預

See also: 预

預 U+9810, 預 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9810 ← 頏 [U+980F] CJK Unified Ideographs 頑 → [U+9811]

Translingual

Traditional	預
Simplified	预
Japanese	予
Korean	豫

Han character

預 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+4, 13 strokes, cangjie input 弓弓一月金 (NNMBC), four-corner 1128₆, composition ⿰予頁)

Derived characters

• 𱠽, 澦, 𣛿, 𬘂, 𨮌, 𲊸, 𠟹, 蕷

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1401, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43373
• Dae Jaweon: page 1917, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4363, character 10
• Unihan data for U+9810

Chinese

trad.		預
simp.		预
2nd round simp.		予
alternative forms		奕 Hokkien specific senses 豫 variant

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (予) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
野	*laːʔ, *ɦljaʔ
壄	*laːʔ
序	*ljaʔ
抒	*ljaʔ, *hlja, *ɦljaʔ
芧	*l'aʔ
杼	*l'aʔ, *ɦljaʔ
墅	*ɦljaːʔ
舒	*hlja
紓	*hlja, *ɦljaʔ
妤	*la
伃	*la
予	*la, *laʔ
預	*las
忬	*las
豫	*las
蕷	*las
澦	*las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *las) : phonetic 予 (OC *la, *laʔ) + semantic 頁.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yù (yu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jyu⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): yi⁵

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yi
• Eastern Min (BUC): ê̤ṳ
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): y⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ū / īr / ī / ǐr

  (Teochew, Peng'im): e⁶

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶yu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yù
    • Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yù
    • Wade–Giles: yü⁴
    • Yale: yù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
    • Palladius: юй (juj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyu⁶
    • Yale: yuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyː²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: yi⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ji³²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi
    • Hakka Romanization System: i
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /i⁵⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)i
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ê̤ṳ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /øy²⁴²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: y⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ū
    • Tâi-lô: ū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: u
    • IPA (Xiamen): /u²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /u³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: īr
    • Tâi-lô: īr
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɯ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Kinmen): /ɯ²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Tainan, Yilan, Hsinchu, Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ī
    • Tâi-lô: ī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: i
    • IPA (Zhangpu, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /i³³/
    • IPA (Jinjiang): /i⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /i²²/
  • (Hokkien: Lukang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ǐr
    • Tâi-lô: ǐr
    • IPA (Lukang): /ɨ³³/

Note:

• Xiamen:
  • ū - literary;
  • ī - vernacular (“to participate; to play; to start”).
• Taiwan:
  • ī/ū/īr/ǐr - literary;
  • ī - vernacular (“to play”).

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: e⁶
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ṳ̆
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɯ³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶yu
    • MiniDict: yu^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhy
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦy²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: yoH

Rime
Character	預
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	羊洳切
Baxter	yoH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨʌH/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɔH/
Shao Rongfen	/iɔH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jɨə̆H/
Li Rong	/iɔH/
Wang Li	/jĭoH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯woH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyu6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*las/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	預
Reading #	1/1
No.	15740
Phonetic component	予
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	豫
Old Chinese	/*las/

Definitions

預

1. beforehand, in advance
2. ^† to take part in
3. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to participate in an activity
4. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to play (chess, cards, mahjong, hide-and-seek, etc.)
5. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, of an activity) to start
6. (Cantonese, Teochew) to foresee; to expect; to anticipate

   我預咗佢會遲到㗎啦。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   我预咗佢会迟到㗎啦。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   ngo⁵ jyu⁶ zo² keoi⁵ wui⁵ ci⁴ dou³ gaa³ laa¹. [Jyutping]

   I knew he was going to be late.

7. (Cantonese, Teochew) to prepare; to plan for; to estimate

   今晚有朋友上嚟食飯，你預多啲飯餸喇喎。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   今晚有朋友上嚟食饭，你预多啲饭𩠌喇㖞。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   gam¹ maan^5-1 jau⁵ pang⁴ jau⁵ soeng⁶ lai⁴ sik⁶ faan⁶, nei⁵ jyu⁶ do¹ di¹ faan⁶ sung³ laa³ wo³. [Jyutping]

   A friend is coming over for dinner tonight, so prepare more food.

8. (Cantonese) to reserve a place; to count someone in

   預返啲位畀佢擺行李喎。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   预返啲位畀佢摆行李㖞。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   jyu⁶ faan¹ di¹ wai^6-2 bei² keoi⁵ baai² hang⁴ lei⁵ wo³. [Jyutping]

   Save some space for him to put his luggage.

   聽日旅行預埋你㗎喇。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   听日旅行预埋你㗎喇。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   ting¹ jat⁶ leoi⁵ hang⁴ jyu⁶ maai⁴ nei⁵ gaa³ laa³. [Jyutping]

   We're counting you in for tomorrow's trip.

Compounds

• 何預 / 何预
• 參預 / 参预
• 單一預算 / 单一预算
• 單式預算 / 单式预算
• 天氣預報 / 天气预报 (tiānqì yùbào)
• 干預 (gānyù)
• 年度預算 / 年度预算
• 投資預算 / 投资预算
• 機率預報 / 机率预报
• 潮汐預報 / 潮汐预报
• 總預算 / 总预算
• 言之不預 / 言之不预
• 赤字預算 / 赤字预算
• 追加預算 / 追加预算
• 零基預算 / 零基预算
• 預付 / 预付 (yùfù)
• 預付卡 / 预付卡
• 預估 / 预估 (yùgū)
• 預借 / 预借
• 預備 / 预备 (yùbèi)
• 預備役 / 预备役 (yùbèiyì)
• 預備金 / 预备金
• 預兆 / 预兆 (yùzhào)
• 預先 / 预先 (yùxiān)
• 預力 / 预力
• 預卜 / 预卜 (yùbǔ)
• 預告 / 预告 (yùgào)
• 預告片 / 预告片
• 預售 / 预售 (yùshòu)
• 預售屋 / 预售屋
• 預報 / 预报 (yùbào)
• 預定 / 预定 (yùdìng)
• 預後 / 预后 (yùhòu)
• 預感 / 预感 (yùgǎn)
• 預想 / 预想 (yùxiǎng)
• 預拌料 / 预拌料
• 預支 / 预支 (yùzhī)
• 預料 / 预料 (yùliào)
• 預斷 / 预断 (yùduàn)
• 預期 / 预期 (yùqī)
• 預測 / 预测 (yùcè)
• 預演 / 预演 (yùyǎn)
• 預產期 / 预产期 (yùchǎnqī)
• 預留 / 预留 (yùliú)
• 預知 / 预知 (yùzhī)
• 預祝 / 预祝 (yùzhù)
• 預視 / 预视
• 預科 / 预科 (yùkē)
• 預算 / 预算 (yùsuàn)
• 預約 / 预约 (yùyuē)
• 預繳 / 预缴
• 預習 / 预习 (yùxí)
• 預聞 / 预闻 (yùwén)
• 預行 / 预行 (yùxíng)
• 預見 / 预见 (yùjiàn)
• 預言 / 预言 (yùyán)
• 預言家 / 预言家 (yùyánjiā)
• 預訂 / 预订 (yùdìng)
• 預計 / 预计 (yùjì)
• 預設 / 预设 (yùshè)
• 預謀 / 预谋 (yùmóu)
• 預警 / 预警 (yùjǐng)
• 預賽 / 预赛 (yùsài)
• 預購 / 预购 (yùgòu)
• 預選 / 预选
• 預防 / 预防 (yùfáng)
• 預防接種 / 预防接种
• 預防注射 / 预防注射
• 預防醫學 / 预防医学
• 預防針 / 预防针 (yùfángzhēn)

References

• “預”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “预”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 292.

Japanese

Kanji

預

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. beforehand
2. take care of
3. entrust

Readings

• On (unclassified): よ (yo, Jōyō)
• Kun: あずける (azukeru, 預ける, Jōyō)、あらかじめ (arakajime, 預め)、あずかる (azukaru, 預かる, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 預金(よきん) (yokin)
• 預言(よげん) (yogen)
• 預言者(よげんしゃ) (yogensha)
• 預(よ)託(たく) (yotaku)

Usage notes

See also 予.

Korean

Hanja

預 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

預: Hán Việt readings: dự
預: Nôm readings: dứa, dựa, nhứ, rợ

1. chữ Hán form of dự (“to participate”).
2. (in compounds) chữ Hán form of dự (“to forsee, to prepare”).