Within Sinitic, compare:

爚 (OC *hljowɢ, *lowɢ, “to shine, melt”)
的 (OC *pleːwɢ, “bright, brilliant; to mark in a target”)
灼 (OC *pljewɢ, “to burn; brilliant; to illuminate”)
爍 (OC *qʰljawɢ, “to melt, fuse, shine”)
霍 (OC *qʰʷaːɡ, “quickly, suddenly; lightning”)
耀 (OC *lewɢs), 燿 (OC *lewɢs, “to shine, gleam”)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yào (yao⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): iāu

(Teochew, Peng'im): iao⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yào
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yào
  - Wade–Giles: yao⁴
  - Yale: yàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yaw
  - Palladius: яо (jao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jiu⁶
  - Yale: yiuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jiu⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yiu⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iāu
  - Tâi-lô: iāu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iau
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iau²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iau⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iau²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iau³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iau³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iao⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iău
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iau³⁵/

Middle Chinese: yewH

Rime
Character	曜
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	弋照切
Baxter	yewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/jæu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiaw^H/
Li Rong	/iɛu^H/
Wang Li	/jĭɛu^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯ɛu^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jiu⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*lewk-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*lewɢs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	曜
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yào
Middle Chinese	‹ yew^H ›
Old Chinese	/*lewk-s/
English	shine
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	曜
Reading #	1/1
No.	2212
Phonetic component	翟
Rime group	豹
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	燿
Old Chinese	/*lewɢs/

Definitions

曜

glorious (as the sun)
sunlight; daylight
to shine; to illuminate
one of the seven so-called planets of pre-modern astronomy (the sun, the moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn)

Compounds

七曜 (qīyào)
九曜
乾曜 / 干曜
五曜
兩曜 / 两曜
吐曜
土曜 (tǔyào)
惡曜 / 恶曜
日曜 (rìyào)
日曜日 (rìyàorì)
星曜
晞曜
普曜經 / 普曜经
曜日 (yàorì)
曜靈 / 曜灵 (yàolíng)
月曜 (yuèyào)
月曜日 (yuèyàorì)
木曜 (mùyào)
木曜日 (mùyàorì)
水曜 (shuǐyào)
水曜日 (shuǐyàorì)
火曜 (huǒyào)
火曜日 (huǒyàorì)
炳曜
眩曜
金曜 (jīnyào)
震曜
黑曜岩 (hēiyàoyán)

Japanese

Shinjitai	曜
Kyūjitai ^[1]^[2]	曜󠄁 曜+`󠄁`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	曜󠄃 曜+`󠄃`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Alternative forms

(ryakuji) 𫞂 [U+2B782]

Kanji

曜

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

shine
weekday
day (of the week)

Readings

Go-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)^{←えう (eu, historical)}^{←𛀁う (yeu, ancient)}
Kan-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)^{←えう (eu, historical)}^{←𛀁う (yeu, ancient)}
Kun: かがやく (kagayaku, 曜く)、ひかり (hikari, 曜)、ひかる (hikaru, 曜る)
Nanori: あき (aki)、あきら (akira)、かぐや (kaguya)、てらす (terasu)、てる (teru)、ひかり (hikari)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
曜
よう Grade: 2
on'yomi

/jieu/ → /jeu/ → /jəː/ → /joː/

From Middle Chinese 曜 (MC yewH).

Affix

曜(よう) • (yō) ^{←えう (eu)^?}

sun, moon and stars
day of week

Usage notes

Used for the days of the week, for example 日曜 (nichiyō) or 日曜日 (nichiyōbi, “Sunday”).

Derived terms

Compounds

曜日(ようび) (yōbi, “day of the week”)
曜変(ようへん)天目(てんもく) (yōhen-tenmoku), 曜変(ようへん) (yōhen)
月曜(げつよう) (getsuyō), 月曜(げつよう)日(び) (getsuyōbi, “Monday”)
火曜(かよう) (kayō), 火曜日(かようび) (kayōbi, “Tuesday”)
吉曜(きちよう) (kichiyō, “lucky day”)
金曜(きんよう) (kin'yō), 金曜日(きんようび) (kin'yōbi, “Friday”)
九曜(くよう) (kuyō), 九曜星(くようせい) (kuyōsei)
光曜(こうよう) (kōyō)
黒曜石(こくようせき) (kokuyōseki, “obsidian”)
七曜(しちよう) (shichiyō, “seven days of the week”)
水曜(すいよう) (suiyō), 水曜(すいよう)日(び) (suiyōbi, “Wednesday”)
宿(すく)曜(よう) (Sukuyō), 宿(しゅく)曜(よう) (Shukuyō)
土曜(どよう) (doyō), 土曜日(どようび) (doyōbi, “Saturday”)
何曜(なんよう) (nan'yō, “which day”)
日曜(にちよう) (nichiyō), 日曜(にちよう)日(び) (nichiyōbi, “Sunday”)
八曜(はちよう) (hachiyō)
木曜(もくよう) (mokuyō), 木曜(もくよう)日(び) (mokuyōbi, “Thursday”)
両曜(りょうよう) (ryōyō)
六曜(ろくよう) (rokuyō, “six calendar labels”)

Proper noun

曜(よう) • (Yō) ^{←えう (Eu)^?}

a female given name

References

^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1077 (paper), page 589 (digital)
^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 651 (paper), page 338 (digital)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 曜 (MC yewH).

Historical readings

Recorded as Middle Korean 요ᇢ〮 (Yale: yów) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Recorded as Middle Korean 요〯 (yǒ) (Yale: yǒ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [jo]
Phonetic hangul: [요]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

曜

Wikisource

曜 (eumhun 빛날 요 (binnal yo))

hanja form^? of 요 (“shiny”)
hanja form^? of 요 (“day of the week (in this case, usually used with 일 (日, il))”)

Compounds

요일 (曜日, yoil, “day of the week”)
월요일 (月曜日, woryoil, “Monday”)
화요일 (火曜日, hwayoil, “Tuesday”)
수요일 (水曜日, suyoil, “Wednesday”)
목요일 (木曜日, mogyoil, “Thursday”)
금요일 (金曜日, geumyoil, “Friday”)
토요일 (土曜日, toyoil, “Saturday”)
일요일 (日曜日, iryoil, “Sunday”)
흑요석 (黑曜石, heugyoseok, “obsidian”)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

曜: Hán Nôm readings: diệu

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[1] Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1077 (paper), page 589 (digital)

[2] Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 651 (paper), page 338 (digital)

[1]

[2]

Translingual

Han character

Descendants

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Definitions

Compounds

Japanese

Alternative forms

Kanji

Readings

Etymology

Affix

Usage notes

Derived terms

Proper noun

References

Korean

Etymology

Pronunciation

Hanja

Compounds

References

Vietnamese

Han character

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