汽

汽 U+6C7D, 汽 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C7D ← 汼 [U+6C7C] CJK Unified Ideographs 汾 → [U+6C7E]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

汽 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 水人一弓 (EOMN), four-corner 3811₇, composition ⿰氵气)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 609, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17177
• Dae Jaweon: page 1002, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1566, character 4
• Unihan data for U+6C7D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		汽

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 汽
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (气) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
愾	*kʰɯːds, *qʰɯds
忾	*qʰrɯl
刏	*kɯl, *ɡɯl, *kuːls
汽	*kʰɯds
氣	*kʰɯds, *qʰɯds
气	*kʰɯds
忥	*qʰɯds
餼	*qʰɯds
鎎	*qʰɯds
熂	*qʰɯds
霼	*qʰɯds
犔	*qʰɯds

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰɯds) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 气 (OC *kʰɯds).

Alternatively, an Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 氵 (“water”) + 气 (“air”) - steam. Quite possibly both of these origins could be true, out of convenience.

Etymology 1

From 氣／气 (qì).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): qì (qi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): qi⁴

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): qī

  (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): qī

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чи (či, III)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hei³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): hei¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): qi³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): hi

  (Hailu, HRS): hi^ˇ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): hi⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): qi³
• Northern Min (KCR): ki̿
• Eastern Min (BUC): ké
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ki⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): khì

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ki³

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ki³

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵chi
  • (Jinhua): ⁵chi
• Xiang

  (Changsha, Wiktionary): qi⁴

  (Loudi, Wiktionary): qi⁴

  (Hengyang, Wiktionary): qi⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qì
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cì
    • Wade–Giles: chʻi⁴
    • Yale: chì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chih
    • Palladius: ци (ci)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: qi⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ki
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: qī
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
  • (Nanjing)
    • Nanjing Pinyin: qī
    • Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): qi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чи (či, III)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hei³
    • Yale: hei
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hei³
    • Guangdong Romanization: héi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hei̯³³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: hei¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hei³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: qi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hi
    • Hakka Romanization System: hi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: hi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /hi⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: hi^ˇ
    • Sinological IPA: /hi¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: hi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /hi⁵³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: qi³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ki̿
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰi³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ké
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɛi²¹³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ki⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰi⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khì
    • Tâi-lô: khì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qix
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰi²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰi⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰi²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰi¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰi²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ki³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khì
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰi²¹³/
  • (Leizhou)
    • Leizhou Pinyin: ki³
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi²¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Ningbo)
    • Wugniu: ⁵chi
    • MiniDict: chi^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²qi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰi³⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡ɕʰi⁵²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
  • (Jinhua)
    • Wugniu: ⁵chi
    • Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: qi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/
  • (Loudi)
    • Wiktionary: qi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
  • (Hengyang)
    • Wiktionary: qi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi³²⁴/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰɯds/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	汽
Reading #	1/1
No.	10139
Phonetic component	气
Rime group	隊
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*kʰɯds/

Definitions

汽

1. gas (matter in an intermediate state between liquid and plasma)
2. steam; water vapor

Synonyms

• (steam):

edit

• 哈氣 / 哈气 (ha¹ qi³) (Jin, Harbin Mandarin)
• 寡水子氣 / 寡水子气 (gua^2-1 sui² zeh qi³) (Jin)
• 水氣 / 水气 (shuǐqì)
• 水汽 (shuǐqì)
• 水蒸氣 / 水蒸气 (shuǐzhēngqì)
• 蒸汽 (zhēngqì)

Compounds

• 公共汽車 / 公共汽车 (gōnggòng qìchē)
• 出租汽車 / 出租汽车 (chūzū qìchē)
• 水汽 (shuǐqì)
• 汽力 (qìlì)
• 汽化 (qìhuà)
• 汽化器 (qìhuàqì)
• 汽化熱 / 汽化热
• 汽壓 / 汽压
• 汽標 / 汽标 (Qìbiāo)
• 汽機 / 汽机 (qìjī)
• 汽水 (qìshuǐ)
• 汽油 (qìyóu)
• 汽油引擎
• 汽油燈 / 汽油灯
• 汽燈 / 汽灯 (qìdēng)
• 汽發 / 汽发 (Qìfā)
• 汽笛 (qìdí)
• 汽缸 (qìgāng)
• 汽船 (qìchuán)
• 汽艇 (qìtǐng)
• 汽表
• 汽車 / 汽车 (qìchē)
• 汽車保險 / 汽车保险
• 汽車旅館 / 汽车旅馆 (qìchē lǚguǎn)
• 汽車租賃 / 汽车租赁 (qìchē zūlìn)
• 汽車美容 / 汽车美容
• 汽輪機 / 汽轮机 (qìlúnjī)
• 汽輾 / 汽辗
• 汽酒 (qìjiǔ)
• 汽鍋 / 汽锅
• 汽電共生 / 汽电共生
• 無鉛汽油 / 无铅汽油
• 蒸汽 (zhēngqì)
• 蒸汽機 / 蒸汽机 (zhēngqìjī)
• 蒸汽船 (zhēngqìchuán)
• 蹼輪汽船 / 蹼轮汽船
• 開汽水 / 开汽水 (kāi qìshuǐ)
• 雙頭汽鍋 / 双头汽锅
• 飽和蒸汽 / 饱和蒸汽
• 高級汽油 / 高级汽油

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qì (qi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngat⁶ / hat¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ki̍t

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qì
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cì
    • Wade–Giles: chʻi⁴
    • Yale: chì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chih
    • Palladius: ци (ci)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ngat⁶ / hat¹
    • Yale: ngaht / hāt
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngat⁹ / hat⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: nged⁶ / hed¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɐt̚²/, /hɐt̚⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki̍t
    • Tâi-lô: ki̍t
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kit
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kit̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kit̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kit̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kit̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kit̚⁴/

Definitions

汽

1. Alternative form of 汔 (qì, “to dry; nearly”)
2. ^‡ to tear (to produce tears)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yǐ (yi³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧˇ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yǐ
    • Wade–Giles: i³
    • Yale: yǐ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yii
    • Palladius: и (i)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i²¹⁴/

Definitions

汽

1. ^‡ This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of 汽 – see 𧰙. (This character is a variant form of 𧰙).

Japanese

Kanji

汽

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

1. steam, vapour
2. nearly

Readings

• Go-on: け (ke)
• Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
• Kun: みずけ (mizuke, 汽)^{←みづけ (miduke, みづけ, historical)}、ゆげ (yuge, 汽)

As variant kanji for 汔:

• Go-on: こち (kochi)
• Kan-on: きつ (kitsu)
• Kun: ちかい (chikai, 汽い)、ほとんど (hotondo, 汽ど)

Compounds

• 汽(き)圧(あつ) (kiatsu)
• 汽缶(きかん) (kikan)
• 汽機(きき) (kiki)
• 汽車(きしゃ) (kisha)
• 汽章(きしょう) (Kishō)
• 汽(き)水(すい) (kisui)
• 汽船(きせん) (kisen)
• 汽走(きそう) (kisō)
• 汽(き)鎚(づち) (kizuchi)
• 汽艇(きてい) (kitei)
• 汽(き)笛(てき) (kiteki)
• 汽(き)力(りょく) (kiryoku)
• 蒸汽(じょうき) (jōki)
• 汽(チー)鍋(グオ) (chīguo)

Kanji in this term
汽
き Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kʲi]

Affix

汽(き) • (ki) 

1. steam; vapor

Korean

Etymology 1

Hanja

汽 (eumhun 김 기 (gim gi))

1. hanja form^? of 기 (“steam; vapour”)

Compounds

• 기차 (汽車, gicha, “train”)
• 기선 (汽船, giseon, “steamship; steamboat”)

Etymology 2

Hanja

汽 (eumhun 거의 흘 (geoui heul))

1. Alternative form of 汔 (“hanja form^? of 흘 (“nearly”)”)

Vietnamese

Han character

汽: Hán Nôm readings: khí

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.