海內

See also: 海内

Chinese

		ocean; sea	inside; inner; internal inside; inner; internal; within; interior
trad. (海內)		海	內
simp. (海内)		海	内
anagram		內海／内海

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hǎinèi

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄞˇ ㄋㄟˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hoi² noi⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hái-lǎi / hái-lāi / hái-lōe

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hǎinèi
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄞˇ ㄋㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hǎinèi
    • Wade–Giles: hai³-nei⁴
    • Yale: hǎi-nèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haeney
    • Palladius: хайнэй (xajnɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ neɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hoi² noi⁶
    • Yale: hói noih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hoi² noi⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: hoi² noi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːi̯³⁵ nɔːi̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hái-lǎi
    • Tâi-lô: hái-lǎi
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lai²²/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hái-lāi
    • Tâi-lô: hái-lāi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: haylai
    • IPA (Taipei): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai²²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lai³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hái-lōe
    • Tâi-lô: hái-luē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hayloe
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lue²²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lue³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lue³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lue⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: xojX nwojH

Rime
Character	海	內
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	呼改切	奴對切
Baxter	xojX	nwojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hʌiX/	/nuʌiH/
Pan Wuyun	/həiX/	/nuoiH/
Shao Rongfen	/xɒiX/	/nuɒiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/həjX/	/nwəjH/
Li Rong	/xᴀiX/	/nuᴀiH/
Wang Li	/xɒiX/	/nuɒiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xɑ̆iX/	/nuɑ̆iH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hǎi	nèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hoi2	neoi6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m̥ˤəʔ  nˤ[u]p-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hmlɯːʔ  nuːbs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	海	內
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hǎi	nèi
Middle Chinese	‹ xojX ›	‹ nwojH ›
Old Chinese	/*m̥ˁəʔ/ (dialect *m̥ˁ- > x-)	/*nˁ[u]p-s/
English	sea	inside
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	海	內
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9283	9381
Phonetic component	母	內
Rime group	之	內
Rime subdivision	0	3
Corresponding MC rime	海	内
Old Chinese	/*hmlɯːʔ/	/*nuːbs/

Noun

海內

1. (literary) within China; the territory within the Four Seas (that were thought to make up the borders of ancient China)

   • 海內之地方千里者九，齊集有其一。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     海内之地方千里者九，齐集有其一。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

     Hǎinèi zhī dì fāng qiān lǐ zhě jiǔ, Qí jí yǒu qí yī. [Pinyin]

     The territory within the four seas embraces nine divisions, each of a thousand li square. All Qi together is but one of them.

   • 漢興，海內為一。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     汉兴，海内为一。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Hàn xīng, hǎinèi wéi yī. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 海內存知己，天涯若比鄰。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     海内存知己，天涯若比邻。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: c. 650 – 676, Wang Bo, 送杜少府之任蜀州 (Seeing off Vice-prefect Du on the occasion of his appointment to the state of Shu)

     Hǎinèi cún zhījǐ, tiānyá ruò bìlín. [Pinyin]

     When one has a close friend in this world, the far ends of heaven are like next door.

Synonyms

• (the world): 天下 (tiānxià)

Antonyms

• 海外 (hǎiwài)

Derived terms

• 名聞海內 / 名闻海内
• 海內一統 / 海内一统 (hǎinèi yītǒng)
• 海內無雙 / 海内无双